Born in Zindert on March 30, 1853, he committed suicide on July 29, 1890 in Oise, France, due to mental illness. Early years in business, then passionate about religion, began to study painting after 1880. He was acquainted with painters such as E. Bernard, P. Signac and P. Gauguin in Paris.
Early works were influenced by Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism paintings, and his representative works include The Potato Eaters and Riviera de Seine. He exhibited his works twice in cafes and restaurants and other laboring classes. Soon tired of living in Paris, he came to Arles in the south of France, and began to pursue more expressive techniques; at the same time, driven by the revolutionary literary trend and inspired by Japanese painting, he boldly explored the style of freely expressing his inner feelings, in order to achieve the expressiveness of the lines and colors themselves, and the decorative and allegorical nature of the picture.
Masterpieces such as Sunflowers, Postman Ruland, Cafe Night Market, Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ears, Starry Night, Van Gogh's Bedroom in Arles, and The Church in Auvers, all contain a profound sense of tragedy as well as a strong sense of individuality and a distinctive pursuit of form. At that time, although his works were hardly accepted, they had a profound influence on Western art in the 20th century.
French Fauvism, German Expressionism, and the lyrical abstractionism that appeared at the beginning of the 20th century were all inspired by the role of the subject in the creative process, the freedom to express his inner feelings, the awareness and grasp of the relative independence of the form of the value of the oil paintings in the creation of the Oriental painting factors absorbed and captured, and so on, to form their own different painting genres.
Van Gogh rejected all acquired knowledge, disregarded the dogmas cherished by the academy, and even forgot his own reason. In his eyes, there was only the vibrant natural landscape, in which he reveled, forgetting himself. He saw everything in heaven and earth as an indivisible whole, and he embraced everything with all his body and soul. Van Gogh came to prominence as a highly individualized painter very late in life, only eight years before his death.
Biography
Born on March 30, 1853, in Groot Zendt, Brabant, southern Netherlands, he was the eldest son of Theodorus van Gogh (1822-1885), a Protestant pastor in the Netherlands, and Anna Cornelia Carpenter period (1819-1907).
On February 17, 1855, Vincent's sister Anna Cornelia van Gogh was born.
On January 5, 1857, Van Gogh's lifelong confidante, his brother Theo, was born.
1859 On March 16, his sister Elisabeth van Gogh is born.
1862 On March 16, his sister Wilhelmina van Gogh is born.
1866 First drawings at the boarding school in Zeffenbergen.
1866 From the boarding in Zewenbergen, in the countryside of Zendt, Van Gogh enters the grammar school in Tilburg.
1867 On May 17, a younger brother, Cornelis van Gogh, is born.
1868 Leaves the Tilburg grammar school in March.
1869 Joins Goupil Art in March as a clerk in the Hague branch, then goes to work in the Brussels branch.
1871 The family moved to Herwart.
1872 Begins to correspond with Theo, who is at school.
1873 In May, Vincent moves to the London branch, falls in love with the landlord's daughter, Ursula Loyer, and in June, Theo goes to work at Goupil's Brussels branch.
1874 Failed marriage proposal to Ursula, returned to Holland; October to December in Paris at the head office of Goupil, then returned to London.
1875 May, transferred to Goupil's in Paris; passionate about mysticism and religion; in October, his parents move to Eden.
1876 Dismissed from Goupil's in March; given engravings based on Miller's Vespers. works as a teacher in Ramsgate, England, in April, and then as an assistant chaplain in Aylworth. returns to Eden in December.
1877 He worked in the Dordrecht bookshop from January to April, and in May went to Amsterdam, where he stayed with his uncle Jan, and studied vigorously for admission to the seminary.
July, 1878, abandons his studies in Amsterdam, and after a short stay at Etten, enters the three months' school of evangelization at Brussels in August, but fails to obtain an appointment as pastor. Went to the Borinage mines, near Mons, as an unofficial missionary.
1879 Dismissed from the church for over-enthusiasm in his work, a tragic experience that marked him; later began a life of wandering; read Dickens, Stowe, Hugo, Shakespeare and Mishley; admired the art of Charles de Gaulle, Rembrandt, Lustaire, the Barbizon School and the Hague School; lost faith in life due to the disappointment of poverty; began to make drawings.
