1. Key points of health care in the second trimester
The key points of health care in the second trimester are:
L, prenatal check-up, once a week 1 time, and attend the school for pregnant women.
2. Stay calm and happy.
3. Wide and comfortable clothes; Pay attention to personal hygiene.
4. Pay attention to supplement nutrition and ensure the intake of various nutrients.
5, prevent anemia, iron supplementation every day from the 20th week of pregnancy.
6. Take appropriate outdoor activities, start pregnant women gymnastics, and start prenatal education with her husband.
7. Nutrition: Reasonable and balanced nutrition is the material basis for maintaining the health of pregnant women and the growth and development of the fetus, but excessive intake will cause the fetus to be too large and make delivery difficult. Pay attention to the collocation of coarse grain flour and rice and vegetarian dishes in daily diet, eat well in breakfast, eat enough in Chinese food and eat less in dinner.
2. Life tips for expectant mothers in the second trimester
1, dress
With the increase of the belly and the number of prenatal examinations, pregnant women's clothes should be loose and easy to put on and take off. In order to prevent the abnormality caused by catching cold around the navel, the straight crotch of underwear can be slightly longer and the waistband should not be tightened. The outer pants can be strap-type slacks.
Step 2 sleep position
It is better to lie on the left. This can avoid compressing the inferior vena cava, ensure smooth blood circulation and reduce the pressure on the back and abdomen.
Step 3 work
You can work properly in the second trimester, mainly paying attention to two points: don't be tired and don't touch toxic and harmful substances. It is necessary to properly handle the relationship with superiors and colleagues, avoid infecting them with bad emotions during pregnancy, and ask them to understand the various inconveniences of a pregnant woman and take care of them.
3. The main contents of health care in the second trimester
First, check up on time to ensure health.
Hospitals in different places may have different requirements. Generally, after twelve weeks, they will go to the hospital to file files for inspection. There are no special circumstances in the second trimester. In addition to routine examinations, these examinations in the second trimester are also important:
1. Down's screening/noninvasive DNA testing: (15-20 weeks) Mid-term Down's screening can be done during this period. Down's screening and non-invasive are two common methods to check whether the fetus has Down's syndrome. It mainly detects the risk assessment of fetal congenital malformation or congenital mental retardation and diseases caused by genetic factors and improper medication during pregnancy. The price of non-invasive testing is better, and I heard that the test results are more accurate. You can consult a doctor for details, and the doctor will make suggestions according to your age and specific situation.
Note: Down's screening and non-invasive doctors generally require fasting tests. Generally, people who need blood tests will go to the test on an empty stomach for fear of affecting the test results. They often prepare a snack to carry with them, which can replenish their physical strength after the exam.
2. Four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound: (20 -28 weeks) Four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, also known as systemic abnormality, can rule out the risk of infant malformation. Some hospitals in Siwei need to make an appointment more than one month in advance and also need to consult a doctor. It is not good to be too early or too late.
3. Screening for gestational diabetes: (24 -28 weeks) Some people usually have no diabetes, but they will get gestational diabetes during pregnancy. This test also requires an empty stomach test, and you can't drink a drop of water. The test took a long time and was accompanied.
Second, combine work and rest and exercise properly.
You must ensure adequate sleep and regular work and rest during pregnancy. Proper exercise is also needed in the second trimester to avoid excessive weight gain, and proper exercise is also conducive to the healthy development of the baby.
Third, a reasonable diet ensures nutrition.
The more you eat, the better, and the faster you gain weight during pregnancy, which shows that the idea that the baby grows fast is wrong. There are many factors that affect the fetal size, such as genetic factors, placental function, hormones in the body and so on. On the contrary, pregnant mothers eat too much food, which leads to excessive weight gain and many dangerous complications, such as hypertension and gestational diabetes, which will endanger the health of pregnant mothers and babies. Pregnant mothers should eat less and eat more, and increase the intake of fruits and vegetables.
Fourth, it is particularly important to supplement calcium and iron.
In the second trimester, the baby grows rapidly and needs more nutrition. Babies need nutrition from their mothers. At this time, it may lead to maternal iron deficiency anemia. Iron is an essential element to form hemoglobin, and hemoglobin is needed for the transmission of oxygen. With enough oxygen, nutrition can be transmitted well. Therefore, pregnant mothers must eat more iron-rich foods, such as animal viscera, lean meat, egg yolk, bean products and other iron-rich foods. If necessary, they can consult a doctor about drug supplements and health products to supplement iron. In addition, pregnant mothers should also supplement calcium in moderation, which can be supplemented by food. If you need calcium tablets, you need to consult a doctor. The more you add, the better. Adding too much may also aggravate the constipation of pregnant mothers and even affect the health of the fetus!
4. Daily necessities in the second trimester
1. When standing in the second trimester, your feet should be parallel and slightly separated, and your weight should be placed on the center of your feet, so that your body will not be easily tired.
2, when walking in the second trimester, pay attention to the pelvis slightly forward, the upper body is raised, the shoulders are slightly backward, the jaw is restrained, the chest is closed, and the abdomen is prominent, so as to maintain the whole body balance, but avoid standing for a long time.
3. When lying flat in the second trimester, take the supine position before pregnancy 16 weeks. You can put a pillow under your leg to relax. After pregnancy 16 weeks, taking lateral position is helpful to eliminate muscle tension, relieve fatigue and help sleep. In order to prevent the enlarged stomach from compressing the great abdominal vessels and affecting the blood return to the heart.
4. When you sit down in the second trimester, choose a chair with a backrest. Sit deeply in the chair, straighten your upper body and lean back comfortably. The height of the chair should be at right angles to the hip joint and knee joint, and the thigh should be parallel to the ground.
When moving light things, you should bend your legs and squat down first, and then stand up by your body.
5. How to do prenatal education in the second trimester?
It can be carried out in the following three aspects:
1, choose the music that pregnant women like, mainly pleasant light music.
Beautiful music can make pregnant women secrete more substances such as acetylcholine, improve the blood flow in the uterus, thus promoting the growth and development of the fetus, and also make the fetus stable and calm in the uterus. The rhythmic vibration of music is also a good stimulus to the development of fetal brain and will promote the development of fetal brain.
2. Parents sing to the fetus. Parents' singing is a good stimulus to the fetus, which can promote the healthy development of the fetal brain and is also a channel for parents to establish their initial feelings with the fetus.
3. Prenatal microphone. Prenatal microphone requires non-magnetism, and the music frequency range is 500 ~ 1500 Hz. Choose music with low noise and simple musical instruments, listen to relaxed and cheerful music during the day to make the fetus excited, and listen to soft serenade at night to make the fetus fall asleep. It can stimulate the fetus through the abdominal wall and promote the brain development of the fetus. The time should be chosen when the fetal movement is frequent, generally 5 ~ 10 minutes each time, which can be combined with language prenatal education. If the fetus has strong movement when touching, it should be suspended, indicating that the fetus does not accept touching and let the fetus rest for a while first. If pregnant women have premature contractions, it is not appropriate to do prenatal education.