1. Environmental factors
(1) Natural environmental risk factors include biological risk factors (such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites), physical risk factors (such as noise, vibration and ionizing radiation) and chemical risk factors (such as poisons, pesticides, waste gas and sewage).
(2) Social environmental risk factors include politics, economic income, education, employment, living conditions, family relations, psychological stimulation, work pressure and various life events.
2. Behavioral lifestyle factors
It refers to the health risk factors caused by one's own behavior and lifestyle, which are called self-created risk factors. Behavioral lifestyle is closely related to common chronic diseases or social diseases. Bad behaviors and lifestyles include smoking, drinking, staying up late, abusing poison, unreasonable diet, lack of exercise, unreasonable driving and so on.
3. Biological genetic factors
Including diseases directly related to heredity and diseases in which heredity interacts with other risk factors such as age, sex, race, genetic history of diseases, height and weight.
4. Medical and health service elements
It refers to various factors that are not conducive to the protection and promotion of health in the medical and health service system, including low medical quality, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, cross-infection in hospitals, and imperfect medical system.