Problem description:
What is the effect of "Zero Thousand" Qiandi Oral Liquid on lead excretion?
Analysis:
Excessive lead can affect children's intelligence, including speaking ability, memory and attention. At the same time, it may affect the child's height or suffer from mild anemia, and it may also cause the child's ADHD.
The definition of the US Centers for Disease Control divides children's blood lead levels into five levels.
Level 1:
Class IIA: 0.483-0.676 μ g/L (10 ~ 14 μ g/dl)
Iiib: 0.724-0.917 μ g/l (15 ~ 19 μ g/dl)
Grade III: 0.965-2.123 μ mol/L (20-44 μ g/dl)
Grade V: ≥3.78 μ mol/L (70 μ g/dl)
Grade I is a safe blood lead level, and grades II to V have lead poisoning in different degrees.
I-III blood lead level table should be reviewed every three months. At the same time, pay attention to eat less lead-containing foods (such as dried rice flowers and baked potato chips), avoid contact with lead-containing things, stay away from lead-contaminated places, eat more foods rich in vitamin C, and eat more foods containing calcium, iron (such as fish, meat, eggs, blood, liver, black fungus) and zinc (meat, seafood). For grade V, please go to the pediatric hospital immediately to expel lead and use drugs to drive lead.
What should children do with lead poisoning?
Parents can take the following measures when they find that their children have symptoms of lead poisoning:
If the child's blood lead is found to exceed the standard, he should actively cooperate with the treatment according to the doctor's advice and treatment plan, take nutritional supplements, or take health food with the effects of promoting lead excretion and resisting lead to reduce the absorption and accumulation of lead in the body.
Check the blood lead in three months.
Suggestion: Even if your child does not find lead poisoning, lead screening should be conducted regularly, preferably once every six months, for the sake of children's health.
Lead flooding:
1 lead food
Because the absorption route of lead in the body can compete with calcium, iron, zinc and selenium, if children's diet is rich in calcium, iron, zinc and selenium, the absorption of lead can be reduced.
milk
Protein contained in it can combine with lead in the body to form insoluble compounds, which can greatly reduce the absorption of lead by the human body.
Foods rich in iron and zinc
Kelp, animal liver, animal blood, meat, eggs, etc.
Vitamin C can form lead ascorbate with low solubility with lead in the intestine, which is excreted with feces to reduce the absorption of lead in the intestine.
2 Lead-discharging health food
Lead-removing health food is currently under development, which mainly contains calcium, iron, zinc, selenium and other elements, or health food made of sulfur-containing amino acids, polysaccharides and sulfhydryl-containing foods. These products can promote the discharge of lead from the body, and will play an important role in expelling lead from children, protecting health and preventing lead poisoning.
3 lead-expelling western medicine
Commonly used drugs: disodium edetate, dimercaprol, penicillamine and other injections and oral dimercaptosuccinic acid.
4 traditional Chinese medicine for expelling lead
Chinese herbal medicine with auxiliary effect on lead poisoning;
Lysimachia christinae, licorice, seaweed, kelp, Akebia stem, Prunella vulgaris, honeysuckle, Alisma orientalis, Smilax glabra, water chestnut juice, Spatholobus stem, Folium Pyrrosiae, chrysanthemum, Isatis indigotica, Folium Isatidis, Plantago asiatica, Lygodium japonicum, Malva seed, etc.
All drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
etcd/ny？ unid=607
Disclosure of lead poisoning among children in China
At present, all kinds of propaganda about children's lead poisoning are overwhelming, and the words "lead elimination", "lead demon" and "lead elimination" are filled with some print media. So far, there are countless "lead prevention centers" and "lead discharge guidance centers" in large, medium and small cities. As early as the second half of last year, a large-scale "blood lead screening" appeared in Beijing, and many children took "lead-removing health care products".
In Shanghai, there are dozens of "free lead detection" outlets, and 7-8 health care products manufacturers promote "lead-driving health care products". There are two "lead-discharging centers" on the first floor of a commercial building in a prosperous area of Shanghai, and the lead-discharging health care products sold can reach up to four or five thousand yuan in a course of treatment, and the business is booming.
Faced with the growing "lead panic" and the misleading propaganda that "most children need to get rid of lead", Professor Shen Xiaoming, vice chairman of the Children's Health Care Society of the Chinese Preventive Medical Association and president of Shanghai Second Medical University, said that the situation of lead poisoning among children in China has been deliberately exaggerated and exploited, and the proportion of children who really need medication or even hospitalization is less than 1%.
