"How Steel is Made" Reading Notes
I. Question:
When Lida kissed Seryozha, she said, "Your eyes should be grey, the color of steel. The color of turquoise blue - too gentle." Blue, for eyes, is love, and gray, for steel, is revolution. How Steel Is Made is all about those two shades: revolution, love. When Paul decides to transfer to the Cavalry of Bujumbura, the political instructor Cramer and Paul say, "But our Party and ****ing Youth League are built on iron discipline. The Party-above all else."
Steel, meaning the ****production party and ****Youth League built on top of iron discipline. After Zhu Helai became chairman of the Kiev Provincial Lustration Committee, the text says, "the image of this man of steel." Steel, meaning a member of the ****production party, a soldier of the Red Army. Road-building engineering team **** Youth League members, representative of the figure of Paul, not afraid of difficulties, tenacious struggle, hard work. When Zhu Helai inspected the road-building site, he said, "This is how steel is made!" This sentence corresponds to the very title of the book "how steel is made".
Steel, referring to the road-building engineering team of ****production members and ****Youth League members. At the memorial meeting for Lenin's death, workers applied for membership in the party, represented by Aljoum, who, the text says, "Everyone knew that these were industrial workers who had long worked with steel and heavy oil."
Steel, a reference to the identity of the workers, the working class, the proletariat. Paul receives his invalidity card and returns to the Churcham house, thinking of the legless machine gunners, "whose steel will and sharp eyes made them an honor to the teams."
Steel, meaning the iron will of ****ing members of the party. Paul, after his union with Daya, wrote to Artyom, "He could not wait to yearn for labor, for the great army that you are attacking on the whole front, for the great stream of steel that is draining the mountains and rolling forward." Steel, the work of socialist construction, the ranks of the builders of a new life. Iron and steel are forged by fire, and the ****productivity party members have been tested by the revolutionary fire to defeat the enemy, overcome difficulties, and establish socialist soviet power.
Two main characters:
Paul Andreyevich Kochagin.
1. Character: weaknesses: love of fighting, indiscipline, smoking, swearing. Advantages: born to fight, rebellious spirit, love to play the accordion, love to read books, in the face of the enemy, strong and courageous, tenacious struggle, hard work, exceptionally loyal to the party, dedicate his life to the party. In the face of disease, indomitable, began to write, making life useful to the people.
2. Experience: town of Shepetovka, railroad canteen cook, electrician at the power plant. Cavalry fighter, cavalry scout, Bujoni's cavalry. Kiev, Solomenka district, the main railroad plant **** Youth League Secretary, Boyarka road construction project team members, the railroad factory reunion committee political education minister. Berezdov town, political commissar of the 2nd brigade of the militia, and secretary of the district committee of the **** Youth League. Secretary of the regional committee of the regiment. Sanatorium, paralyzed, blind. Moscow, writing.
3. Paul's love: Tonya, daughter of a forestry officer. Proletarian revolutionary love, also depends on the origin. Paul and Tonya's love, the beginning of a sudden, inexplicable, the end of a sudden, inexplicable. The death of Seryozha is justified and natural. Paul and Tonya's love, break up, but rather said very twisted, very unnatural. Because what determines Paul's love, not his heart and feelings, but the party, revolution, class and politics.
Lida, like-minded friends and comrades, political instructor, **** the acting secretary of the provincial committee of the Young Communist League. Paul and Lida, it seems, are a good couple that meets revolutionary standards. However, under the influence of Gadfly's revolutionary romanticism, Paul interrupts his studies and friendship with Lida, and is reunited again when Lida is already married. Finally, Paul and Daya are united. Daya begins a new life, becomes a party member, and busies herself with work. Paul, paralyzed and blind, begins to write.
4. Classic Quotes:
The most precious thing for a person is life. Life is only once for each person. A person's life should be spent in this way: when recalling the past, he will not regret for wasted years, nor will he be ashamed for doing nothing; in the dying, he can say, "My whole life and all my energy have been dedicated to the world's most magnificent cause - the liberation of mankind struggle for the liberation of mankind." Man should hasten to live his life to the fullest, for an unexpected illness or a tragic accident can suddenly end his life at any time.
