20 10 The "giving pledge" movement initiated by Bill Gates and Warren Buffett has been questioned and criticized in European countries, and many German tycoons refused to follow their footsteps and donate their property. Peter Kramer, a shipping giant in Hamburg, Germany, said: The rich promise to donate their wealth, so that the rich are above the country and affect the public interest.
According to American law, if the rich want to leave their inheritance to their children, the federal government will withdraw more than half of the inheritance tax. In fact, many wealthy Americans evade inheritance tax through charitable donations. The European media also poured cold water on this incident. Many commentators said that the wealthy Americans promised to donate money instead of participating in the "giving pledge" operation. "It is better to pay taxes on time."
Second, Jobs' widow was subject to high inheritance tax.
After Steve Jobs, the former chairman and co-founder of Apple, died, at least three properties under his name were placed in the name of a trust company, which made the amount and distribution of Jobs' huge property a mystery. Jobs owns 5.55 million shares of Apple (with a market value of about $2.05 billion) and 65.438+38 billion shares of Disney (worth about $4.74 billion). Although Jobs's estate was managed by a trust fund after his death to avoid testamentary tax, the tax rate was still as high as 654.38+0.5%. Jobs' widow received a capital gains tax bill as high as $867 million, which she held when she sold Jobs. The payment date of these taxes is 20 13, and the overdue tax rate will be raised from 15% to 20%, and an income tax of 3.8% may be added after the expiration.
The third place, Li Ka-shing, left.
20 12 in may, 84-year-old Li Ka-shing, the richest Chinese, officially announced the property distribution plan to the media. According to Li Ka-shing's distribution plan, Li Zeju will acquire more than 40% shares in Cheung Kong and Hutchison Whampoa, and increase its shareholding in Husky, the largest energy company, by 35%. These three businesses are about HK$ 200 billion. As for the youngest son, Li Ka-shing was not stingy at all, and Li Zekai got several times as much cash as his current assets. According to Hong Kong media, from the perspective of fair distribution, the property distributed to Li Ka-shing's two sons, whether in kind, stocks or cash, should be equal in quantity. In addition, Li Ka-shing also said that he would leave enough assets for his "third son"-Li Ka-shing Charity Foundation. When Li Ka-shing was still in good health, he announced his property arrangement to the society, so that investors and the society would be protected from unnecessary shocks and arguments.
Fourth, Ruby Lin's premarital property trust.
As early as March 20 12, Ruby Lin, who was worth hundreds of millions, made it clear that if she wanted to get married, she would trust her property first. As soon as this statement came out, it immediately caused the media and people in the industry to speculate boldly that the leading effect of film and television entertainment stars may make the pre-marital property trust "surface". In foreign countries and Hong Kong and Taiwan, it is not news that an individual gives his personal property to a trust before marriage, but in China, the disposal channel of "pre-marital property trust" has not yet taken shape.
Fifth place Anita Mui Anti-profligacy Willingness Trust
It has been 65,438+03 years since Anita Mui died after a generation of songs, but she still can't get out of people's sight. News conferences related to her occupy the big pages of major media from time to time, among which her hundreds of millions of legacy is particularly interesting.
Anita Mui knew before his death that his mother, Tan Meijin, was not good at managing money, and she liked to splurge. If all the property is given to her mother at once, she is worried that her mother will spend it all at once or be cheated away by people with ulterior motives. Therefore, Anita Mui chose testamentary trust, entrusting nearly 100 million assets to a professional institution. The trust fund pays her mother a monthly living allowance of HK$ 70,000 until her death.
However, Ma Mei was dissatisfied with her daughter's will and thought that the inheritance should be inherited by her alone. She once questioned the validity of the trust fund established by Anita Mui before his death. She thought that Anita Mui was in hospital when he signed his will, and his health was getting worse. She suspected that she had signed a will and a trust fund in poor spirits. Anita Mui's lawsuit of 1 100 million yuan estate lasted for five years, but in the end, the court ruled that Ma Mei lost the case and Anita Mui's living will was valid.
No.6 Wu Yajun Family Trust
There seems to be no obvious national border between Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Crossing a path full of flowers and seeing a badge decorated with a crown, I came to this Alpine town. Most of the top trust companies in Europe are gathered here.
However, between Britain and France, there is an island that smells of lavender, called Jersey. The scale of the fund industry is as high as 65.438+0967 billion pounds (about 654.38+0.9 trillion yuan), and it has gathered the top trust companies in the world.
