Objective: Modern Chinese medicine cosmetology is a new discipline born out of Chinese medicine cosmetology, which has many characteristics such as long history, rich experience, overall concept, dialectical beauty, diverse methods, safety and effectiveness, integration into life, simplicity and so on. After decades of development, TCM cosmetology, which integrates modern science and technology, has made great progress from basic research to clinical practice, with the emergence of high-level talents and the continuous improvement of its disciplinary status.
Modern Chinese medicine; Beauty; development status
Modern Chinese cosmetology is a new Chinese medicine discipline based on bodybuilding and formed by the intersection of various basic and clinical disciplines. Guided by the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the theory of human aesthetics with China characteristics, it studies the prevention and treatment of diseases that damage beauty and the cover-up or correction of physiological defects that damage beauty by using the unique methods of traditional Chinese medicine, and explores the methods of preventing diseases, keeping fit, delaying aging and beauty beauty, so as to achieve the purpose of maintenance, repair and shape the beauty of human body. Modern Chinese medicine beauty is born out of Chinese medicine beauty, which is the inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine beauty .10000.000000060606 Traditional Chinese medicine cosmetology has a long history and profound cultural background. It has been influenced by China culture for thousands of years. Through the continuous exploration and practice of ancestors, such a unique beauty system has been formed. It has a profound theoretical foundation, pays attention to the overall concept and dialectical treatment, has both form and spirit, pays equal attention to quality, has various methods, is safe and effective, and is deeply loved by people. In recent years, with the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for beauty has been increasing, and China's medical beauty industry has developed rapidly. After decades of unremitting efforts, TCM cosmetology has made great progress. Since the beginning of the new century, the cause of Chinese medicine beauty, which combines modern science and technology, has taken off and made a breakthrough. This paper briefly summarizes the development status of modern Chinese medicine beauty.
1 Perfect combination of traditional culture and modern science and technology
The development of TCM beauty can be traced back to two thousand years ago. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the earliest branch of medicine was formed, which divided medicine into four branches: food doctor, disease doctor, medicine selection and veterinarian. Choosing a doctor is the earliest Chinese medicine surgeon. And all kinds of treatment and nursing of dermatosis belong to the category of traditional Chinese medicine surgery. There have been some records about beauty drugs in Shan Hai Jing during the Warring States Period, such as? The Beauty of Clothing in Cao Xun? ,? Are grass clothes attractive to people? [2]。 In the long years of thousands of years, doctors of past dynasties have been exploring, practicing and summarizing the causes, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment methods of various diseases that damage beauty, even involving surgery and dental beauty, and a large number of famous doctors and classic works have emerged. There are more than 60 kinds of drugs with health care and beauty function recorded in Shennong Herbal Classic in Qin and Han Dynasties, and the unique dosage form of facial fat, such as Angelica dahurica, is mentioned. Long skin and moist color can be used as facial fat? . Sun Simiao, a famous doctor and health care master in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Prepare for a rainy day, a good prescription for a thousand daughters" and "A thousand daughters' wings". What are they respectively? Face medicine? And then what? Woman face medicine? Compendium of Materia Medica, written by Li Shizhen, a physician in Ming Dynasty, contains 1892 kinds of drugs. Eyes? 、? Face? 、? Nose? 、? Lips? 、? Hair? 、? Smelly? 、? Sore? In these articles, hundreds of cosmetic drugs are introduced, and the efficacy and usage of each drug are introduced in detail. These are just a drop in the ocean, which shows how rich and precious the excellent historical and cultural heritage left by history is! The modern beauty of TCM is the inheritance and innovation of these excellent cultures.
Modern scholars, through textual research and research on ancient documents, sorting out and summarizing, and through continuous practice and verification, have better inherited and carried forward the beauty of traditional Chinese medicine. Ms. Huang Feili, Director of the Teaching and Research Section of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beauty, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Union University, and Deputy Head of the Education Group of Medical Beauty and Beautification Society of Chinese Medical Association, has finished the cooperation with Professor Ma Binrong of Capital Medical University? Chinese medicine beauty consultation system? By using multimedia technology, the system collates, summarizes and summarizes the information about TCM cosmetology in more than 400 TCM medical books and 40 periodicals in China from the Spring and Autumn Period to the end of 1993, and becomes a database that can be extracted at any time in TCM cosmetology research, teaching and clinical treatment.