Three storylines:
Part I
1. Paul is expelled from school after he sprinkles cigarette butts on Father Vasily's dough. Paul's first day at work in the station cafeteria.
Paul overhears a conversation between Froxia and Prokhor. Selling Flesh. Paul and Klimka speak from the heart. Unhappy, quit, reading, politics. Water floods the cafeteria, Prohor injures Paul. Arjom beats Prokhor and is imprisoned in the gendarmerie. Paul goes to work at power plant.
2. Russian Revolution, down with the Tsar. In the spring of 1918, a Red Army column drove into town. Commander Bulgakov discusses the problem. Retreat, liaison, disposal of guns stored in the town. Paul robs children's guns. Paul hides guns. Paul plays accordion, Carina jokes. Arjom tells Paul to take Juhl to the power plant. The Germans drive into town and collect weapons, Artyom throws his gun, Seryozha buries it. Juhlai teaches Paul boxing. Paul steals the German lieutenant's pistol.
3. Tonya watches Paul fishing. Suhariko introduces Victor to Tonya. Paul punches Suhariko. Victor introduces Paul to Tonya. The marshaling yard workers go on strike. Artyom, Politovsky, and Bruszak are forced to transport the enemy, kill German soldiers, and jump off the train. Klimka delivers a note, peacefully. Aljom and Politovsky play iron. Paul and Tonya get acquainted. Race, Paul chases Tonya. Paul and Tonya talk about reading books and Garibaldi. Paul buys new shirt, gets haircut, looks for Tonya.
4. Theater party, fight between Colonel Golub and Captain Pavlyuk. Golub's guard company looting and massacring Jews.
5. Zhukh comes to Paul for a night's lodging and guides him on the path of revolution. Petliura bandits cut down Seryozha. Zhukhrai disappears. Paul takes out his pistol. Paul recalls the last time he and Tonya had a disagreement. Victor and Liza go on a date. Paul attacks the escorting soldiers and rescues the arrested Zhukhrai. Viktor is arrested and Liza is taken as a witness, purposely not talking about Paul. Liza and Viktor say that Paul let the prisoner go. Viktor takes the bandit soldiers to Paul's house. Paul is arrested.
6. Liza and Tonya talk about Paul. Tonya and Arjom talk about Paul. Conversation between city defense commander and Salomega, shooting sixteen-year-old Paul. Paul refuses Hristina's virginity. Grand ceremony to welcome Petliura. Jewish petitioning group. Petliura reviews the troops. Czerniak releases prisoners, Paul out of jail. Paul hides in Tonya's house. Artyom and Paul say goodbye. Seryozha, Varya and Paul say goodbye. Paul and Tonya's love. Paul leaves home by train.
7. The Red Army attacks and Petliura's defeated soldiers flee. Seryozha joins the Red Army. Youth meeting. The Revolutionary Committee meets. Seryozha searches the secret cellar of the innkeeper Zorn. The maid Hristina speaks out. Letter from Paul, the cavalry fighter. Seryozha and Lida's love. Lida kisses Seryozha. Seryozha and Lida say goodbye. Red Army retreat.
8. Seryozha and Polish soldiers killing with bayonets. The Red Army cavalry assembles. Paul reads The Gadfly. Androshuk tells the story of the Latvian company commander who shot the bandits. Paul decides to transfer to Bujoni's cavalry. Paul plays the accordion in Bujoni's cavalry. Paul fights in Zhitomir.
Paul frees prisoners. Paul listens to Samuil tell of the bloody tragedy in his hometown of Shepetovka. Paul escorting prisoners, the order not to mistreat them. Bujoni's cavalry crushes the rear of the Boers. Paul, Artyom meet. Paul wounded in heavy fighting near Lvov.
9. Diary of doctor Nina Vladimirovna. Paul is wounded and hospitalized. Tonya comes to see Paul. Paul is blind in his right eye. Paul is discharged from the hospital. Paul and Tonya break up. Paul meets with Juchlai to talk about his job. Paul works in the railroad purges committee.