1880 Period of increasing alienation from family. Spring trip to Quimper, stayed in the miner's house, the beginning of the road; copying Miller's works. October, went to Brussels, learning perspective and anatomy. He traveled to Brussels to study perspective and anatomy. He had a relationship with Van Rappard, a Dutch painter from Brussels; Theo gave him financial support.
1881 Etten period (April 12, 1881 - December 30, 1881), April, left Brussels, went to live with his parents in Etten; proposed to his widowed cousin Kay Worth, but failed to do so; in December, had a disagreement with his family, and left home for The Hague.
1882 The Hague period (December 31, 1881-September 12, 1883), studied painting with his cousin Anton Mauve; began living with the pregnant and abandoned Krasina ("Sien") Maria Hornik, which led to a rupture with Mauve; in August the Van Goghs moved to Newnan, near Eindhoven; in December he had a disagreement with his family and left home for The Hague. Nuenen, near Eindhoven; collected British newspaper illustrations and made many sketches and watercolors.
1883 Drenthe and Nuenen period (September 1883-November 27, 1885), in September, with Sien, went to the north of the Netherlands in Drenthe painting. In December, he returned to Nuenen in the south of Holland, where he lived with his parents at first, but later left home to live alone.
1884 Paints watercolors and "weaver's" exercises; tension with his father; gets on well with Van La Huynde; studies Eugène Delacroix's theory of color in June; falls in love with Margot, a girl from his village, with an unfortunate end.
1885 Antwerp period (November 28, 1885 - February 28, 1886), for the "Potato Eaters" painted about fifty peasants head; March 26, his father's sudden death, Emile Zola's "Bud" and other realist writers of the work of the y impressed; October went to Antwerp, visited museums; Rubens light and color, Japan Rubens light and color, the bold composition of the Japanese ukiyo-e, intoxicated him; get some Japanese prints, open-minded, brighten up the tone of the board.
1886 Paris period (March 1886-February 20, 1888), studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp from January; went to Paris at the end of February and stayed with Theo; worked in the studio of Carmand for a few months; depicted flowers under the influence of Delacroix and Monticelli; Trek, Emile Bernard, Signac, and Gauguin, as well as other Impressionist painters; found the "Painting of Light"; the eighth and last Impressionist beauty show was held, at which Seurat's Sunday on the Island of the Great Bowl was exhibited; Van Gogh adopted a new technique of pointillism.
1887 Palette becomes brighter and brighter due to proximity to growing contemporary French art movement; fears and exhibits Japanese prints; shows his work twice in working-class cafes and on saturated walls; meets and associates with Pissarro, Degas, Seurat, and Cézanne; becomes close to Emile Bernard; y influenced by Impressionist technique and late-Impressionist theories; wearies of Parisian life and longs for a brighter, sunnier day. He was tired of the life in Paris and longed for the south of France where the sunlight is brighter and the colors are more intense and magnificent. He created "Papa Tanguy" and began to paint sunflowers.
1888 Al period (February 21, 1888 - May 3, 1889), in February went to Alpes-de-Provence, stayed at the Café d'Algazar, in May moved into the "yellow house" on the Place Lamartine; October 20 Gauguin came to live with him; December 23 due to mental disorders, cut off an ear; Gauguin returned to Paris. Gauguin returned to Paris. Thanks to Theo, three paintings and several drawings by Van Gogh were exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants.
1889 Saint-Rémy period (May 3, 1889-May 16, 1890), Theo and Joanna Bonger (1862-1925) married on April 17; Van Gogh voluntarily admitted to the asylum of Saint-Rémy in May; Sinek visited; many paintings, mainly landscapes; began to paint serial works of cypress trees. Gauguin organizes an exhibition of Impressionist and Synthesis paintings at Mazin. Van Gogh meets Munch in Paris.
