If I ask you a question: "What is health?" Most people will definitely say, "health means not getting sick!" " Indeed, for a long time, people's concept of health was limited to "physical illness". In fact, a healthy person should be "physically healthy" and mentally healthy. Positive emotions, tenacious will, clear cognition and healthy personality all constitute the excellent psychological quality that we must have to meet the future society.
People often confuse mental illness with ideological problems, and many mental illnesses are treated as ideological and cognitive problems, which will inevitably backfire. So what is psychology? Psychology refers to people's inner activities such as thoughts and feelings. If you are a person, you will have mental illness, but China people are often reluctant to admit that you have mental illness, because in our concept, we often equate "mental illness" with "personality". When we find someone with mental illness, we will call their family members "mental illness". In America, there are always two people around a successful person, one is a lawyer and the other is a psychologist. This shows that Americans attach great importance to psychological problems.
Since mental illness is called a disease, it has the general characteristics of physical illness, namely universality, infectivity, self-healing and repetition.
1, Universality: This year (1997), China Youth Daily made a survey on mental health in June, and admitted that their recent mental state was quite high, such as anxiety, headache, insomnia, hostility, suspicion, jealousy, inferiority, irritability and pessimism. The modern society we face is a high-speed and fast-paced modern society, full of competition and challenges. Today, with the increasing social pressure and fierce competition, people's mental illness will inevitably become more and more serious.
2. infectivity: I told outstanding students at the meeting that I am very busy and tired now, and sometimes some students complain about the large amount of homework and exams. But excellent students should not do this. Why? Because this kind of emotion is contagious, it will greatly affect students' enthusiasm for learning. In an article in February, 1997, China Youth Daily reported that a director in his fifties committed suicide. The reason, according to expert analysis, is that people who want to commit suicide on the phone for a long time often hear the negative side of life (and many of these are facts), which has a negative psychological impact on him. In addition, despite his hard work, some people finally came to a dead end, which made him feel discouraged and disappointed. This negative psychological influence has shrouded him for a long time, making him suffer from serious mental illness. In some other places, there are also suicides among psychological researchers, which is noteworthy. Teachers who accompany their children all their lives, because of the long-term psychological influence of their children's liveliness, many people are still childlike and full of vigor, although they reach middle age and old age.
3. Curability: Mental illness can be divided into three levels according to the degree: the lightest is psychological disorder and psychological fragility; Severe cases will develop into mental neurosis, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobia, depression, neurasthenia and so on. What's more serious is mental disorder.
Since mental illness is also a disease, it can certainly be cured. Mental health is a kind of ability, and like other abilities, it can be cultivated under the guidance of theory. The age group with high incidence of this disease has a characteristic, that is, prismatic distribution. Children (early childhood) can be said to have few psychological diseases because there is no great frustration and pressure. Data show that 40%-50% of young students have psychological problems.
I remember a song in the foreign TV series "Handsome Boy" sang like this: "Little boy, he seldom worries, and his eyes are fixed on four star lights; Little boy, little trouble, I hope it will be so good forever. As he grows older, he has more and more troubles. " This is because children at this stage are young, have little social experience, and often can't adjust their psychology well, so that they bear a heavy psychological burden. At this stage, there are many topics in students' weekly diary, such as excessive study pressure, conflicts with parents and classmates.
When I go to college, although I have cultural knowledge, I still lack social experience and my psychological problems are more serious. There is a good saying: "the richer the spiritual world, the sadder the real life;" The nobler the spiritual world, the more unfortunate it is in real life! " In recent years, college students' suicides caused by mental illness have occurred from time to time, which has also attracted people's attention.
In old age, because they are experienced and well-informed, ordinary life setbacks are hard to knock them down, and they can make psychological adjustments.
Therefore, people often say: the beauty of children lies in innocence, the beauty of youth lies in vigor, and the beauty of old age lies in freedom.
Although with the increase of age and the change of external environment, most patients with mental illness can heal themselves, mental health education is still imperative for the healthy growth of teenagers.
4. Cycle: the tide rises and falls, winter goes to spring, flowers bloom and fall, the sun and the moon change, and everything is in a cycle of change. People's emotions are no exception, with ups and downs, good and bad. As long as people are in contact with the outside world, there will always be all kinds of difficulties. When a psychological problem is solved, new problems will arise. A mental illness is cured, but once the right conditions are met, it will recur.
So, what are the psychological problems faced by middle school students at present?
1. Stress: How to treat stress? If you have a good bow, if you pull it too tightly, the string will break; It's too loose to shoot arrows. So the necessary pressure should still be there. Pessimists often regard stress as a mountain, which they carry all day and are finally crushed by it. For confident people, pressure is the source of stimulating creativity, the auxiliary wing of career success and the cause of motivation. Therefore, without pressure, there is no motivation.
It has been scientifically proved that graphite can be turned into diamond by artificially changing the arrangement of atoms at 5- 10 atmospheric pressure and 1200-2000℃. It can be seen that stress can work miracles. Balzac, a French writer, used to do business, but he ended up in debt. Creditors came to his door one after another, and he had to work day and night to pay off his debts, and wrote dozens of novels in a few years. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's industry had just started. Wang Jinxi, an iron man who worked in the anniversary oil field, saw our car running around with airbags on his back because of the lack of gasoline, and deeply felt the heavy burden as an oil worker. Under the pressure of "China is poor in oil" asserted by foreign experts, China's oil industry has finally developed through the efforts of several generations of oil workers. It can be seen that pressure is precisely the catalyst for successful people to succeed.
