The psychological problems of primary school students are influenced by both their own growth factors and external environmental factors, and are the result of the comprehensive action of "internal causes" and "external causes", which can be summarized as follows:
1, the imbalance of physical and mental growth.
Great changes have taken place in the physical development of primary school students. They have no experience, lack of knowledge and experience, and their cognitive ability, understanding, thinking ability and feelings are far behind those of adults. This imbalance between physical development and psychological development has caused many puzzles, troubles and anxieties among primary school students, resulting in psychological problems.
2. The misunderstanding of family education.
Overindulgence and high expectations make family education generally tend to ignore social education such as moral development, personality education, practical ability and social responsibility. Parents only pay attention to their children's exams and further studies, but they don't pay attention to their moral development, communication skills, personality cultivation and social behavior norms. When parents' high expectations are inconsistent with their children's own needs, they always impose their wishes on their children's wishful thinking, which will make teenagers feel depressed and dissatisfied, cause psychological diseases such as doubt and depression, and lead to high scores, low energy and unhealthy psychology.
3. The misunderstanding of school education.
Under pressure, some schools and teachers have to try their best to pursue the enrollment rate and create a famous brand effect. Achievement has become the only criterion for evaluating students' ability. If students' emotional troubles cannot be told to teachers and parents in time, it will cause psychological stress and form psychological barriers. The development of mental health education in primary schools in different regions is very uneven, especially there are still some unhealthy tendencies such as discipline, medicine, one-sidedness, formalization and isolation.
4. The influence of social environment.
School education shows students positive education; Nowadays, various ideological trends are impacting our society, and there is a strong contrast between the simple educational content and the complicated social life, which leads students to fall into a situation of no finger and no attachment. The confusion of students' thoughts and emotional fluctuations are also one of the reasons for the formation of psychological obstacles.
Third, the main countermeasures to deal with the psychological barriers of primary school students
As the saying goes, "heart disease needs heart medicine." Although the causes of mental illness are complex and difficult to deal with, they are not innate, let alone incurable. The key is to put people first and prescribe the right medicine to get positive results. In practice, I think the following methods can be adopted:
1, eliminating rebellious psychology-communication.
First of all, we should cultivate students' social adaptability, and ask them to hone their thoughts and sentiments, establish a correct outlook on life and the world, and be a talented person who contributes to society. Secondly, they are required to understand adults in a positive sense, so that students can understand that parents and teachers are well-intentioned criticisms. Parents and teachers can also make people, and normal people, feel happy and unhappy and make mistakes. As long as we understand these things with a tolerant attitude, we will not be rebellious; Third, educate students to know themselves correctly, grasp themselves and strive to improve themselves. I often remind myself to exercise restraint, communicate more, increase trust and learn more. Finally, parents and teachers are required to pay more attention to their children's psychological needs, keep abreast of their thoughts and actions, listen to their voices, understand their joys and sorrows, put down their elders' airs and establish an equal relationship with their children.
2. Eliminate inferiority and loneliness-enhance self-confidence.
There are many reasons for inferiority and loneliness. Generally speaking, the main reasons are physiological reasons, setbacks and psychological trauma, personality factors, family education problems and unsatisfied needs. The key to eliminating inferiority and loneliness is to be satisfied with your existing strength! Teachers should help students analyze their own advantages, make correct evaluations and give full play to their own strengths; Secondly, do everything possible to improve your self-confidence. We join hands with teachers of various subjects to enhance students' self-confidence and prevent them from feeling that they can't do anything well. Finally, it is to guide students to overcome their inferiority by assiduously making up their shortcomings and fostering their strengths and avoiding their weaknesses. Teachers should help these students find their own breakthrough and make achievements in a certain aspect through hard work.
3. Eliminate sensitive and fragile psychology-cultivate will.
To eliminate fragile psychology, we must first guide students to establish a correct outlook on life and world and improve their cognitive level; Secondly, improve students' self-control level and cultivate frustration tolerance; Third, overcome the pessimistic and negative mentality and establish self-confidence and self-motivation; Finally, it is to teach students how to release negative emotions and get rid of pessimism and disappointment, that is, to improve students' psychological endurance by organizing students to participate in social practice, cultivating various interests to divert attention, making more intimate friends, and seeking help from social forces (such as seeing a psychologist).