One. How to maintain after menopause
1, appropriate sports and exercise, such as square dancing, climbing, jogging, etc., more participation in group exercise, can improve the quality of sleep, promote blood circulation and respiratory function, delay aging, reduce dementia, women's breast cancer, cervical cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
2, women still have the risk of getting breast disease after menopause, or should always do self-check. In addition, you can choose the right bra to help keep your breasts in shape.
3, choose swimming and other sports that do not aggravate the burden on the joints, and wear fewer high-heeled shoes with thicker soles to ensure the cushioning ability of the shoes after middle age.
4, control a balanced diet, eat less high-fat food, and strengthen the heart function exercise without damaging the bones. Hormone supplementation therapy from early menopause under a doctor's supervision is also beneficial for cardiovascular protection.
5, regular physical examination, women after menopause should be regular physical examination, have a comprehensive understanding of their own body, to achieve early detection of disease, early treatment. Gynecological examination is mainly about breast, female private parts, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and so on.
6, dealing with dry female private parts. It seems that the decline in desire is related to the dryness of female private parts. Because dry female private parts can cause painful intercourse. There are female private parts lubricating creams on the market, both estrogen-containing and non-estrogen-containing water-soluble, which can lubricate the female private parts and solve the problem of dryness of female private parts during coitus.
7, need to pay attention to blood nourishment, postmenopausal women's diet is too poor, will increase the risk of anemia. Researchers say, for older women, should be early detection of anemia symptoms, as early as possible through dietary modification, strengthen the iron, vitamin B12 and amino acid nutritional intake, while receiving the necessary treatment, you can control the condition of anemia in older women.
8, maintain an optimistic mindset, optimistic attitude towards this stage of a woman's life, to maintain mental health, do a good job of psychological adjustment. You can properly cultivate hobbies, cultivate sentiment, divert attention, and keep a happy mood. The most important thing is to control their own emotions, learn to comfort themselves in adversity, encountered things that do not go well initiative to the side of the relatives, friends, can not be resolved should seek the help of a psychiatrist.
9, eat more fresh fruits and leafy greens, such as apples, pears, bananas, oranges, hawthorn, fresh dates and greens, tomatoes, carrots and so on, these foods have a better treatment for anemia. Available cinnamon, jujube, red small beans, glutinous rice, lotus seeds and other porridge to eat. Meanwhile, eat more food containing iron, calcium and fiber to make up for the loss of blood and reduce osteoporosis. Fiber, in particular, can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation and reduce the absorption of cholesterol.
10, delay menopause, women often appear before and after menopause, menstrual disorders, low desire, early menopause, skin loss of luster, back pain, osteoporosis, these menopausal symptoms are directly related to premature ovarian failure. Eating more soybeans, black beans and other legumes can lower cholesterol, prevent hardening of blood vessels and maintain the ovaries; eat more foods that tonify the kidneys, nourish the ovaries and regulate the efficacy of females, such as black rice, He Shouwu, purple grapes, and black-bone chicken. Eat less sugar and fat food, especially to limit the intake of animal fat and fat meat.
II. What are the precautions after menopause
1. Breast cancer mostly develops during menopause
China's women with breast cancer have a low age of onset, and at the time of diagnosis, about 55% of the patients are in the premenopausal or perimenopausal period. In addition to medication, menopausal women should pay more attention to their lives and adhere to scientific dietary habits and lifestyles.
2, menopausal women women's private parts of poor self-purification
Women's private parts have the ability to self-purify in order to maintain the health of the guide. But in different physiological stages, the female private parts of women's self-purification ability is going to change. In the early childhood, pregnancy pre-menstrual period, menopause, women's female private parts of the self-purification ability are relatively poor, easy to infection, women have to do a good job of protection measures.
3, menopause will also suffer from gynecological disease
Many older women will think that they have passed menopause, no longer have "aunt" patronage, but also no longer have the ability to reproduce, naturally, with gynecological disease insulation. The root cause of common gynecological diseases in older women, such as geriatric priapism and pelvic floor dysfunction, is the decline in estrogen levels in the female body. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of diseases from the source, it is best for women to start estrogen supplementation therapy before or during menopause.
4, one year after menopause still need to contraception
Many women have been through the oral contraceptive pill contraception. Female contraceptives are designed to prevent pregnancy by changing the normal hormone levels in the body and affecting the process of ovulation and conception. However, it is not suitable for women over 40 years old to take birth control pills for a long period of time, because after entering the perimenopause, the ovarian function decreases and menstruation begins to be disorganized, and the birth control pills to inhibit ovulation may be more likely to cause endocrine disorders.
Peri-menopausal women may not be able to menstruate for several months or even a year, so it is important to determine if you have been menopausal for a year. Because there may still be follicles remaining after menopause, contraception is still needed for 12 months after menopause, and can only be discontinued one year after menopause.
