What is the reason for the huge baby?
1, pregnant women are overnourished.
After many people get pregnant, their elders and husbands hate that pregnant women can't eat more good food, thinking that the bigger the fetus, the better, but they didn't expect that the bigger the fetus would bring adverse effects to pregnant women and fetuses.
2, gestational diabetes:
A few pregnant women suffer from gestational diabetes. Although their blood sugar is normal at ordinary times, their blood sugar is high after pregnancy due to abnormal pancreatic function in the body. These sugars enter the fetus through the placenta, and the insulin secreted by the normal pancreatic tissue of the fetus converts these sugars into excess fat and protein, which causes the fetus to gain weight faster than the fetus born to a normal-weight pregnant mother, and will grow into a huge child at full-term delivery.
Types of macrosomia
There are generally two kinds of macrosomia, one is healthy, and there is no disease, just because pregnant women are overnourished, resulting in larger children; The other is a diabetic baby. Insulin secreted by the normal pancreatic tissue of the fetus converts these sugars into excess fat and protein, which leads to the fetal weight gain faster than that of the fetus born to a pregnant mother with normal weight, and will grow into a huge baby at full-term delivery.
Generally speaking, these two kinds of children have poor lung development ability and weak lung function, and are prone to hypoglycemia or even apnea at birth. If you are a child with diabetes, the development of the whole body organs is often immature, and it is prone to congenital heart disease, anencephaly and deformed children.
The harm of macrosomia
First, the harm to the newborn:
1, delivery process extended
Usually, women with normal height, pelvic shape and size have no problem giving birth to a fetus of 3500 grams as long as the fetal position is normal at the time of delivery. But if the fetus weighs more than 4000 grams, it is not so easy to give birth. Because the head and body of the fetus are too big to enter the birth canal, the whole delivery process is prolonged, and finally the forceps or fetal aspirator have to be used for midwifery.
2, shoulder dystocia
Occasionally, although the fetal head is delivered, but the shoulder is stuck, some special midwifery methods must be used to deliver the fetus, which is medically called shoulder dystocia. "This situation is rarely encountered in newborns weighing 3,500 grams, but it increases significantly when the weight reaches 4,000 grams. If the fetal weight is 4,500 grams or even 5,000 grams, the problem will be even greater, and the delivery process will be very long, or even no delivery at all, which is more difficult to handle.
3. Nerve paralysis
The most terrible thing is the newborn brachial plexus palsy during the treatment, and severe paralysis of the shoulder plexus may lead to lifelong disability. Of course, the worst result is neonatal death.
Second, the harm to the mother:
Normal-sized fetuses give birth through the mother's pelvis, but because the fetal head of the giant baby is big and hard, it often runs aground at the pelvic entrance. In addition, the fetus is overweight or shoulder fat is too much, and shoulder dystocia is complicated at the same time, which is even more difficult, and cesarean section is often needed. If not handled properly, it may endanger the health and life of pregnant women.
1. Excessive vaginal stretching or tearing during delivery can easily cause uterine prolapse;
2. Prolonged delivery period causes postpartum hemorrhage and endangers maternal life. According to relevant statistics, the maternal mortality rate in China is 0.488%, and the dystocia mortality rate caused by macrosomia is higher than that caused by natural childbirth.
3. Wound infection, abdominal adhesion and endometriosis caused by cesarean section may directly or indirectly lead to maternal and neonatal death.
Specific measures to prevent macrosomia
Preventing and reducing the occurrence of macrosomia is an important means to improve perinatal quality.
As a pregnant woman, we should pay attention to reasonable, appropriate and scientific nutrition during pregnancy. Generally speaking, during pregnancy, women have a strong appetite and their families are very enthusiastic about it. It is said that food will be in place soon, and overnutrition is not a problem. Some pregnant women exercise too little for fear of hurting the fetus. Actually, this is a misunderstanding. Without physical exercise and moderate labor, the absorption and consumption of nutrients will often be out of balance, which will increase the incidence of obesity and macrosomia during pregnancy. We should advocate late marriage and late childbirth, but try to avoid late childbirth. Those who give birth after the age of 28 should be vigilant and strengthen prenatal examination measures to prevent problems before they happen.