Uncover the truth of lead poisoning among children in China.
Lead poisoning is called the hidden killer of children. It is generally believed that children aged 0-6 years are highly sensitive to lead toxicity, and their resistance to lead toxicity will be stronger with age.
In recent years, lead poisoning in children has become the focus of attention from all walks of life. Generally speaking, severe lead poisoning, that is, when children's blood lead level is higher than or equal to 450 μ g/L, can cause children's systemic multi-system damage: such as hematopoietic system damage, causing severe anemia; Damage to liver and kidney function; Damage to digestive system leads to severe abdominal cramps, constipation and nausea and vomiting; The damage of nervous system seriously affects children's intelligence, causing dizziness, headache, and even toxic encephalopathy, coma and death.
Moderate lead poisoning in children can produce mild anemia symptoms; Affect children's behavioral development, leading to impulsive, violent, lonely and other abnormal behaviors; Damage children's memory, attention, reading ability and abstract thinking ability, and affect children's intellectual development; Interfere with children's vitamin D metabolism, affect calcium absorption and even affect physical growth; Some children may have digestive symptoms such as constipation and abdominal pain. Staying at this level for a long time will also increase the chance of developing hypertension in adulthood and even damage the fertility of adulthood.
For children with mild lead poisoning, a large number of studies have confirmed that such blood lead levels still have a certain impact on children's intellectual development. Every time children's blood lead level rises 100 μ g/L, their IQ will drop by 6-8 points.
After 10 years of efforts, especially the strengthening of environmental pollution control, the average blood lead level of children in China showed an obvious downward trend. For example, some large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing and Shanghai have taken the lead in promoting the use of unleaded gasoline since 1997, and the lead concentration in the environment has been greatly reduced; In 1998, Shanghai achieved the goal of liquefied gas rate 100% in urban households, which means that lead pollution in indoor small environment caused by coal burning in households has been eliminated.
At present, the average blood lead level of children in most cities in China is 50-90 μ g/L, and the ratio above 100 μ g/L is 10-40%, and the ratio above 200 μ g/L is less than 1-2%. Children's blood lead level is higher than 450 μ g/L, so it is necessary to use drugs to drive lead.
Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University is the main institution for research and clinical prevention of lead poisoning in China. Many children come to the clinic with worried parents. They once received free lead tests in some commercial units, and found that the lead content in children was "seriously exceeding the standard", and were told that they needed so-called treatment or took thousands of yuan of health care products for a course of treatment.
However, after routine venous blood lead examination, more than 90% of these children's blood lead is within the currently recognized acceptable range. In the last two years, among nearly 3,000 children treated by lead poisoning experts, only 8 children really need lead drainage treatment.
Professor Shen Xiaoming said: We live in a big "lead" world, and lead is almost everywhere. At present, exaggerating the phenomenon of "lead poisoning" does not rule out that some enterprises are for the purpose of economic interests.
Three measures to create "lead panic"
In the mixed team, how do some manufacturers and even medical institutions use lead poisoning to "make money"?
The first trick: "carpet" advertising bombing
A large number of almost overwhelming advertisements about "free lead testing" were carried out in various newspapers and broadcasts. The advertisements listed about 10 cases of non-specific manifestations of lead poisoning, such as hyperactivity, inattention, children's bad eating, hearing and vision impairment, poor study, abdominal pain, decreased immunity and so on. These atypical performances can always make parents face several things, resulting in a situation in which everyone is afraid of themselves.
The second measure: improper detection method to measure lead
For example, zinc chlorin method, a screening index for lead poisoning in children that has been eliminated internationally, or lead detection in urine and hair that is completely meaningless for the diagnosis of lead poisoning. Even if a few places provide blood lead testing, most of them are "one drop of blood" peripheral blood lead testing. In order to diagnose whether the child is really lead poisoned, the method of measuring venous blood lead should be adopted.
The third measure: change the diagnostic criteria of lead poisoning.
It is suggested that as long as the blood lead exceeds 30 μ g/L, it is excessive and lead should be discharged. According to this standard, the vast majority of children should drive lead, and the number of people taking health care products has greatly increased, even as high as 90%!
At present, the internationally recognized standards of lead poisoning in children are: blood lead 100- 199 μ g/l for mild lead poisoning, 200-449 μ g/l for moderate lead poisoning, 450-699 μ g/l for severe lead poisoning and over 700 μ g/l for extremely severe lead poisoning.