Paul and Seryozha's last meeting. Paul serves as secretary of the **** Youth League at the main railroad plant. The bloody battle of Pilekop. Paul returns to his homeland.
Part II
1. Lida's diary. Student Paul. Paul observes Lida, "absurd" ideas. Paul and Leda on train, crammed in, traitors, Paul helps puritanical committee to inspect train. Paul sees Leda hugging Davide and is saddened. Misunderstanding, brother. Paul establishes Solomenka district commune. Paul is cold to Lida. Juhlai commands ****ist brigade to stop Petliura remnants of bandit gangs from rioting.
2. At a meeting of the provincial party committee, Zhukhrai proposes to build a narrow-gauge railroad from Boyarka station to the lumberyard. Lida and Tokarev separately, talking about Paul. The engineering team tenaciously endured the pain of hunger and cold. The soles of Paul's boots fall off. Party and regimental meetings, the guy who threw away his regimental card. Threat of Orlik's gang. Lida's diary, snow, road construction progress. Bandits attack road construction site. Juhlai inspecting the road construction site. Juhlai gives Paul a gun. Engineer blasters blow up knoll.
Puzlevsky's regiment transferred to the construction site to clean up the bandits. The city supports the road construction work. Blizzard, shoveling snow, Paul reunites with married Tonya. Lida sends Paul a short coat. Lida's diary, typhoid soldiers, attack on the road crew by Orlik's gang. Paul is sent home with typhoid fever. News of Paul's death. Lida's diary, enlarged meeting of the city soviet to celebrate all the heroes of the railroad construction. Paul's death, sadness, crying, sadness, grief. Goes to work in the Central Committee of the Ukrainian **** Youth League.
3. Paul recuperates at home. Paul goes to see the Artyom family. Paul goes to the Martyrs' Cemetery. Paul's conversation with his mother, playing the accordion, separately. Paul looking for Juhrai, Lida, not there. Paul's conversation with Pankratov, political exams, ****productivist university. Paul asks to be reinstated in the regiment. Paul goes to Okunev's house. Paul speaks at a conference of *** youth league activists. Paul returns to the railroad factory and cleans up. Paul comments on the Fikin incident, expels Fikin. Paul's clash with Tsvetaev.
Paul's talk with Tokarev. Regimental Committee, leadership work. Paul as Minister of Political Education of the Regimental Committee. Paul and Tsvetaev talking, shaking hands. Paul asks Tokarev to be the introduction to the party. Paul meets Nelly by chance, asks Viktor, settles old debts. Katyusha calls Paul to a kissing party. Paul and Mulla play the "love" card. Paul accompanies Anna to a meeting and is attacked by bandits. Tsvetaev asks Paul about the bandits' rape of Anna. Okunev and Talia get married, Paul plays the accordion and dances.
4. Polish sentry asks Red Army sentry to borrow a match to light a cigarette. Border guard battalion commander Gavrilov and Paul inspect the border. Paul serves as political commissar of the 2nd brigade of the Berezdov town militia and secretary of the district committee of the **** Youth League. Paul says in front of Tsvetaev to quit smoking. Paul salvages timber, gets a fever, acute rheumatism, leaves the factory and goes to the town of Berezdov. Chairman of the Executive Committee Lizizin received an urgent telegram, and Paul led the armed guards to put official documents and money reserves in the safe of the state treasury.
Litzitzin received a report that the Red Army cavalry was pursuing the bandits, and Paul ambushed a guard post to keep watch. Paul rides his horse to disperse the armed villagers. Paul measures the boundaries of the land. Razvarizin harasses Lida. Paul moves about the countryside, propagandizing. *** Misunderstandings of Youth League members and security agency personnel, smuggling. Misunderstanding between Lizizizen and the state bandit squad, banditry. Razvarikhin's tricks. On October Revolution Day, the Soviet people of the border villages marched along the state border.
