Adolescence is a transitional period from childhood to adulthood. During this period, children's physical development is accelerated. Under the action of endocrine hormones, the reproductive system began to mature, and great changes took place in physiology, biochemistry, psychology, intelligence and behavior. With the emergence of secondary sexual characteristics, the physiological characteristics and psychology of male and female students began to differentiate obviously. This period is also a critical period for children's development. Their intellectual abilities such as cognition and thinking are basically mature, but they are in the second period of psychological resistance. With independent consciousness, they want to get rid of their parents' management of Cambodia, pursue equality and understanding, and explore the behavior standards recognized by their peers, which will lead to conflicts with their elders. Children in this period are rich in ideals, full of fantasies and not satisfied with the status quo. However, due to limited life experience and insufficient understanding, they lack the ability to correctly estimate themselves and others, and sometimes it is difficult to distinguish right from wrong.
Because of the contradiction between the development of independent consciousness and the lack of cognitive ability, it will cause psychological problems and even lead to physical and mental harm. During this period, emotional attention is characterized by high excitability, rapid conversion between excitement and inhibition, easy mood fluctuation and obvious extreme characteristics. In terms of behavior, emotion, character and personality, it is easy to be influenced by various factors, resulting in temporary difficulties or fluctuations. Without correct guidance, help and intervention, it is easy to cause psychological obstacles and injuries. With the development of sexual function, children have sexual feelings and are eager to explore the mystery. If this period is adversely affected by the environment, it is easy to get into bad habits such as smoking and drinking, and some even commit sexual crimes. The common diseases in this period include endocrine and sexual development diseases, such as diabetes complicated with acne, obesity, precocious puberty, irregular menstruation, sexual naivety and so on. Mental and psychological abnormalities such as headache, insomnia, anorexia nervosa, loneliness, depression, hysteria and social phobia began to increase.
Adolescent health care:
1, to ensure nutrition and enhance physical fitness. In adolescence, the physical development suddenly accelerates, the activity increases obviously, and the learning task increases. Therefore, we should ensure adequate nutrition, especially the supply of heat and protein. Continue to pay attention to physical exercise and arrange various activities.
2. Strengthen physical health education in disease prevention, so that children can master the necessary health knowledge, consciously develop healthy lifestyles and habits, and prevent the occurrence of various diseases. Focus on the prevention and treatment of myopia, crooked light, dental caries, obesity, spinal curvature, tuberculosis complicated with rheumatism complicated with irregular menstruation, accidents and so on. , and regular health check-ups, early detection of growth and development problems, early intervention and treatment.
3. Strengthen mental health Because children's psychological mood is easy to fluctuate during this period, family, school and social education have a great influence on children's development, and they are prone to disorder in study and life and form bad habits. Adolescence is the key stage for children to become adults in the future. During this period, we should pay attention to moral education, ideal and belief education, collectivism education and legal education. At the same time, combined with children's psychological characteristics, pay more attention to children's wishes and psychological needs, conduct sex education, guide children to correctly understand sexual physiological phenomena, prevent psychological abnormalities, and avoid puppy love or even early pregnancy. Prevent bad habits such as smoking and drinking.