1890 Orphée period (May 21, 1890 - July 29, 1890), copying works by Delacroix, Millet, Rembrandt and Gustave Doré; Theo gets a son on January 31; Albert Aurier publishes a review of Vincent's paintings; at the "Exhibition of Twenty" at Brussels. Van Gogh's "Red Vineyard" was sold at the "Exhibition of Twenty" in Brussels, the only work of his to be sold during his lifetime; in May, he was discharged from the hospital, passed through Paris, rested a little, and stayed in Auvers under the guardianship of Paul Gachet; in June, he created "Dr. Gachet"; in July, he went to Paris to visit Thieu and his family, and met with Lautrec and Albert Aurier; after returning to Auvers, he created "Crows in a Wheatfield" and "Auvers Municipality". After returning to Auvers, he created "Crows in a Wheat Field" and "Town Hall of Auvers", which became more unrestrained; on July 27, he suffered a relapse and shot himself, and stopped breathing at about 1:00 a.m. on the morning of the 29th, under the watchful eye of Theo and Dr. Gachet.
Family of Characters
Vincent van Gogh (Vincent willem van Gogh, hereafter referred to as Van Gogh), one of the greatest artists of the 19th century. He was born on March 30, 1853, in a cottage next to a church in Zundert, near the Belgian border, in the southern Dutch province of Brabant.
Van Gogh's grandfather was a priest. Also called Vincent (Vincent van Gogh 1789.2.11-1874.5.7)
Van Gogh's grandmother was Elisabeth (Elisabeth Huberta Vrijdag 1790-1875) from a Swiss family. They had 12 children, one of whom died in infancy, leaving five daughters and six sons.
Van Gogh's father, Theodorus van Gogh 1822.2.2-1885.3.26, had been preaching in Zundert since 1849, and he was a Christian minister. Two years later he married van Gogh's mother, Anna Cornelia Carbentus (1819.11.10-1907), who was born in The Hague, where her father was known as the "King's Binder" because he was chosen to bind the first Dutch constitution. One of his daughters married Uncle Vincent van Gogh.
Their first son died shortly after birth, and when Van Gogh was born, he was given the name of his deceased brother, Vincent willem.
Van Gogh was the oldest of his family, and had three sisters and two brothers, namely:
Sisters: Anna Anna Cornelia van Gogh ( 1855.2.17-1930.11.20)
Brother: Theo Theodorus van Gogh (Theo, 1857.5.1-1891.1.25)
Sister: Elisabetha Huberta van Gogh (1859.3.16-1936.11.29)
Sister: Elisabetha Huberta van Gogh (1859.3.16-1936.11.29)
Van Gogh was the eldest in his family. .29)
Sister:Willemina Willemina Jacoba van Gogh (1862-1941)
Brother:Cornelis Cornelis Vincent van Gogh (1867.5.17-1900.4.24)
During Van Gogh's life, he was only close to his brother Theo and sister Wilhelmina, and Theo was Van Gogh's greatest supporter and admirer during this life. Six months after Van Gogh's death in 1890, Theo followed its older brother to... Although Van Gogh's father was only a priest, the Van Gogh family had a very high social status at the time, as several of Van Gogh's uncles and uncles were "very influential" at the time:
"Uncle Hein" (Hendrick Vincent van Gogh) was one of the most influential men in the world, and he was one of the most influential in the world. Hendrick Vincent van Gogh 1814 - 1877) opened a gallery in Rotterdam and later moved to Brussels.
"Uncle Jan" Johannes van Gogh (Johannes van Gogh 1817.8.19-1885) A naval commander living in Amsterdam, Van Gogh lived for a time in his uncle's house in 1877.
"Uncle Cor" Cornelis Marinns van Gogh 1824 - 1908 was also a dealer in paintings. Van Gogh and Theo often referred to him as C.M.
"Uncle Cent" Vincent van Gogh 1820 - 1888 (the same name as Van Gogh) was a major dealer. As a child, he did not attend university because of poor health. He started out selling painting materials in The Hague, where he was a very talented and shrewd man. Within a few years his gallery became famous all over Europe. In a few years his gallery became famous throughout Europe and he entered into a joint stock contract with Goupil&Cie, the largest gallery in the world at the time, based in Paris. Van Gogh and Theo both worked in his uncle's store, Goupil & Cie in The Hague.
There are a few more to mention:
Anton Mauve (1838.9.18-1888.2.5) was a representative of the Hague School of Painters, and Van Gogh was instructed by him in The Hague. His wife, Jet Mauve (originally Jet Carbentus 1856-94), was Van Gogh's cousin. Her mother, Fie Carbentus, was a sister to Van Gogh's mother, and Jet was one of Fie's three daughters.
Main reference:Jo van Gogh-Bonger's Memoir of Vincent van Gogh