Today, technology has become the primary productive force, and innovative technology has also injected new vitality into TCM beauty. The experimenter used modern technology to carry out pharmacological research on Chinese herbal medicines and analyze their pharmacological components. Modern processing and extraction can retain its effective components to a greater extent, such as CO2 supercritical extraction technology. The technology adopts low temperature and high pressure extraction, which can effectively prevent the oxidation of active components and heat-sensitive substances in Chinese herbal medicines, reduce the loss of active components, especially volatile components in Chinese herbal medicines, and extract active components to the maximum extent without solvent pollution. The effective components of Chinese herbal medicine extracted and separated by this technology are 2.5 times that extracted by ordinary methods.
In addition, the continuous improvement and innovation of preparation forms also make modern Chinese medicine cosmetology more convenient, practical and effective. For example, changing the traditional decoction into oral liquid, improving its color, fragrance and texture, and then beautifully packaging can further enhance the image and taste of Chinese medicine beauty, and the good taste makes it more acceptable to beauty seekers.
2. Adapting to the trend of the times, the market demand is constantly expanding.
2. 1 Chinese beauty has many advantages.
2. 1. 1 holistic view, seeking beauty based on syndrome differentiation and treatment: treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic method of diagnosis and treatment of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, and holistic view links the beauty of human body with internal organs and even the external environment. Chinese medicine says:? If there is something inside, it must be outside. ? Some diseases that damage beauty on the surface of our skin are often the external reflection of visceral diseases. This shows that for some diseases that damage beauty, we should not only treat them externally, but also adjust them internally. It is necessary to adopt various treatment and maintenance methods such as oral and external drugs, acupuncture and massage to achieve good results. For example, chloasma is often caused by deficiency of liver and kidney and deficiency of kidney yin. Therefore, if the treatment of chloasma is only a single application of freckle mask or modern medical beauty laser, photon and other technologies, the curative effect is poor and easy to repeat. If external therapy is combined with internal medicine for tonifying liver and kidney and nourishing kidney yin, supplemented by acupuncture and massage therapy, better curative effect can be obtained and the recurrence rate is low. The holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely recognized by the majority of beauty seekers.
2. 1.2 There are various methods, which are safe and effective: there are many cosmetic methods in Chinese medicine, which can be roughly divided into Chinese medicine, acupuncture, massage, scrapping, qigong, music, psychology, diet, health preservation and so on. Each category has several specific methods, and each method has its own unique advantages. For example, traditional Chinese medicine can be divided into oral administration and external use, and oral administration can be divided into decoction, portable pill, convenient oral liquid, nourishing decoction and so on. External use includes ointment, tincture, aerosol, etc. After repeated practice, these methods are safe and effective with little or no side effects. In this era of advocating green, natural and harmless, Chinese medicine beauty is naturally popular.
2. 1.3 integration into life, simple and easy to operate: many treatment and maintenance methods of TCM beauty are closely related to daily life. For example, eating beauty, the ancients said: eating and drinking is not beautiful, and your face is not enough? . The principle of food and drug therapy is the same, which comes from? Medicine and food are homologous? Say it. Indeed, many Chinese medicine practitioners are related to drugs and foods, such as yam and jujube, which are not only delicious foods, but also drugs for invigorating qi and strengthening spleen. Chinese medicine says: when the spleen is healthy, qi and blood are active, and tissues and organs such as skin and hair are fully nourished, showing a moist and shiny bodybuilding state; Spleen deficiency, deficiency of qi and blood biochemistry and deficiency of yin and blood lead to abdominal distension and loose stool, loss of appetite, pale or sallow complexion, withered hair and rough skin, which is not conducive to physical fitness. Then people with weak temper can add yam, jujube and other foods in their daily diet to achieve the purpose of beauty. This is simple and easy to enjoy food, but also improve their face. Why not?