It may be hard for you to believe that China's "all-time" richest man, thousands of miles away, has an indissoluble bond with this small island. In 2009, Zhang Yin, the richest woman who made a fortune by recycling waste paper, set up three family trusts on the island through BNP Paribas Jersey Trust Co., Ltd.
Wu Yajun, 20 1 1 the richest woman in China, is an elegant and charming woman who set up a family trust through HSBC International Trust Company. Of course, as an established British bank, HSBC has branches in almost every island that enjoys a loose financial bill, including trust companies.
Besides Jersey, there are Cayman Islands, Bermuda and even Mauritius. Every day, trust managers stationed in bustling cities have to transport countless documents and funds to these small islands. The requirements of trust managers may not be high, tax exemption can save them a lot of intermediate costs, and low management fees can also make them earn more profits. The demands of the rich may be simpler. The annual rate of return does not need to be high, as long as it is stable and guaranteed.
Rockefeller Family Trust No.7
The earliest trust was discovered during the Crusade, when people entrusted their property to people who trusted them because of the expedition. Later, this method was gradually fixed, and many people chose to transfer their property to priests to operate on their behalf.
Cheng Cheng introduced that there are almost no existing domestic trust company models abroad, and most of the large foreign trust companies are trust companies operated by banks, such as HSBC International Trust, HSBC International Trust, HSBC International Trust and HSBC International Trust. Li Yang, an analyst at Yiyi Trust, told reporters that the common practice abroad is to directly set lawyers as trustees.
Large chaebol families have their own lawyers, accountants and specialized trust institutions. The Kovant family, which owns BMW, has its own exclusive trust. Family property is managed by this company, and family members receive income regularly. This institution has set up an investment branch in Hong Kong, and it is also one of the LPs of a fund owned by Jiuding Investment, a mainland PE company.
American presidents have changed for generations, but the Rockefeller family's dynasty has never changed. The Rockefeller family set up their own trust company to manage the private property of family members.
The rise of the Rockefeller family originated from oil. John rockefeller, the founder of the first generation, founded Standard Oil Company, which won more than one billion dollars at the beginning of last century and became one of the richest people in the world at that time. His legacy was passed down in trust.
In the son's generation, a * * * set up five trusts.
Rockefeller center building is located in downtown Manhattan. The top floor of this building is an institution unknown to outsiders. Working in this big suite is the staff who help the Rockefeller family manage their property. They manage 90% of the shares of Rockefeller Group.
No.8 SOHO China Pan Shiyi and Zhang Xin Family Trust
Not every family is rich enough to set up their own independent trust company. Companies represented by Barclays, HSBC and large banks have solved the problem that most families cannot have their own specialized institutions and need financial guidance.
Domestic rich people also set up trust structures in their own companies through bank trust companies.
SOHO China is listed in Hong Kong, and the actual controllers Zhang Xin and Pan Shiyi hold the company through trust. The trustee of the trust is HSBC International Trust, which holds more than 60% equity of SOHO China, and the beneficiary of the trust is Zhang Xin.
After the company goes public, in order to fulfill its disclosure obligations, it will present shareholders' information to investors, but if it holds shares through trust, the privacy of shareholders can be protected to the greatest extent. Usually, only the founder and trustee of the trust are shown in the prospectus or company financial report. Unless the beneficiary of the trust is on the board of directors or senior management list, the beneficiary's information will not appear in the financial report.
Taking the above SOHO China as an example, the company's financial report shows that Zhang Xin is the beneficiary of the trust, but whether there are other beneficiaries and the income ratio of this trust cannot be known.
No.9 family trust
Cayman and Jersey Trust
The two richest women choose overseas trusts, and most of the trusts in Hong Kong are run by HSBC. When the rich choose trust, they choose the legal system of one place.
Outside the bright floor-to-ceiling glass, there is a light green sea view of Victoria Harbour. From time to time, several seagulls pass by the sky.
This is the meeting room of BNP in the headquarters of Hong Kong Financial Center. Of course, this multinational bank with large trust companies in Jersey and Luxembourg has a more mysterious VIP customer room. The room is elegantly decorated, with avant-garde oil paintings hanging on the wall, small beige, and flowers in light blue bottles. You can sit leisurely on the spacious sofa, and your bank consultant will explain all kinds of complicated procedures for you in detail.
In fact, for many years, rich people in mainland China and Hong Kong have been willing to entrust multinational banks like Faba to take care of their wealth. One option is trust.