Of course, pulling different bows with the same force, some bows can shoot arrows far away, and some are broken. It seems that the endurance of the bow is also very important. Therefore, in the face of increasing social pressure, it is most important to adjust your mentality and face the pressure with a healthy and optimistic attitude towards life.
A middle school student wrote in his diary: "The pressure of society will only increase. But for my goal, I have to face the reality. Always cheer yourself up, so I have confidence and motivation. I will try to maintain a good attitude, so that I can easily devote myself to my study and not bow to pressure. "
2. Frustration and misfortune: Frustration and misfortune are the best universities for a growing middle school student. If a person has never tasted hunger and thirst, he will never enjoy the sweetness of food and water; If he had not experienced difficulties and setbacks, he would not have tasted the joy of success. Therefore, "difficulties are an abyss for the weak, but wealth for the strong." (Balzac) In setbacks, you can inspire a strong fighting spirit. It is precisely because of this that the famous saying "adversity makes talents" came into being.
In recent years, frustration education has attracted more and more attention in the topic of cultivating cross-century talents. Let students get rid of their habit of pampering themselves in a hard environment, sharpen their strong will, learn the confidence and skills of "chasing light in the dark", cultivate their resilience, toughness and tolerance for setbacks, so as to learn to get happiness from others or the outside world and stimulate an instinct to find happiness from the deep heart. In this way, we can remain calm and optimistic in the face of any difficulties and setbacks, which is priceless in life.
Therefore, real gold is not afraid of fire, and the strong are tempered in adversity. "Since ancient times, great people have suffered a lot, and there has never been a great person." Miracles are mostly caused by bad luck.
The survey shows that 1997 has 65,438+million "miserable children" in Shanghai alone, including disabled people and single-parent families; They are faced with where to go, and their parents are laid off; Some of them are very ill and will even live in pain all their lives.
The growth of The Bitter Child tells us that adversity can be an opportunity to temper one's character and perseverance. The hard living environment has honed their will, cultivated their ability to live independently and enhanced their sense of responsibility; Heavy study tasks did not overwhelm them. With the spirit of tenacious struggle, they have achieved excellent results. The disease didn't scare them. They overcame bad luck with extraordinary perseverance and realized the value of life. The indomitable spirit of children in difficulties will train them into excellent people. ...
3. Jealousy: Jealousy is a terrible dark psychology when people get along and compete with each other. It is a morbid psychology to be afraid of others when you can't do it yourself. As Hegel said: "A jealous person can't achieve great things by himself, so he tries to underestimate the greatness of others and belittle the greatness of others to make it consistent with himself." This narrow mentality can't adapt to the future development.
What is jealousy and what is competition?
For example, two people run, one in front and one in the back. The man behind thought that the man in front had better trip over the stone, so that I could pass him. This is jealousy-jealousy is based on the failure of others; On the other hand, if the people behind me want to, I will run like hell to overtake him, and I must overtake him. This is competition-competition is based on my own efforts.
Being jealous means that you can do it, and it also means that you can't; Take a big step forward and others will not gossip. Because those people are only interested in people around them. Only those who are in a good state of mind and know both competition and detachment will succeed. Only those who are jealous of breaking up can achieve excellent results.
Therefore, when you face all kinds of difficulties and misfortunes in life, maintaining a healthy psychology, having a sound cognitive ability, moderate emotional reflection, strong will quality, harmonious personality structure and good interpersonal relationship will be an important guarantee for your success. A study by Harvard University shows that 85% of personal achievements are due to positive and healthy emotions. A good mood can make people face life positively, and the efficiency of studying and living is also high. Having a good attitude to bear setbacks is also an important symbol of a person's quality. The real difference between the weak and the strong lies in their psychological quality.
There are many ways to keep a healthy mind. There are two aspects here:
1. Self-restraint and catharsis: Since psychology is always associated with the outside world, it is not surprising that mood swings and abnormalities occur due to external changes. Through conscious control, mental illness can be eliminated. When you find that you have psychological problems, you can actively seek help, such as talking to people you trust and getting their comfort, support and encouragement. Vent through various ways, such as listening to music, writing unhappiness in a diary, expressing the bad emotions accumulated in the heart in a reasonable way, and reducing psychological pressure. You can also imply yourself. Positive hints will boost your confidence and lead you to success. Negative hints can make people depressed and even superstitious.
2. Put it another way: Although psychological problems are not equal to people's morality, personality and outlook on life, people's mental health is indeed closely related to people's attitude towards life.
In the history of China literature, there are two famous writers in the Tang Dynasty. One is Liu Yuxi, who is famous for his Humble Room Inscription, and the other is Liu Zongyuan, who wrote The Snake Catcher. They are good friends, and they all have the experience of being demoted because their careers are not smooth. However, Liu Yuxi is broad-minded and optimistic about life. Although he was relegated, he was able to decorate his humble room with "moss marks on the upper floor and grass color on the curtain", pursue elegant life interest, have a heart-to-heart talk with "literati", keep a healthy attitude with "Su Qin" and "Jin Jing", and live for over 70 years. However, after Liu Zongyuan was demoted, he was in a bad mood for a long time, and his blood stagnated, which eventually led to his early death. He lived only 46 years old, and even his collection of works "Liuhe East Collection" was not sorted out in time. Liu Yuxi helped him tidy it up.
It can be seen that a positive attitude towards life is closely related to mental health.