Party and regiment members in Hrolin capture bandit leader Antoniuk. Paul's brigade is ordered to take part in the big fall maneuvers of the local troops. The regimental chief of staff, Chuzhanin, does not allow Paul to participate in the maneuvers on horseback. Paul goes to the marshaling yard to see Artyom. Grisha is assassinated, funeral. Lizizin's report. The Provincial Committee decides to transfer back Paul. Paul is transferred to full party membership. Paul says goodbye.
5. Talia's speech at the city party congress, Dubava, Trotskyists. Reading of Olga's letter, opposition pulls Paul off the podium at state military committee branch meeting. Tufta speaks. Dubava speaks. Pankratov's speech. Party at Tufta's house. Telegraph room at the Shepetov truck station, receiving the message of Lenin's death. Artyom hears the news of Lenin's death. Memorial meeting. Workers' applications to join the party. Artyom's speech on joining the party.
6. Lida and Paul reunite and talk about the gadfly. Paul proposes to expel Razvalikhin from the regiment. Paul hears Faylo's story about him getting Korotaeva. Paul injures Faylo, is tried and acquitted. Paul goes to the sanatorium of the Central Committee for "communists".
7. Paul and Dora meet. Paul meets Zarki and marries Anna. Internal meeting with Trotsky's new opposition. Paul is wounded and operated on. Artyom reads a letter from Paul. Dr. Bazhanova's father examines Paul, diagnosis, paralysis. Paul plays chess with Ledeniov in the sanatorium.
Paul goes to see his mother's friend Alibina. Paul's conversation with Daya, life-changing. Paul asks Akeem to assign work. Paul's conversation with the deputy editor-in-chief. Talent. The Central Committee dismisses Paul from his job, receives a pension and a disability certificate.
8. Paul's return to Chucham's house. Paul's musings. Paul and Daya's late-night conversation, courtship. Paul buries his head in his books. Paul and Daya bond. Paul's letter to Arjoum. Giant stream of steel, tragedy. Paul studies, reads, goes to ****ist correspondence college. Daya's newborn.
Paul meets Ledeniov in the sanatorium, collectivization of agriculture, transformation of the countryside. Paul's friendship with Zhikileva and Chernokozov. Paul is paralyzed. Paul goes blind. Secretary of the District Committee Volimer comes to see Paul, says Lev Berdzenyev. Lev Bershenev installs radio for Paul. Paul listens to the radio.
9. Paul is hospitalized in Moscow. Paul asks the Party for a place to stay and leaves the hospital. Paul chooses the creative path and writes a novel. The original manuscript is lost by the post office. Galia helps Paul with his work. Paul's novel is greatly appreciated and is about to be published.
IV. Writing Skills:
1. Trope: Paul is expelled from school for sprinkling cigarette butts on Father Vasily's dough. Father Vasily kicked out Paul, leading to the characters, the story. Seryozha witnessed Paul's scattering of cigarette ends, pointing out the incident. Paul and Father Vasily hold a grudge and spread cigarette butts on the dough, detailing the incident. Finally, Paul says it again in his conversation with Tonya. One layer, two layers, three layers, four layers, the storytelling routine.
2, the characters' point of view: the point of view of Paul, Klimka, Seryozha, write the Red Army team drove to the town. Paul's point of view, write the Red Army distributes weapons to the residents, the people who get the guns. Liza's POV of the arrested Jukhrai and the escorting soldiers. Victor's POV of the gunshots. Liza's POV, writing about Tonya's love for Paul.
Tonya's mother's point of view, writing about Tonya's love for Paul. The point of view of the White Army, the watchtower, the telescope, write about the Red Army attack. Seryozha's point of view, write Petliura defeated soldiers fled, the Red Army soldiers chased after them. Paul's recollections, write about Paul and Tonya's last falling out. Doctor Nina Vladimirovna's diary, about Paul's hospitalization and discharge from the hospital. Lida's diary, writing about the progress of the road construction team.