Mysterious island of trust
Perhaps you didn't expect that those small islands that are hard to see on earth actually carry the wealth of many rich people.
In Hong Kong, HSBC International Trust Limited handled most of these family trusts.
Wu Yajun, chairman of Longhu Real Estate, was born in Chongqing, but Longhu Real Estate is registered in Cayman Islands. This is a common mode of operation, and the company is registered in an offshore financial center.
There is a diaosi trust in the shareholder list of Longhu Real Estate. Among them, Chua's Family Trust and Yinhai Assets Co., Ltd. are the controlling shareholders, and Yinhai's trustee is HSBC International Trust Co., Ltd., holding 45.465% of the company's shares. This is a discretionary trust. Discretionary entrustment means that the trustee can decide the distribution, management and operation of the trust property under the guidance of the client's wishes. The sponsor and supervisor of the trust is Wu Yajun, and the beneficiaries include several other family members including Wu Yajun.
Wu Yajun is only 48 years old this year. This elegant and charming woman used to be a reporter. 1993 started to set foot in the real estate industry, 1995 founded Chongqing longhu real estate co., ltd. In 2008, Longhu Real Estate was listed in Hong Kong. Wu Yajun once surpassed Yang in personal wealth and became the richest woman.
Wu Yajun is now the chairman of the board of directors of Longhu Real Estate. After the company went public, in order to avoid the disadvantages of the family business, Wu Yajun's husband, Cai Kui, resigned from all his positions in the company, keeping only the equity. Another family trust of Wu Yajun family is Chua's family trust, which holds 30.25% equity of Longhu Real Estate.
In addition to the actual controller holding shares through trust, the equity incentives of other senior executives of the company are also realized through trust. Before listing, the company's senior executives Fang Shengtao, Shao and others held shares in the company through Changxin Trust, and the trustee was also HSBC International Trust Co., Ltd. After listing, Wu Yajun designed an equity incentive plan for about 550 employees of the company, and this part of the equity was transferred to a trust named Fit Quanxin Trust.
As a successful enterprise Mulan, Zhang Yin and Wu Yajun operate in different ways.
1957, Zhang Yin was born in Dongguan. Her entrepreneurial journey began when she was 27 years old in Hong Kong. Zhang Yin quit her high-paying job and went to Hong Kong to start a waste paper recycling business.
1990, immigrated to the United States, and suggested not to expand business. 10 years later, her company became the largest waste paper recycler in the United States.
In order to further expand the industrial chain, Zhang Yin set up the nine dragons paper in Dongguan and started her own papermaking road. In 2006, nine dragons paper was listed in Hongkong. That year, Zhang Yin topped the Hurun Rich List.
Zhang Yin is low-key and cautious in the trust structure of equity. Zhang set up four family trusts. Among them, YC 2006 family irrevocable trust company was established through Delaware North Trust Company, holding 29.706% equity of nine dragons paper.
Zhang Yin also established three family trusts through the trust company BNP Paribas Jersey Trust Co., Ltd. in Jersey, namely Liu Family Trust, Zhang Family Trust and Jinchao Trust. The name of one of her sons appeared in the shareholders' list as the beneficiary of the trust, and the other son was a special beneficiary, but his name did not appear in the shareholders' list. Zhang Yin has seven younger brothers and sisters and two sons.
Mainland China Rare Heritage Trust Fund
In fact, Longhu Real Estate and nine dragons paper are not alone. Many mainland private enterprises listed in Hong Kong have chosen to hold shares in trust, such as Yongda Automobile, Alibaba, Baoxin Automobile,
Entrepreneurs are not the only ones who can choose family trust to inherit wealth. For the general high net worth people, trust is also one of the ways of inheritance, but this way is still rare in Chinese mainland.
The late Shen Dianxia, a Hong Kong star, handed over about HK$/kloc-0 billion to the trust manager before his death, so as to avoid the situation that his daughter was just in her early twenties and was not good at managing huge assets.
Shen Dianxia found trust managers including her ex-husband Adam Cheng and her former friends. If her daughter wants to use the inheritance, it needs the unanimous approval of the management.
Anita Mui's approach is more direct. She left nearly HK$ 1 100 million to HSBC International Trust Limited, and her mother was the sole beneficiary of the trust. At present, Anita Mui's mother receives 654.38 million+HK dollars of living expenses from HSBC International Trust Company Limited every month until her death.
However, it didn't take long for Anita Mui's mother to sue HSBC International Trust Co., Ltd. to the court, claiming to seek inheritance, and finally dropped the lawsuit.