Tujia folklore stories short stories

The Tujia people are a nation with a long history and a national language. The Tujia people are one of the ethnic minorities in my country. Here are the legends and stories about the Tujia people that I have compiled. Everyone is welcome to read.

Family legends: Luo Lanjiao’s story

Luo Lanjiao is a very talented woman, she is smart, witty, bold and generous, and people are still telling her story to this day.

On the Road to Marriage

When Luo Lanjiao was eighteen years old, she married a hardworking and kind farmer. On the day of the wedding, the wedding procession was suddenly stopped halfway. It turns out that a bridge has just been built in front of it, and they are waiting for the county magistrate to "step on the bridge". Only after he has passed, ordinary people are allowed to pass. The road manager (someone called Mr. Yasili) went to negotiate several times, but the master mason was very embarrassed, fearing that Luo Lanjiao and his party would not be punished if they were let go. Luo Lanjiao thought: "As long as the masons' hearts are saved, they will also take some risks. Let me give them a few words." Yu Luo Lanjiao opened the sedan curtain and said to the road manager: "Please tell the masons, how about I, Luo Lanjiao, come and give them a few words? Those masons have long heard that Luo Lanjiao is a great beauty." She is beautiful and generous, with a good heart and eloquence. I have never seen her before. Today was a good opportunity to meet her, so I agreed. Luo Lanjiao got off the sedan chair, stepped onto the bridge, and conferred the title "New people step on the new bridge, and the new bridge will be imprisoned for thousands of years." The moon floats on the bottom of the water, and a rainbow stretches across the riverside. When crossing Mount Tai, a stone bridge is better than an iron bridge. After hearing this, the master mason smiled like a pea and quickly invited Luo Lanjiao over. Later, there was a saying among the common people: "When a girl returns to her parents' home, there will be an iron bridge that cannot be broken." I heard it was the last two sentences of Luo Lanjiao's gift letter.

A son does not think his mother is ugly

One day, Luo Lanjiao was washing clothes in the river. Several playboys saw her ragged clothes. After muttering for a while, they wanted to ridicule her. . One of them each said: "Jia Zi Yi Chou". The second one said: "Bing Zi Ding Chou". The third said: "Wu Zi Ji Chou". The fourth one said: "Gengzi Xin Chou". Then they all said together: "Renzigui-----ugly?!" He dragged out the word "ugly" for a long time, and then burst into haha. Luo Lanjiao didn't even think about it, she just answered: "Young masters, have you forgotten Yi Chou?" Several playboys were surprised when they heard this. He hurriedly asked: "How could I forget Yi Chou?" Luo Lanjiao replied: "The son does not think the mother is ugly."

Outsmarting the County Magistrate

Luo Lanjiao’s reputation was very great. Later, someone with eyes and noses said that there was a piece on Luo Lanjiao’s door that said, “Don’t ask for anything.” Big plaque. After the county magistrate heard about it, he came to Luo Lanjiao's home. The county magistrate said: "I heard that you don't ask for anything, so the county has come to borrow four things: one is as high as the sky; the other is as deep as the sea; the third is as hard as iron; the fourth is as soft as cotton." You have to deliver it within three days? Luo Lanjiao said: Master, you can take it away today. What is as high as the sky is the human heart; what is as deep as the sea is the yamen; what is as hard as iron is the idiot; what is as soft as the sage. I don’t have the first three items at home, but I have a statue of Guandi. I wonder when the uncle will ask for it? The county magistrate also said: "This county also wants to ask you, who walks early (in dialect, lucky)? Who walks late? Who walks late? The time is right? Who carries the autumn time all his life? Luo Lanjiao answered immediately: "Gan Luo travels early; Taigong travels late; the master travels at the right time; no one dares to say that he carries the autumn time." The county magistrate said: "It doesn't matter if you tell me quickly, this county will pardon you." Luo Lanjiao hurriedly stepped forward and bowed a thousand blessings to the county magistrate, saying, "All over the world, people remember the autumn season."

"Bring some back". Luo Lanjiao smiled slightly, said "yes", and got on the road. A few days later, Luo Lanjiao returned from her parents' home. The father-in-law asked, "Where are the things you brought for me?" Luo Lanjiao smiled and took out two Chinese medicines from the bag and said, "This is a bag of raw land, are you asking for directions?" ? The father-in-law nodded. Luo Lanjiao took out another traditional Chinese medicine from her bag and said, "This is a bag of rehmannia glutinosa. Isn't it? You don't need to ask for directions." ? The father-in-law nodded again.

? Question?

Luo Lanjiao and her husband were ferrying in the river, and several scholars came to cross the river.