3, detailed writing, skimming: Paul went to work in the station canteen. The first day, write in detail, two years, write slightly. Seryozha to join the Red Army, write in detail, Paul to join the Red Army, write slightly. Paul refuses Hristina's virginity and says a section of text, detailed writing, Chuzhanin wants to insult Tonya hard, but a sentence is carried over, skimmed.
4, false writing, real writing: the Red Army issued the gun, false writing, get the gun people, real writing. Suhariko introduces Victor to Tonya, imaginary writing, Victor introduces Paul to Tonya, real writing. Tonya reading a book, false writing, Paul reading a book, real writing. Viktor and Liza go on a date, fictitious, Paul attacks Petliura's bandits to save Juhrai, real.
Paul recalls his and Tonya's last disagreement, fictional, Liza recognizes Paul, real. Seryozha and Lida take a shower, false writing, Seryozha sees Tonya and Chuzhanin, the commissar of the propaganda train, and shows her Paul's letter, real writing. Lida's letter to Paul, real, diary, fictitious. Paul looks at Anna, fictitious writing, sees depraved Dubava, actual writing.
V. Lacks:
1. Characters and storyline are not complete. The characters and storyline before Paul leaves home on the train are complete and rich, and the characters and storyline afterward, are scattered. The characters from before were skillfully interspersed later. Some of the characters and storylines, however, seem disposable, symbolic and meaningless.
Paul leaves home on a train, the Red Army comes, and the storyline seems like it should be about Juhrai leading the Red Army in an attack on the town and rescuing Paul from his prison cell. Paul reading a book, Paul playing the accordion, all seem to be just temporary things that the author took over when the storyline needed them.
2. Paul's career as a revolutionary fighter is not rich and exciting enough. Zhu Helai guided Paul on the path of revolution, seems to say too little.
Whether it is Paul's participation in the Red Army, or Bujumbura's cavalry attack on the Polish White Army, are considered a major event, but did not expand the narrative in detail, is also very strange. Writing about the battles of the Red Army and the White Army, in three words, a brief description is all that is needed. Paul, in the Red Army, in the war, has little presence, little involvement.
"Still Don", "How Steel is Made", "Dr. Zhivago", are written about the history of the October Revolution, the tug-of-war between the White and Red armies. Still waters of the Don, is considered a perfect work, a classic masterpiece.
Sixth, Conclusion:
"How Steel is Made", and imagined not quite the same. So we see: Paul's hometown, the Ukrainian town of Shepetovka. Red Army soldiers, and Chinese. *** The antagonists among the members of the Communist Party: the opportunist Chuzhanin, the Western European-style elegance of Olshinsky, the bureaucratic Tufta, the negative Tsvetaev, the corrupt Razvarikhin, the Trotskyist Dubava, the womanizer Faylo.
"How steel is made", no shocking, no exaggerated rendering, plain and simple, wrote Paul tenacious struggle, hard work, persistent ****productivist ideals and beliefs.
2018.6.17
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Author:
Nikolai Alexeevich Ostrovsky (1904-1936) was a famous proletarian revolutionary, writer, and Bolshevik fighter in the former Soviet Union.
Born on July 30, 1904 to a working-class family, he was a Russian, but his birthplace was in the Ukraine.In 1914, World War I broke out, and his family fled to the small border town of Sheptovka.He began to work as a child laborer at the age of 11.At the age of 12, he read The Gadfly, the masterpiece of the Irish author Voynich, and from then on the image of the gadfly was y imprinted on his heart.At the age of 15, he went to the battlefield and was tragically killed in battle at the age of 16, and at the age of 15, he went to war. At the age of 16, he was seriously wounded in battle, and at the age of 23, he was blinded and at the age of 25, his body was paralyzed.
In the fall of 1930, he began to work on "How Steel is Made". Under the care of the Party and the organization, he was provided with a secretary and a typist, and in April 1932, the magazine "Young Komsomol" began to serialize "How Iron is Made", and in 1934, a single volume of "How Iron is Made" was officially published. Ostrovsky joined the Association of Writers of the USSR, and in 1935 the Soviet government awarded him the Order of Lenin in recognition of his literary achievements. he died on December 22, 1936, at the age of 32 years.