2. 1.4 Unique aesthetic concept: TCM beauty has been influenced by China traditional culture in the long development process, so TCM beauty has a profound cultural background, and it can also be said that TCM beauty has a strong humanistic atmosphere. Now even the Olympics pay attention to high-tech Olympics, green Olympics and people's Olympics. Beauty of traditional Chinese medicine can be said to grasp the pulse of the times. In addition, the beauty of traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the beauty of neutralization (nature), charm and quality, which just echoes the current trend. This kind of Chinese medicine beauty will naturally be favored.
2.2 The market environment provides a broad platform for the development of TCM cosmetology. First, with the improvement of people's living standards, people will pursue a more perfect living condition, and people are willing and able to consume beauty products. The characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine beauty, internal adjustment and external protection, green and natural, diverse methods, safety and effectiveness, just cater to the tastes of consumers. Secondly, many businesses smell the broad development prospects and huge business opportunities of Chinese medicine beauty, and have invested in the research, development, production and sales of Chinese medicine beauty. Well-known brands such as Baicaoji and Ding Jiayi are typical cases of successful cosmetology in traditional Chinese medicine. Now, foreign businesses have also entered the beauty market of traditional Chinese medicine. In April 2004, Shiseido? Chinese medicine beauty and health? The research project was officially launched by the Japanese Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Japan, aiming to carry out the research on beauty and health of traditional Chinese medicine in China and explore the possibility of applying the research results to the development of cosmetics and health products.
3. Pay attention to academic research and constantly improve the level of talents.
In 1980s, various works on TCM aesthetics and TCM cosmetology came out one after another, such as Aesthetics of TCM, Practical Traditional Beauty Law, Complete Book of TCM Beauty, Acupuncture Beauty, TCM Beauty, etc. There are more and more papers on beauty of traditional Chinese medicine. 1989, the Medical Beauty Committee of Surgery Branch of China Chinese Medicine Association was established; 1997, the Chinese Medicine Beauty Branch of China Chinese Medicine Association was established, which marked that Chinese medicine beauty became an independent discipline like other departments of Chinese medicine. In order to meet the needs of the development of Chinese medicine beauty, the cultivation of Chinese medicine beauty talents is also showing a vigorous development trend. Many secondary or higher medical colleges in China have set up medical cosmetology, which is the main subject in both Chinese medicine colleges and western medicine colleges. After several years of development, there are now graduate students in the direction of Chinese medicine beauty. These talents have enriched the beauty industry and greatly improved its overall quality and professional level.
4. Relevant laws and regulations have been promulgated continuously.
On June 5438+ 10, 2002, the Ministry of Health issued Order 19 (Measures for the Administration of Medical Beauty Services). What is the definition of medical beauty in the Measures? Refers to the use of surgery, drugs, medical devices and other traumatic or invasive medical technologies to repair and reshape the appearance and shape of the human body? . Beauty is divided into two parts: medical beauty and life beauty, and clearly defined? Medical cosmetology can be described as a first-class diagnosis and treatment subject, while cosmetic surgery, cosmetic dentistry, cosmetic dermatology and cosmetic Chinese medicine are second-class diagnosis and treatment subjects? , further established the discipline status of Chinese medicine beauty.
Traditional Chinese medicine beauty is extensive and profound. Although unprecedented development has been made in recent ten years, there are still many shortcomings. Due to various reasons, TCM cosmetology is not very common in major hospitals, and various forms of TCM cosmetology in the market are not standardized. The level of talents engaged in TCM cosmetology is uneven, and some even have no medical foundation. All these have caused some negative effects and also hit the confidence of some consumers. Therefore, the future development is also a long way to go. For the future development of TCM cosmetology, we should further strengthen the basic research and clinical research of TCM cosmetology, integrate more scientific and technological forces, speed up personnel training, and further improve relevant laws and regulations, so as to accelerate the development of TCM cosmetology and promote its maturity.
refer to
Liu Yiqun. Aesthetics of traditional Chinese medicine [M]. 1 edition. Beijing: China Traditional Chinese Medicine Press, 2006,6:1.