In fact, only some children with blood lead level of 250-449 μ g/L need medical treatment, and children with blood lead level above 450 μ g/L usually need to be hospitalized for drug lead removal treatment. Children with blood lead between 100-249 μ g/L do not need to take medicine or health care products at all, and can be cured as long as they pay attention to some preventive details in their daily lives.
Practice will identify "lead poisoning" eyes
After analyzing four typical cases, Professor Yan Chonghuai of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University said: On the one hand, parents should pay attention to observing their children's daily behavior, on the other hand, they should examine their family's living environment and eating habits. If both cases may be related to lead poisoning, you need to take your child to test lead.
Case 1: Li, a 6-year-old boy, is lively and active. He is picky about food and likes to bite his nails. He hasn't cut his nails for years, and he doesn't like to wash his hands before meals. Even if he washes his hands, he doesn't use soap. His father and grandfather both smoke. The venous blood lead 1 12 μ g/L was diagnosed as mild lead poisoning. Through the analysis of high-risk factors, behavioral guidance and nutritional guidance, the hospital corrected the bad habit of children biting their nails, and the children washed their hands carefully before meals. Adults try to avoid children's passive smoking at home, and at the same time correct their picky eating habits, drink two cups of milk every day to maintain a balanced nutrition. After 3 months, the blood lead was 73 micrograms per liter.
Case 2: Wang, female, 4 years old, asymptomatic, well developed, articulate, IQ test in the normal range. Venous blood lead test 169 μ g/L, diagnosed as mild lead poisoning. According to the medical history inquiry, preserved eggs are usually eaten at home and children often eat them. There are many ways to eat preserved eggs at home, and preserved egg lean porridge is eaten almost several times a week. At the doctor's suggestion,
Stop giving preserved eggs to children, and the blood lead will drop to 86 μ g/L after 2 months (some preserved eggs contain high lead content, especially preserved eggs made by traditional technology, and the additives contain lead oxide).
Case 3: A boy, 10 years old, suffered from dermatosis for 3 years. After taking the capsule 1.5 years continuously, I often suffer from constipation, abdominal pain, dizziness and anemia. The doctor found that he had dental lead and blood lead of 350 μ g/L. It was confirmed that a capsule taken by the child had a high lead content and was diagnosed as chronic drug-induced lead poisoning (moderate). Stop taking this Chinese medicine immediately (some Chinese medicines for treating skin diseases contain high lead content, which will lead to lead poisoning if taken for a long time). After a course of lead elimination treatment, the blood lead level will drop to173μ g/L. The child's constipation and abdominal pain disappeared and anemia was cured.
Case 4: A 5-year-old boy, whose parents both work in a small battery recycling factory, recycles battery lead plates and produces lead ingots. Six months after the child was born, the whole family ate and lived in the factory. After children can walk, they play in the workshop every day. Now in a small kindergarten class, I can't count 1- 10. The language expression is not clear and the intelligence is obviously backward. When I was in kindergarten, I found that hemoglobin was only 80 g/L, and I was hospitalized with severe abdominal cramps for unknown reasons. When I came to the hospital for physical examination, I found that there were obvious dental lead lines, and the IQ test results were obviously low. X-ray showed that there were also typical lead lines on bones, and the blood lead was 784 μ g/L. The child was diagnosed with extremely severe lead poisoning and was hospitalized immediately. After two courses of treatment, the symptoms improved and discharged from hospital, but the blood lead level may rebound and still need to continue treatment.
A scientific plan to stay away from "lead panic"
Nowadays, "lead prevention" and "lead discharge" activities have become an "emerging industry" with huge commercial interests. Professor Shen Xiaoming and others poured cold water on this: the cost of a course of treatment is about 100 yuan when receiving lead removal treatment with drugs in regular medical institutions; For most children, the most effective way to prevent lead poisoning in children is health education and behavioral intervention in life, which costs almost nothing.
It is internationally recognized that children need medication when their blood lead level is higher than or equal to 450 μ g/L. Children with blood lead level of 250-449 μ g/L can also be treated with lead excretion if their lead excretion test is positive, but only if they are isolated from all lead pollution sources. Abuse of drugs for children who don't need drugs to drive away lead is harmful; You should also be very cautious when taking health care products, because many of these health care products promote lead excretion and lead absorption in the digestive tract.
Because the half-life of lead in children's blood is about 1 month, theoretically speaking, for children with mild and moderate lead poisoning, as long as the way of lead entering the body is cut off to prevent further contact and absorption of lead, in an ideal state, the blood lead level of children will be reduced by half after one month; After two months, it was only 25% of the original, and no drugs were needed.
100 JT/ baby/child/special /20063 10/ 105376.