First, the harm to human health
People can't live without clean air, and polluted air will directly threaten our health. Air pollution is harmful to people in many ways, mainly manifested in respiratory diseases and physiological dysfunction, as well as irritation to mucous membranes such as eyes and nose, which can cause acute or chronic poisoning and even life-threatening.
Second, the harm to plants
Air pollutants, especially sulfur dioxide and fluoride, are very harmful to plants. High concentration of pollutants will cause acute damage to plants, causing leaf spot or leaf withering and falling off; Low concentrations of pollutants will cause chronic damage to plants, turn leaves green or affect their physiological functions, which will eventually lead to the decline of plant yield and deterioration of plant quality.
Three. Impact on weather and climate:
1, reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground: a large number of air pollutants enter the atmosphere, which will make the air very turbid, form smog, block the sun and reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground. Insufficient sunshine will affect the growth and development of plants and people.
2. Increase atmospheric precipitation: Many particles emitted by large industrial cities have the function of condensation nuclei of water vapor, which will combine with water vapor in the air to form rainfall. In the downwind areas of some big industrial cities, there will be more precipitation.
3. Acid rain: Air pollutants produced by industry usually contain sulfur dioxide. When it rains, sulfur dioxide will be oxidized into sulfuric acid, leading to acid rain. The corrosion of sulfuric acid rain will destroy a large area of forests and crops, destroy paper products, textiles and leather products, pollute and destroy buildings, degrade metal antirust coatings and reduce protection.
4. Raise the atmospheric temperature: In heavily industrialized cities, a large amount of waste heat is discharged into the atmosphere, which will make the air temperature near the ground higher than that in the surrounding suburbs. This is the so-called "heat island effect".
5. Impact on global climate: A major impact of air pollution is the greenhouse effect. Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and freon are continuously discharged into the atmosphere, which warms the global climate through heat preservation, bringing dangers such as melting icebergs, rising sea levels and inundation of coastal cities. Affected by the greenhouse effect, the average temperature has increased in recent decades, and winter has become less cold than before. If the emission of greenhouse gases is not controlled, the greenhouse effect will affect the survival and development of all mankind in a few years.
Preventive measures of air pollution
1, afforestation
To prevent and control air pollution, we can plant trees and strengthen greening. In our daily life, we can plant some potted plants on the balcony and indoors without damaging the urban greening, such as trampling on the lawn and picking flowers.
2. Control automobile exhaust emissions
Nowadays, the country has also issued a series of words to encourage the development of new fuels, such as reducing automobile exhaust emissions. In our daily life, we should try to reduce the use of cars. We can choose green modes of travel such as bus, subway and cycling.
3. Change the fuel composition
Nowadays, with the continuous development of new energy technologies such as solar energy and wind energy, the state is also strengthening the management of factory exhaust gas. Factories can use non-toxic raw materials, giving priority to low-sulfur fuels. Before the waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere, the flue gas should be desulfurized, and fly ash can be made into cement. In our daily life, we can use geothermal energy, natural gas and other environmentally friendly fuels.