1, Denmark.
Denmark is a parliamentary democracy under the constitutional monarchy, with its capital in Copenhagen and two autonomous regions: Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark is a member of the European Union, with a highly developed economy and a typical welfare state. The gap between the rich and the poor is very small and it is a highly developed country in the world. Denmark is also one of the founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
Denmark is also a fairy tale kingdom, the hometown of the fairy tale master Andersen. The main tourist spots are Copenhagen, Andersen's hometown-odense, Lego Block City, the west coast of jutland and the northernmost Skayan.
2. Sweden.
With an area of 450,295 square kilometers, Sweden is the largest country in Northern Europe with a population of about100000. Sweden is a highly developed modern liberal democratic country. Its citizens enjoy a high quality of life and the government attaches great importance to environmental protection.
Sweden is a world-famous Nobel Prize awarding place, with the only ice and snow hotel in the world, as well as Lapp residential areas with dual cultural and natural heritage. His capital, Stockholm, is an elegant and prosperous city. The Swedish Palace is the place where the king works and holds celebrations, and it is the main tourist attraction in Stockholm.
3. Norway.
Norway is located in the west of Scandinavia, bordering Sweden in the east and the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Norway covers an area of 385,054 square kilometers (including Svalbard, Jan Mayen and other dependencies).
Located in the western part of Scandinavia in northern Europe, it borders Sweden in the east, Finland and Russia in the northeast, Denmark across the sea in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the west. The coastline is very tortuous, with a length of 2 1000 km (including fjords). It is a natural harbor. Scandinavian mountains run through the whole territory, and plateaus, mountains and glaciers account for more than two thirds of the whole territory. Hills, lakes and swamps are widely distributed in the south.
Norway has beautiful Lofoton Islands, magical Northern Lights, spectacular yost Valley ice sheet and midnight sunshine. This is an ideal place for skiing, hiking and fishing.
4. Finland
Finland is a highly developed welfare country in the world, and its citizens enjoy a high standard of living. In the World Happiness Report published by the United Nations, Finland has been rated as the happiest country in the world on 20 18 and 20 19 for two consecutive years.
Finland is known as "the country of thousands of islands" and "the country of thousands of lakes": to be precise, China has188,000 lakes (with an area of over 500 square meters) and179,000 islands.
Finland is flat. Hartia Peak in northern Lapland, located on the border between Finland and Norway, is the highest peak on the Norwegian side, with an altitude of1.365m. It is located on the hillside on the Finnish side, with an altitude of1.328m.. The longest river in Finland is the Kimi River, which is 550 kilometers long.
Except lakes, the whole country is covered by vast forests, accounting for 69% of the country's land area. The arable land area is small, accounting for only 8%. The most concentrated islands are located in the archipelagic sea between the Finnish mainland and the main island of the Oran Islands in the southwest.
Finland's harsh climatic conditions, special geographical location and history make Finland have a unique ice and snow scenery, just like the snow kingdom in fairy tales, and also make Finns form a national character and culture with Nordic characteristics.
5.iceland.
Iceland has a land area of103,000 square kilometers and a population of about 350,000. Although small, it is the country with the lowest population density in Europe and one of the countries with the lowest population density in the world.
Iceland, located in the mid-Atlantic ridge, is a country with many volcanoes and frequent geological activities. The inland is dominated by plain landforms, with sandy land, cooled lava plains and glaciers distributed in the territory. Although Iceland is located on the edge of the Arctic Circle, there is a warm current in the North Atlantic, so the temperature is moderate.
Iceland is a market economy. Compared with other OECD countries, the tax rate is lower, and its citizens have Nordic welfare systems such as medical insurance and higher education provided by the state.
The best tourist season in Iceland is from June to August. At this time, the climate is cool and pleasant, with long sunshine hours, which is suitable for all kinds of outdoor activities, and tourists have more opportunities to watch the famous "midnight sun" spectacle.
10 In April, May and September, the sunshine is shortened, the temperature is lower and there are fewer tourists, but it is still suitable for tourism. 11-March is the best season to observe the aurora, but it is winter and the weather is bad, so it is inconvenient to travel. ?
Extended data:
The five Nordic countries are Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and their dependencies Faroe Islands, Greenland and Oran Islands. The historical backgrounds of the five countries and the three autonomous regions are closely related, and their social and political systems are similar.
Politically, although different, they all participate in the Nordic Council; There are three language families, namely Scandinavian branch of Indo-European language family, Finnish-Ugric language family of Urals language family and Sami language family, and Greenland language family of Eskimo-Aleutian language family. The five Nordic countries have an area of 3.5 million square kilometers (Greenland accounts for 60% of the land) and a population of about 25 million.
The five Nordic countries share a common history and have close social and cultural ties. In the dark ages, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Iceland had similar cultures, languages (Cournot) and religions (Norse mythology).
/kloc-After the introduction of Christianity in 0/000, localization made Denmark, Sweden and Norway form three independent kingdoms. From the12nd century, the regions of Finland (linguistically belonging to Finnish-Ugric language family) began to integrate into Sweden, forming the Kingdom of Sweden.
Iceland, Faroe Islands, shetland islands, Orkney Islands, Greenland and most of Scotland and Ireland belong to Norway. All five Nordic countries followed the Reformation and accepted Lutheranism.
/kloc-In the 4th century, Denmark, Norway (together with Iceland) and Sweden (together with Finland) formed the Kalmar Union, ruled by the same monarch. Denmark quickly dominated the alliance, but in the early16th century, Sweden re-established an independent kingdom; Denmark's rule over Norway did not end until 18 14 when it was forced to cede Norway to the king of Sweden. Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands still belong to Denmark.
In17th century, Sweden became one of the great European countries, but then it lost its territory one by one, even lost Finland in 1809. Finland became an autonomous grand duchy of Finland and a vassal of the Russian czar.
1905, the alliance between Sweden and Norway, which started in 19 century, collapsed with the dissatisfaction of Norway. At the same time, Scandinavianism rose in Scandinavia, aiming at unifying Sweden, Norway and Denmark, but with little effect.
During the First World War and the October Revolution in Russia, Finland became an independent country, and the idea of forming a unified Nordic country began to appear. During World War II, Iceland became independent from Denmark in 1944, and all the members of the Nordic Council formed in 1952 were established.
After World War II, the policies of the five Nordic countries have the same characteristics. For example, Nordic countries have huge public welfare systems, which are paid by taxes, and social democratic legislative regimes, mainly led by social Democrats who came to power during World War II.
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