As soon as the scholars got on the boat, they shook their heads and started composing poems. Luo Lanjiao couldn't stand it and wanted to make a fool of them. As soon as the boat docked, Luo Lanjiao said to the scholars: "You scholars are knowledgeable about books and etiquette, and are full of articles. I would like to ask you a few words." ?The scholars said nonchalantly: ?Please put ?. Luo Lanjiao thought, "Click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, leave the beach." He was tied, swung and pushed over, and he was happily delighted. ?Excuse me;?How to write the word at the beginning of each sentence? The four scholars looked at me and I looked at you, but they slipped away without writing a word. (Maybe they don’t understand Tujia). Tujia legends: The poignant legend of Xilan Kapu

Legend has it that a long time ago, there was a girl named Xilan in a Tujia village who was best at weaving local flower bedding. The fragrance is so fragrant that it makes bees buzz around; the birds she weaves can fly, making birds from all directions fly and chirp against the brocade; the fish she weaves floats, making cats The children were meowing around the brocade. She had finished weaving all kinds of flowers on the mountain and by the river. She asked her aunt: "What other flowers are there?" Her aunt said: "No more, no more. You have finished weaving all the flowers I saw." "She asked her aunt: "What other flowers are there?" The aunt said: "There are no flowers." ?

One day, Xilan met a white-bearded father-in-law standing under the ginkgo tree in the back garden, and said to her kindly: "Girl, why don't you weave ginkgo flowers? Ginkgo flowers are real." How beautiful!? Xilan had never seen this old man before. She asked in surprise: "Does the ginkgo really bloom?" The white-bearded father-in-law said: "Of course it blooms, but it blooms in the middle of the night. It blooms at Yin time and thanks at Mao time. You must be sincere and patient." Only people can see it. ?

Xilan did as her old father-in-law with the white beard told her to do. She walked into the back garden alone in the dead of night every night and sat under the tree waiting for the ginkgo to bloom. I waited night after night, but still no ginkgo blossoms. This matter caught the eye of her sharp-tongued sister-in-law, so she complained to her husband and said: "Xilan stays in the back garden at midnight every day. I wonder which man she is waiting for? People have faces and trees have bark. Of course, a brother does not want his sister It was embarrassing, so I also focused on this matter.

That night, Xilan walked to the ginkgo tree in the middle of the night. Under the holy moonlight, the ginkgo flowers really bloomed. One tree after another, one after another, as white as snow, as flawless as jade, fragrant in the middle of the night, blooming under the moonlight. Xilan was so happy. He picked a few branches and was about to go back to his room to weave all night and weave the most beautiful flowers into the brocade. Suddenly an ax struck. Hearing the aunt’s gossip, my elder brother got drunk in anger. , took an ax and looked for it rashly all night. Sure enough, he saw Xilan standing alone under the tree, and he swung the ax to chop Xilan down without thinking about anything. Xilan fell, and the green blood dyed the ginkgo flowers red. After her death, she turned into a broccoli bird, wailing day and night: "The branches are chirping, the ginkgo blossoms are blooming in the back garden, I want to find out what is right and wrong, my brother killed me by mistake." For the sake of the name, the Tujia brocade was named "Xilankapu". Customs of Tujia people

Festivals

Tujia people attach great importance to traditional festivals. From the beginning to the end of the year, they can be said to be festivals every month.

, the Xiangwang Festival on the sixth day of June, the Qiao Qiao Festival, the Women's Festival, the Half Moon Festival in July, the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, the Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of September, the Winter Clothes Festival on the first day of October, etc., are all relatively important festivals.

Among the many festivals, celebrating the new year is the most distinctive, but now only some areas retain this custom. The New Year is celebrated on the twenty-ninth day of the twelfth lunar month, and the New Year is celebrated on the twenty-eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. It is called the New Year because it is celebrated one day earlier than the Han people. At that time, every household will kill the New Year pig to make mung bean powder, cook rice wine or sip wine, etc.

Marriage and love

Marriage in Tujia history was relatively free. After free love, a man and a woman could become husband and wife with the consent of their parents and the testimony of a Tujia teacher (shaman).

In Enshi Shiyao, Dashengshan and other places, there is the custom of "Daughters' Meeting", that is, every year on the 12th day of the seventh lunar month, young men and women go through the "Daughters' Meeting", sing and dance, love each other, and get married. Lifelong companion.

After the Tujia people were repatriated, the Tujia people were forced to carry out arranged marriages according to the orders of their parents and the words of the matchmaker.

Tujia people practice monogamy. Before liberation, there was a custom of cousin marriage and house-filling marriage. When an uncle's cousin marries, that is, the daughter of the aunt's family must marry the son of the uncle's family, which is also called "returning the bones"; after the death of an elder brother, the younger brother takes his sister-in-law, and when the younger brother dies, the younger brother takes his younger brother's wife, which is called "enthronement". But these customs no longer exist in modern times.

After liberation, the people's government promulgated a new marriage law. From then on, the Tujia people truly enjoyed the happiness of independent marriage. The marriage rituals of the Tujia people generally include procedures such as proof making, marriage proposal, begging for the red box, engagement (commonly known as maoxiang), viewing period, and wedding ceremony, which are similar to those of the ancient Han people. Six Rites? Similar. The more distinctive marriage rituals include accompanying ten sisters, accompanying ten brothers and marrying in tears.