[2] Hu Changxin. Life Beauty and Medical Beauty History Test. Medicine and philosophy, 1992:(2):5 1
Model article 2: analysis of the development history of TCM beauty prescriptions; China medicine is a great treasure house and the origin of beauty research. It can be seen that our ancestors were able to develop simple beauty preparations 2000 years ago. In the voluminous ancient books, there are rich and profound expositions about beauty. In fact, it is not uncommon to use square notes. From the Warring States Period to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were 1233 beauty prescriptions and 269 Chinese herbal medicines, which were divided into six categories: whitening and beautifying, freckle-removing and beautifying, beauty and hairdressing, freckle-removing and wart-removing, deodorization and fragrance-dispersing. Of course, most of them served the nobles of the imperial court at that time. This paper summarizes the beauty prescriptions in ancient books as follows.
1 from ancient times to pre-Qin dynasty
This is the origin of traditional Chinese medicine beauty. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, remember? Hey? 、? Hey? 、? Tinea? 、? Warts? Isomorphic disease [1]. Has the Yin period developed? Grease and powder , with cosmetics? Yan Zhi? , can you receive? Peach blossom makeup? Beauty effect [2]. Among the 46 drugs in Shan Hai Jing/kloc-0 in the Warring States Period, 12 were related to beauty [1]. 65438-0973, unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan Province, the medical prescription book Fifty-two Diseases, which was formed from the Warring States to the Qin Dynasty, is very rich in content and has six prescriptions for preventing and treating scars [3]. There are three longevity prescriptions in "Health Prescriptions". What else? Is it embarrassing? And then what? Hair removal? 、? Black hair? Prescription.
2 Qin and Han Dynasties
This is the embryonic stage of Chinese medicine beauty. Although Huangdi Neijing is a masterpiece of TCM theory, it also provides a theoretical basis for TCM theory, but there are also some ways to treat beauty [4]. Such as "Ling Shu? Meridian-Jin-Lu-Ma ointment therapy is a cosmetic treatment method that combines medicine with massage by repeatedly rubbing the affected area with the fat under the horse's neck.
Shennong's Herbal Classic written in the Eastern Han Dynasty recorded 100 kinds of information about? Yueze? 、? Beauty? 、? Are intellectuals suitable? , making people? The head is not white? There are 54 kinds of cosmetic drugs (27 kinds of upper meridians, 9 kinds of lower meridians/kloc-0), and the unique dosage forms of facial fat are mentioned.
In addition, two famous doctors in the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing and Hua Tuo. Danggui Shaoyao Powder, founded by Zhang Zhongjing, is used to treat liver spots caused by stagnation of liver blood, Maziren Pill is used to treat rough skin caused by dryness and heat, and Zhu Fu Decoction is still used by later generations [4]. The Secret Biography of Huatuo Shenyi contains 10 external prescriptions for beauty, and Huatuo Shenfang contains 56 internal and external prescriptions for beauty care and treatment [5].
3 Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties
This is the formation period of Chinese medicine beauty, and it is also the heyday of the development of Chinese medicine beauty prescription.