5, menstruation after menopause may be inflammation
Postmenopausal women to "menstruation" can pay attention to, this is not a "return to childhood" good phenomenon, but the postmenopausal hemorrhage, commonly known as "inverted". This is not a good sign of "rejuvenation", but postmenopausal bleeding, commonly known as "backward blossoming". Postmenopausal bleeding can be caused by diseases of the vulva, female genitalia, uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Middle-aged and elderly women who are menopausal and then "menstruation", accurately said to be menopausal one year after the female private parts bleeding, the people commonly known as "reverse blossom", clinically known as postmenopausal hemorrhage. Postmenopausal bleeding can be caused by diseases of the vulva, female genitalia, uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes. Its causative factors may be inflammatory, endocrine (endogenous or medical), traumatic, foreign body, or even systemic bleeding disorders, which may be benign as well as malignant tumors and nonorganic diseases.
6, beware of menopause too late or for tumor signs
Once a woman is menopausal means a lot of aging, so many women think that delaying menopause is a sign of youth, in fact, this idea is very wrong. Research has found that delayed menopause is a very likely sign of ovarian tumors.
Some experts believe that the age of menopause should not be more than 53 years old, or _ should be alert to the possibility of ovarian tumor. This kind of ovarian tumor which causes the delay of menopause age is mainly ovarian granulosa cell tumor and follicular membranous cell tumor, the former is a low malignant tumor, the latter is a benign tumor of the ovary, and sometimes these two kinds of tumors can be combined at the same time. In menopausal women with ovarian granulosa cell tumor or follicular membranous cell tumor, most of them have no other symptoms except menstrual disorders and delayed age of menopause.
III. Postmenopausal vigilance heart disease
1. Postmenopausal women are high-risk groups
a. Experts further explained that postmenopausal women suffering from coronary heart disease symptoms are far less typical of men, more low-profile and hidden, and are often easily confused with other diseases. Some patients with heart attack as the first symptom, and prone to recurrent myocardial infarction, also more susceptible than men to seasonal changes, complications and mortality rates are also higher than men, coronary heart disease is a common cause of sudden cardiac death, therefore, postmenopausal women, should be regular cardiac physical examination whether or not they suffer from coronary heart disease, in order to prevent sudden cardiac death.
b. In addition to menopausal women, the high-risk groups for sudden cardiac death include, patients with coronary heart disease, or people with heart failure, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and other heart diseases. In addition, people with bad habits such as smoking, drinking, and staying up late also belong to the high-risk group for sudden death. Patients with recurring palpitations, chest tightness and dizziness should pay attention to the electrocardiogram.
c. Experts emphasize that sudden cardiac death occurs very suddenly and there is almost no time for resuscitation. Sudden cardiac death is often caused by malignant arrhythmias, which include fast arrhythmias and slow arrhythmias. The fast arrhythmia is mainly ventricular tachycardia (ventricular tachycardia), which accounts for about 80-90% of cases. When this malignant fast arrhythmia occurs, the heart's ejection function is very low, which is equivalent to the heart stopping beating. Ventricular flutter and fibrillation (ventricular fibrillation) occurs in another 20% or so of patients, producing cardiac arrest, or sudden cardiac arrest, when the heart is unable to eject blood.
d. Experts say that for people at high risk of sudden cardiac death, the first step is to treat underlying conditions, such as coronary artery disease, which needs to be treated with drugs, coronary stent implantation, or coronary artery bypass grafting, and heart failure, which needs to be treated to improve heart function. If the patient has ventricular tachycardia, it can be eliminated by radiofrequency ablation, and if the patient is in ventricular fibrillation, it can be treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.
2. Repeated syncope should be taken seriously
a. Experts say that patients with repeated syncope should be at high risk of sudden death, and that clinicians usually need to do further electrocardiographic examinations in addition to basic cardiac screening for such patients.
b. Electrocardiogram: An electrocardiogram can reveal a lot about a patient's heart, including whether the patient has ischemia, whether there is an arrhythmia, and what type of arrhythmia it is. Some patients have manifestations of underlying heart disease that can be detected by ECG, such as hereditary arrhythmias, Brugada syndrome, and so on.
c. Long-range ECG: Long-range ECG includes 24-hour ECG and 48-hour ECG, or by connecting the patient to a portable ECG recorder to record ECG, capture ECG changes when there are symptoms, analyze the pattern of changes in ECG etc. throughout the day, etc., and the doctor can perform remote ECG monitoring.
d. Cardiac recorder: If a patient has palpitations, dizziness, blackouts, and other symptoms that are not detected on an EKG, then the patient may need an implantable cardiac recorder. Experts say that an implantable cardiac recorder is actually a miniature electrocardiograph implanted under the skin, and this miniature electrocardiograph can record an electrocardiogram for a whole year or two or three years. When a patient develops symptoms, doctors can pull up the information at any time to see how the heart is beating and what the arrhythmia is.
e. Electrophysiology: Through a minimally invasive interventional procedure, a catheter is placed in the heart to see if the patient's arrhythmia can be induced by electrical stimulation, drug induction, and other methods.