The day before the wedding, both men and women hold a grand coming-of-age ceremony. Volume 3 of Changyang County Chronicle of the Qing Dynasty records: "Marriage in Guguan was two events, and Changyi was combined into one." One or two days before the wedding, the girl's family tied up her hair and called her "Shangtou". There is a banquet for the women, and nine young girls are invited. The number of girls together is ten, and they are called "accompany the ten sisters." Words too. There were two banquets on that day. In one of them, there were nine children, ten together with the groom. It was called "accompanying ten brothers", and it was also called "sitting with ten friends". ?

The activities of "Accompanying Ten Sisters" and "Accompanying Ten Brothers" still exist in the entire Tujia area. It is fashionable for Tujia brides to cry when they get married. Some start crying more than half a month before the wedding, and some cry for more than a month, at least three to five days. Crying wedding songs include "Crying for parents", "Crying for brother and sister-in-law", "Crying for uncles", "Crying for sisters", "Crying for matchmaker", "Crying for combing hair", "Crying for wearing flowers", "Crying for father and mother", "Crying to bid farewell to ancestors", "Crying on the sedan chair" and so on.

Funeral

Tujia people used to have many cremations. During the funeral, local teachers were asked to recite sutras and Taoist priests opened the way. When offering sacrifices to the deceased, the Tujie teacher will sacrifice the spine of an ox to the gods. The head of the cow will be returned to the Tujie teacher for his exclusive use. The poor often borrow the cow as a sacrifice. Later, due to the influence of the Han people, burials were all changed to burials. The procedures were divided into enshrinement, funeral, funeral, burial, and aftermath.

In the Tujia area north of the Qingjiang River Basin, there is a unique ancient funeral song and dance called "Tiao Saer Ha", also known as "Tiao Sa'er Ha". In the village, whenever an elderly person dies, a master will be invited to play funeral drums at home. That night, the suona played loudly, the gongs and drums roared, and the firecrackers kept going. As soon as the funeral drum sounds, people from neighboring villages come together to attend the funeral.

?Dance the mourning drum? It is a dance performed in front of the coffin by a drummer who beats the drums, a singer calls a song, and a dancer performs the song. Generally, an even number of two or more dancers dance in front of the coffin. When the dance reaches its climax, there can be as few as a hundred people and as many as thousands of people coming to dance or watch. Dancers alternated until dawn.

The form of "dance the funeral drum" is divided into several stages, such as "waiting for the corpse", "shaking the funeral", "crying the funeral", "wearing the funeral", "practicing the funeral", and "retreating the funeral". The basic movements There are more than a dozen routines such as "Tiger holding its head", "Rhinoceros looking at the moon", "Phoenix spreading its wings", "Swallow holding mud", "Tiger descending the mountain", etc. ?Dancing mourning drums can be divided into Wen Wu (Wen Ming) and Wu Wu (Martial Mang). The most distinctive feature of "Wen Sang" is "Weeping Sang", and "Wu Sang" is a jumping method that is combined with folk martial arts.

The lyrics of "Dance the Mourning Drum" are very rich in content. Some praise the Tujia ancestors for their expansion of territory and recall the national history; some reflect the ancestors' totem worship, fishing and hunting activities, agricultural production, and love life; and some reflect the totem worship, fishing and hunting activities, agricultural production, and love life of the ancestors. Singing about the life and deeds of the deceased, etc.

Taboos

There are many taboos of the Tujia people, covering almost all aspects of production and life, including agricultural farming, annual festivals, weddings and funerals, childbirth, and diet. Daily living, performing rituals, etc. For example:

In terms of farming during the year, avoid the head of the first month and the tail of the twelfth month. On New Year's Eve, women should avoid grinding mills, combing their hair, or washing clothes, for fear of rain in the coming year and washing away the soil on the ground; from the 29th of the twelfth lunar month to the first day of the first lunar month, women should not use needlework, lest the teeth of the plow rake nail the feet of cattle. Be careful not to soak rice in soup to prevent crops from being destroyed by rain. On the first day of spring, avoid picking water from wells; on the first day of autumn, avoid picking vegetables. The start of spring plowing depends on the day. It is forbidden to plant on the Sheep Day. After planting, it will be during the Xiaoshu Festival, and no soil will be moved on the Dragon Day; and so on.

In terms of daily words and deeds, girls and pregnant women are not allowed to sit on the threshold of the hall, and adult men and women are not allowed to sit on a bench; they are not allowed to step on the fire pit and tripod to avoid blasphemy; they are not allowed to step on the stove with their feet. It is considered disrespectful to the Kitchen God to dry feet at the door of the kitchen. It is forbidden to carry empty buckets, carry baskets upside down, and carry hoes into the house. It is not allowed to hang the dustpan upside down in the main room. During festivals, happy events, and when going out to do errands, it is forbidden to say ominous words and speak more auspicious words. During Chinese New Year and festivals, cats are not allowed to enter the house. Commonly known as "Pigs come to make you poor, dogs come to make you rich, and cats come to wear mourning clothes". During sacrifices and funerals, cats are also prohibited from hearing the sound of cats, and cats are strictly prohibited from approaching.