First, the teaching purpose:
(1) basically understand the normal structure of the human body and the terms and names of various parts, and learn the correct posture of sitting, standing, walking, reading and writing.
(2) Being able to do personal hygiene and protect eyes and teeth consciously and independently, and knowing how to overcome and overcome bad hygiene habits and eating habits can not be achieved overnight, but requires persistent efforts.
(3) Precautions and safety requirements for home, travel, outing, sports and swimming.
(4) Understand the relationship between man and nature, know the role of flowers and trees in improving the environment, consciously protect the environment, take good care of flowers and trees, do not spit everywhere, and do not throw fruits, peels, shells, sundries and garbage.
(5) Enhance students' awareness and ability of self-care, so as to achieve the purpose of disease prevention and health care.
Teaching emphasis and difficulty: the relationship between hand hygiene and health. How to keep your hands clean?
Teaching aid preparation: wall chart
Teaching process:
First, hand hygiene.
1. At the beginning of the class, let the students check each other whether their hands are clean and whether they cut their nails, and introduce the new lesson.
2. Teach new lessons and ask questions:
(1) What disease can eating with dirty hands cause?
(Ascaris, pinworm, diarrhea, dysentery, viral hepatitis)
(2) Under what circumstances should we wash our hands?
(After eating and defecating, after work and play, after touching patients and articles used by patients)
(3) Why can't I have long nails?
There are more bacteria and eggs hidden in the dirt under the nails.
(4) Talk about how to wash your hands in combination with the wall chart.
Be careful, run water, use soap, wash them all, don't be careless, dry them, wash your hands frequently, leave no one behind, and don't borrow other people's advice.
Wipe your hands, not to mention your clothes and pants.
3, the effect of inspection, the use of morning inspection or spot check, check the hygiene of students' hands.
4. After class, find out whether students develop the hygienic habit of washing hands before meals, after defecation, after work and after games.
[Blackboard design] Hand hygiene
Wash your hands: be careful of running water,
Wash it with soap
Do it without carelessness.
Wash your hands frequently and leave no one behind.
Second, don't eat bad food.
Teaching purpose: to let students know the influence of bad food on health.
Teaching emphasis and difficulty: the harm of spoiled food to health.
teaching process
1, imported, in our daily life, we often encounter this situation: after eating, our stomach is very uncomfortable (pain, abdomen
Diarrhea, vomiting, please talk about personal experience), do you know why? Because of eating unclean food, for us.
Students, come to this class to study? Don't eat bad food? Write on the blackboard.
2. What is spoiled food? Refers to food contaminated by bacteria, toxins and eggs. Eating these foods will cause food poisoning.
What are the perishable foods (canned food, fruit, meat, etc.)? )?
3. Symptoms of food poisoning: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness and fatigue. This may even be serious.
Life; Contaminated food can also cause infectious diseases such as dysentery, typhoid fever, hepatitis and parasites.
4. How to prevent food poisoning? Discuss and record in groups of four, and send representatives to answer.
5, the teacher concluded: eat clean food, rotten, smelly, rotten, unclean food and fruit can not be eaten, tableware should be clean,
Don't mess with the food on the stall, and pay attention to buying food.
Third, protect your eyesight.
Teaching purpose:
1, let students know the principle of myopia and the causes of myopia.
2. Let students know how to protect their eyesight when watching TV, and pay attention to eye hygiene.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
1, correct incorrect reading and writing posture.
2. Let students master the eye hygiene when watching TV.
teaching process
First, import
Example introduction: the eyes are the windows to the soul?
Second, the formation of myopia.
Eyes can see things beyond 6 meters without strengthening diopter, but things within 6 meters must be strengthened diopter to see clearly. To strengthen the diopter, you need to contract the eye muscles, just like the camera adjusts the focal length when taking pictures. The more carefully you observe something, the stronger the adjustment activity; Seeing things at close range for too long without proper rest will make eyes tired from long-term adjustment activities. Over time, the contracted muscles can't relax naturally, which makes the eyes only suitable for seeing nearby objects, resulting in myopia. However, this kind of myopia is not necessarily true myopia at first. If it is not treated and prevented in time, it may develop into true myopia in the future, and it is more difficult to prevent it at this time.
Third, eye hygiene.
Students do not pay attention to reading and writing posture, and their handwriting is vague and light. They read and write in too strong or too weak light and lie on the floor.
Bad habits such as sleeping, walking and reading by car. It is easy to strengthen refractive adjustment activities and make eye muscles continue to contract.
Moreover, due to excessive and lasting regulatory activities, metabolites accumulate, which in turn stimulates eye muscles to strengthen contraction. Although near
There are many reasons for visual fatigue, which can be inherited, but students' myopia is mainly caused by acquired. Still lack some nutrients.
It's easy to get myopia.
Fourth, the methods to protect eyesight mainly include:
(1) The handwriting should be neat.
(2) when reading and writing, the distance between the eyes and the book is not less than 0.25 0.3 meters. ..
(3) Read and write for about half an hour, and you need to rest for 5- 10 minutes.
(4) Don't read in the dark or strong light, and don't read in bed, while walking or riding a bike.
Students who wear glasses should clean their lenses and frames every day.
Five, TV screen damage to the eyes
The picture on the TV screen is made up of 900,000 blinking dots. Watching TV is like reading a book in a rocking car.
Sample, eyes extremely tired. Especially at close range, the facula is more obvious, the eyes are more affected, and the intensity of refractive adjustment is also the same.
Strengthen, the eyes are more prone to fatigue. According to the calculation of 3546 cm TV, the distance should be five times the diagonal of the screen, at least a lot.
The distance is 2 meters.
Eye hygiene when watching TV with intransitive verbs
When the brightness of the TV picture differs greatly from the brightness of the surrounding environment, the eyes are also prone to fatigue. When you watch TV at night, you should be indoors.
Turn on a lamp (below 8 watts) and put it behind and above the viewer; When watching TV during the day, you should use colored curtains to cover doors and windows, and the brightness is appropriate.
Adjust the ratio to an appropriate state.
Eyes usually look forward, down and forward, especially forward and down. Television should be placed where it can be seen.
The front and bottom of the audience. Lying and watching TV, the muscles of the head and neck are particularly tense, and the eyes are looking up from the bottom, which is easy to hurt the eyes.
Fatigue impairs vision.
Watching TV for too long continuously and sitting for a long time are good for vision, blood circulation, joints and muscles.
Adverse effects. So, after watching TV for half an hour, you should massage your eyes or close your eyes to have a rest. You'd better protect your eyes.
At the same time of aerobic exercise, exercise can relax muscles and joints, and it is also beneficial to blood circulation.
Seven. abstract