Special Children's Psychology Thesis —— Discussion on Mental Health Education for Special Children
Under the background of globalization and complicated social and economic life, the mental health education of special children, a vulnerable social group that needs protection, is particularly important. This paper analyzes the main psychological diseases of special children, and discusses the ways of mental health education for special children from the aspects of the construction of special education teachers, the self-regulation ability of special children, the care for special students in special education, and the improvement of teaching activities.
Keywords: special children; Mental illness; Mental health; education
In recent years, the number of special children in China has been increasing due to environmental pollution, the proliferation of unhealthy food and chemical drugs or genetic factors. The special children we are talking about are not only blind, deaf, dumb or mentally retarded, but also include different types of children with problems, such as hyperactive children, autistic children or children with learning disabilities. Because of their physical or psychological defects or obstacles, more or less some unhealthy psychological problems will occur. As special educators, we should not only pay attention to the recovery and improvement of special children's obstacles and skills, but also pay attention to their mental health problems and help them grow up healthily.
First, the main psychological diseases of special children.
Except for some physical defects, many children in special children's groups are different from ordinary people in words, deeds and emotions. If it is not well treated for a long time, it will become a mental illness, such as ADHD, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder and so on. The main mental diseases of special children are as follows.
1. Have sleep problems and somatization symptoms. Usually, there are few sleep problems among children, but special children are often under great psychological pressure, and sometimes they have insomnia, nightmares and other sleep problems. In addition, some special children will show some somatization symptoms because of anxiety and anxiety, such as indigestion, headache and abdominal pain.
2. Bad temper and serious hostility to others. Due to some physical or psychological defects, special children often feel depressed and inferior, and may show sensitivity, anxiety, irritability, and even lose control, lose their temper, and destroy things. Because of a little thing or someone's casual words and actions. For example, children with ADHD, although they have no physical and intellectual defects, may be easily criticized, beaten and scolded by parents or teachers and ridiculed or discriminated by students because of ADHD, which makes them have no trust in others, serious hostility and strong aggression.
3. There are serious symptoms of inferiority and autism. In the process of growing up, special children will gradually realize that they are different from ordinary people and feel inferior very easily. They also avoid normal communication activities and are unwilling to communicate with others, especially blind and deaf children who have communication barriers. They always avoid getting along with others because of their communication defects. In the long run, it will be difficult for them to integrate into society and communicate with others, thus showing some symptoms of autism.
Second, ways of mental health education for special children
1. Strengthen the construction of special education teachers and the training of related professionals.
In today's increasingly complex society, it is very important to strengthen the construction of special education teachers and the training of related professionals. The key point is to train teachers in mental health and education, improve teachers' professional knowledge level and special education teaching ability, create caring, patient and capable special education teachers, influence students with love, and guide students with a new teaching mode that is entertaining and practical.
2. Guide special children to enhance their self-regulation ability.
Most of the psychological problems of special children are caused by their lack of cognitive ability and adjustment ability. Special educators should pay attention to guiding them to maintain good mental health and enhance their self-regulation ability. Like what? How do special children face up to their own defects? On this issue, some teachers in integrated schools encourage ordinary students not to laugh at and discriminate against special children. Are you deaf? 、? Blind? 、? Idiot? This is of course a way to protect special children, but it should also guide and encourage special children to correctly understand their physical, psychological and intellectual defects. Only in this way can they bravely use assistive devices, cooperate with the training of teachers and doctors, and bravely contact the society. Like Zhou Tingting? How do deaf people adapt to the mainstream society? Say: I have lived in a deaf world since I was a child. In the past 20 years, I have experienced a rather contradictory and painful psychological process, from realizing that I am deaf, to forgetting that I am deaf, to facing that I am deaf, and finally to ignoring that I am deaf and facing that I am deaf at the same time? .
Treat special children with enough love and patience.
(1) Soothes the broken hearts of special children with love. Caring for special children should always be reflected in teachers' words and deeds. Caring for and caring for students doesn't need much truth. Sometimes just a look, a smile and a gesture can express concern, affirmation and encouragement for special students, which greatly inspires students' hearts. In the actual process of special education, teachers should be clear about the personality and thoughts of each special child in the class, fully respect their individual differences and each child's own defects, be able to teach according to the different characteristics of students, comprehensively use various teaching methods, fully tap the strengths of each special student, and give them affirmation and encouragement without hesitation in any small progress, so that they can regain their self-confidence in repeated progress, enjoy the joy of success and stimulate their enterprising spirit.
(2) Feel the sensitive hearts of special children with love. Due to the influence of various social and practical factors, most special children are sensitive, and any subtle changes in people, things and things may cause strong reactions in their hearts. Teachers engaged in special education need to be able to observe every inner change of special students at all times and feel their inner feelings with love. And use concrete examples and teaching examples in reality to help them establish correct values and outlook on life, encourage them to look at things with a positive attitude, and guide them to learn how to correctly judge and handle various events.
(3) Use love to understand and influence the rebellious psychology of special children. Special children are prone to rebellious psychology because of their inferiority complex and inner sensitivity. Teachers should respect their self-esteem, often encourage and praise them, and let them enjoy a sense of accomplishment. We should also fully understand their physical or psychological facts, instead of blaming their own defects for hindering their study. For example, some hearing-impaired children mainly rely on senses such as vision, which puts great pressure on their eyes and other organs, and is prone to problems such as inattention, decreased understanding and memory ability, and may make slow progress in the learning process, but these problems are not their own fault. Only when teachers know and understand these things can they set learning contents for them, patiently educate and cultivate them, let them feel the warmth of being concerned and help them grow up healthily.
4. Improve the psychological quality of special students in teaching activities. Teachers should not only improve their own quality and pay attention to students' psychology, but also design entertaining teaching activities according to students' actual situation and psychological characteristics, create an activity platform for students to experience, cooperate and reflect, and integrate mental health education and survival ability education into scientific and cultural knowledge teaching. Encouraging students to feel and participate in teaching activities as intuitively as possible, and creating a relaxed, happy and positive learning environment for special children will help reduce their inferiority, weariness of learning and hostility, and cultivate their good psychological quality.
5. Pay attention to the combination of teaching theory and life practice. Special educators should understand that all special mental health education is to make special children better live and adapt to society, so they should pay attention to the connection between teaching theory and life practice, not only to set up various teaching activities to run through mental health education, but also to infiltrate mental health education into students' accommodation or family daily life, and strive to make mental health education closely related to the study and life of special students, because only in this way can special children apply the theoretical knowledge and skills of mental health education they have learned to real life and adjust themselves voluntarily.
Three. Concluding remarks
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to special education by the state, society and people, which has greatly improved the quality of education and teaching facilities, but the mental health education of special children has not made great progress. When carrying out mental health education for special children, teachers should not only pay attention to the improvement and innovation of teaching modes and methods, but also give psychological care and understanding to special children with love and patience, create a relaxed, happy, caring and positive environment for their study and growth, and promote their physiological and psychological synchronous and healthy development.
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