Human life must be maintained by diet. People's quality of life and mental psychology are closely related to diet and nutrition. People's intelligence, physical strength, learning ability, sports ability, disease prevention ability, rehabilitation ability, reproductive ability, life expectancy, height and weight are also inextricably linked with nutritious diet. Unbalanced nutrient intake can cause many diseases. Therefore, reasonable nutrition and balanced diet are important measures to prevent diseases. 1. What is reasonable nutrition? Reasonable nutrition refers to the food suitable for various situations (age, sex, physiological status, labor load, health status, etc.), the recommended dietary supply and proportion. Reasonable nutrition can maintain the normal physiological function of human body, promote health and growth, improve the body's labor ability, resistance and immunity, and is conducive to the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Lack of reasonable nutrition will cause obstacles and even malnutrition or overnutrition diseases (obesity and atherosclerosis, etc.). According to the research of modern nutrition, various nutrients needed by human body are divided into six categories, namely protein, fat, carbohydrates (carbohydrates), inorganic salts (including trace elements), vitamins and dietary fiber. These nutrients not only have a quantitative demand, but also have an appropriate proportion. Second, the relationship between reasonable nutrition and human health. Nutrition is a process in which organisms constantly take in the substances they need from the outside to maintain their life activities. For people, nutrition is the whole process of taking food from the outside, digesting and utilizing the substances needed by the body in food to maintain life activities. These substances needed to maintain the normal growth, development and metabolism of the body are called "nutrients".
How to achieve reasonable nutrition? According to the characteristics of China residents' dietary structure, the Balanced Dietary Pagoda of China residents designed by China Nutrition Society vividly points out the reasonable dietary structure of human beings: the bottom layer is plant food, including bread, cereal, rice and noodles, and each person should eat 300-500 grams per day; The second layer is vegetables and fruits, which should be eaten 400-500 grams each day; The penultimate layer is fish, meat, poultry and eggs, which should be eaten125-200g every day (50g of fish and shrimp, 50-100g of livestock and poultry meat and 25-50g of eggs); Milk and beans occupy the fourth floor together, and milk and dairy products 100g are eaten every day. The top layer of 50g of beans and bean products is oil, not exceeding 25g every day. Nutritionists believe that a normal adult should consume 20%-25% of the total calories in terms of calories. For example, a person weighing 60 kilograms should consume 50-90 grams of fat every day.