3. 1 Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Ge Hong in the Western Jin Dynasty has two books, Bao Puzi and Elbow JiFang. The former is a philosophical masterpiece, and the latter is a medical masterpiece [6]. His aesthetic thoughts are mainly reflected in the 50 volumes of Waipian of Bao Puzi. Because of its early, varied and specialized beauty prescriptions and obvious aesthetic thoughts, Elbow Backup Emergency Prescription is the first book of Chinese cosmetology, in which 66 beauty prescriptions and 95 kinds of drugs are recorded [7]. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Tao Hongjing of Qi Liang wrote Annotations on the Classic of Materia Medica, which included 730 kinds of drugs, [8] including more than 70 kinds of Chinese medicines for health care and beauty, and made some contributions to the Classic of Materia Medica, such as the manuscript, which was supplemented on the basis of the Classic of Materia Medica? Can it be used as medicinal facial fat? These are widely used by later generations. The Legacy of Liu Gui compiled by Gong Qingxuan in the Southern Qi Dynasty also contains some beauty prescriptions, about 50 of which are written. 3.2 Sui and Tang Dynasties
There are seven kinds of diseases (8 1 Zhang) in the Prescription written by Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the early Tang Dynasty. Prepare for emergencies, Volume XIII? Heart, 56 pieces; Thousand Girls and Wings, Volume 5? Female number one? Female facial medicine fifth, 1 theory, 39 prescriptions; Thousand Girls and Wings, Volume 1? Drug record theft? There are 63 kinds of happy noodles, 9 kinds of medicines, and the rest are scattered in various volumes. His disciple Meng E wrote Herbal Medicine for Dietotherapy, which contains 260 kinds of edible drugs [9], including many beauty foods, such as? Litchi, mild temperature and healthy color? ,? Radish, is the cold suit white and exquisite? It enriches the connotation of the beauty of food. Tang's Secret Recipe of Outer Taiwan contains 32 books devoted to beauty, including 97 secret recipes for facial beauty, 87 secret recipes for girls' hairdressing, 9 secret recipes for bean bath, 3 secret recipes for oral fat, 3 secret recipes for beautiful hands, secret recipes for scented body fumigation 10, and other beauty preparation methods1[1. There are 34 prescriptions whose indications and usage are related to beauty, which have beauty and health care functions. Among them, there are 9 hairdressers, 4 perfumers, 7 beauticians, 1 1 freckle removing prescriptions and 3 health care prescriptions. The original texts all indicate that it has cosmetic therapeutic effects on diseases related to head and face injuries, such as vitiligo 14, fragrant mouth 9, deodorant body 43, wart removal 19 and scar removal 17. According to this idea, * * * got 356 prescriptions and 294 drugs. In a word, from the Jin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the all-round development of TCM cosmetology not only formed a preliminary system, but also laid a solid foundation for further improvement in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
4 Song, Jin, Ming and Qing Dynasties
This period is the expansion period of traditional Chinese medicine beauty prescription. There are a large number of Chinese medicine books in this issue, most of which involve beauty issues. The court beauty in Qing Dynasty has reached a quite high level.
4. 1 Song Dynasty
In the Song Dynasty, several large prescriptions were published, including Taiping Shenghui Prescription, Shengji Zonglu, Taiping Huimin Heji Bureau Prescription, which all contained many beauty prescriptions. The 40th volume of Taiping Sheng Huifang focuses on beauty, with 187 prescriptions listed in * * *; Volume 4 1 is a prescription for hair and beard, which is listed in * * *? The dark side of Bering? 、? Do you need to cure your eyebrows if you don't have all kinds of remedies? Waiting for 120 songs; In addition, in other volumes, there are more than 440 prescriptions for treating diseases that damage beauty, such as thinness, vitiligo, needle eye, blurred eyes, yellow and black teeth, tooth loss, tooth whitening, bad breath, lip sores, hot sores, (various) ringworm, lacquer sores, chapped hands and feet, and more than 240 prescriptions for nourishing face. There are more than 980 beauty prescriptions in the book. There are 65,438+000 prescriptions in the Total Record of Shengji, which are only aimed at face and facial hair. Where is the "Taiping Huimin Hutchison Bureau Prescription"? Virtual door? Such as doors, but also scattered in many beauty recipes with whitening, beauty, blackening hair and strengthening teeth, prolonging life and moisturizing skin [4]. In addition, in the records of the Liao Dynasty, the use of traditional Chinese medicine was also recorded. Gualou? Apply it to your face? Buddha makeup? Formula, what do modern people call it? Inverted mold? Cosmetic surgery is similar. In addition, there are Fang, Fang, Fang, Fang, Fang, Fang, Shi Zhai Bai, Wei's family and so on. Both contain cosmetic prescriptions or methods [3]. 4.2 Jin and Yuan Dynasties
At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Xu Guozhen wrote "Imperial Hospital", and collected a large number of court beauty prescriptions before Jin and Yuan Dynasties, such as facial cleanser for imperial use and facial cleanser for empress. The book also lists a variety of dental drugs such as white tooth pearl powder and musk powder, totaling 180 pieces, which enriches the beauty category.
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