Bioinformatics based on genome genetics and genome chip, closely interacting with system medicine theory and automatic communication technology, accelerates the industrialization process from scientific research to engineering application, and its application in medicine will also lead to the rapid shortening of the distance between basic and clinical.
The development history of modern medicine shows that the breakthrough of medicine in the future depends on the intersection and combination with other disciplines; 2 1 century, medicine will pay more attention to the medical model of "environment-society-psychology-engineering-biology", and pay more attention to the overall medical concept and the study of complex systems.
Translational medicine came into being under this background, which conforms to the internal and objective laws of the development of medical science. Translational medicine was formally put forward by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2003, and has been paid more and more attention by the medical community all over the world.
In China, translational medicine has become an important national policy in the biomedical field. The guide to the "Proposal of the Central Committee on Formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" points out: "Take translational medicine as the core, vigorously improve the level of medical science and technology, and strengthen the construction of key disciplines of medicine and health."
The strategic study of "Healthy China 2020" led by Professor Han Qide and Professor Sang Guowei, which lasted for two years, also put forward: "Promote the transformation of medical model beneficial to national health; Relying on scientific and technological progress to promote the development of health care. "
Extended data:
First, a broad understanding.
Translational medicine has a broader significance, which refers to the development and application of patient-centered new technologies, emphasizing early examination of patients and early evaluation of diseases. In modern medical care, we see that the research process is developing towards a more open and patient-centered direction, and we are tolerant of research-based medical clinical practice.
Traditional basic research and clinical practice are separated by a series of obstacles, which are like "fences". The research and development of new drugs is carried out in a laboratory isolated from clinic, and it is inevitable to be "thrown over the fence" when safety testing and clinical trials are needed. Many pharmaceutical companies are establishing translational medicine teams to strengthen the communication between basic research and clinical medicine.
As can be seen from the above definition, translational medicine advocates patient-centered, finds and puts forward problems from clinical work, basic researchers conduct in-depth research, and then quickly turn basic scientific research achievements into clinical applications, and basic and clinical scientific and technological workers work closely together to improve the overall medical level.
Therefore, the transformation of medical research advocates breaking the previous model of limited cooperation between a single discipline or research groups, and emphasizes that multi-disciplines form research groups, give full play to their respective advantages and work together.
Second, related applications
1, application of new biomarkers in clinical disease detection
2. Accelerate the research on new drugs.
According to the data of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), only 30% of the new drugs with good preclinical effects can pass the phase III clinical trial. More drugs were eliminated because of toxicity, internal distribution and other reasons, and did not show better efficacy than existing drugs.
In order to reduce the great risk of new drug research and development, it is necessary to study translational medicine, compare the differences between animal experiments and human clinical research, and speed up new drug research and development.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-translational medicine