Delayed retirement has no effect on who
Delayed retirement has no effect on who
Delayed retirement is also a hot topic. The essence of delayed retirement is to increase income and reduce expenditure. Worldwide, delayed retirement is a norm, and delayed retirement has no effect on which people.
Delayed retirement has no effect on which people 1The doctor and the gentleman in the major professions, belongs to a relatively separate delayed retirement, the impact on them as a whole is not very great. Coupled with the fact that there are some people due to strong talent, retirement and another may be rehired back, retired or not, the impact on them is not very large, rehired to a unit income, but also one more treatment, retirement pensions will be richer.
Civil servants will not be very much affected, although the work itself is relatively boring, but fortunately stable, the longer the work time, the more pension insurance paid, the more pensions will get after retirement. Plus the cheated civil servants, very many people are highly educated, the impact of retirement will not be very big.
There are slices of people engaged in the work, although there is no stable salary, but he has a career I do, I pay my own pension insurance, generally as long as the payment of 15 years after the age of the pension can be received, so there is no impact on them.
In short, delayed retirement has become a foregone conclusion, which is the inevitable trend of social development, although many people say that it is not friendly, but income can be increased, especially the doctor and Mr. is a very big beneficiary, not only the impact of a very small, and there is the possibility of being rehired, retired and not retired, there are no changes, but also an increase in income.
This is a very dry cause that is off disproportionate, aging tension, resurrection of children off the decline, resulting in having to delay the retirement, so that talented people in the position to stay a while longer, to make up for the gap in the talent.
The tendency of the blood-capital environment is at a low level still chasing profits, private enterprises due to certain reasons, temporarily not very strong competitiveness, but in the future, private enterprises will still become the main technical aspects of the lack of, so that very many enterprises to stop, delayed retirement is expected to be able to make more excellent talent distribution uniform.
Delayed retirement disguised as progress in the income of young working groups, very many young people are not willing to pay social security, rare to save the money, with social security will give me the hazards encountered in the future, thrifty certain price, save the money matched to earn.
Now the pressure of old age is increasing, and the naive retirement method, can make the pension doubly naive, timeliness of the rate adjustment, to friends to bring convenience.
From the current point of view the environmental tendency is still the main force, in order to benign development, delayed retirement will gradually implement. Overall view the benefits outweigh the disadvantages, cut the national financial expenditure, ease the pressure of pension expenditure.
Conclusion: the delayed retirement impact is still very large after 80 and 90, as the environmental trend of the country's pillar, they are burdened with biased important obligations, which need to do a good job of planning in advance. For delayed retirement, friends need to treat with a precise attitude, do not take the bull by the horns.
Delayed retirement has no effect on who 2
Delayed retirement is also a hot topic.
The essence of delayed retirement is to increase income and reduce expenditure.
Worldwide, delayed retirement is the norm because it is dictated by the form of social insurance.
But for China, the promotion of delayed retirement, but it is an incredibly difficult thing, from the delayed retirement project to promote to now, there is no official official program can be put in front of the public to review.
And this time, it has been more than a decade.
Every year, the topic will always be taken out and fired again, but every year, you can not see any specific program.
But one of the expectations formed for the whole society is that this program will be launched soon.
So where does the problem lie? Why is it so difficult to delay retirement program?
We first need to figure out what is the institutional basis for this retirement thing? That is collective ownership.
The retirement system, which originated in Germany, first needs to define a collective, that is, who is a member of the collective and who is eligible for collective insurance benefits.
When that collective is smaller, then there are fewer relative problems.
If the collective is large, even more than a billion people as in China, then it is a big problem.
From the distribution of pensions, the first is divided into two major collectives, urban and rural, those who pay urban pensions are one collective, and those who pay rural pensions are another collective.
But for a long time, the big collective, the city, was divided into smaller collectives, that is, each city was responsible for the pensions of each member of the city.
People in Changsha can't go to Shenzhen to collect their pensions, and each place is responsible for collecting and distributing social security in each place.
Then the income and expenditure of different cities is not the same, as far as I know, the current income and expenditure of the whole of China is the highest positive ratio of Dongguan, social insurance surplus of more than 200 billion yuan, while many cities in the northeast, is in a state of chronic inability to make ends meet, have to rely on the central financial subsidies.
Does this situation make sense? Many mainland officials are upset that our young people are sent to the coast to work, they pay social security locally and their parents receive pensions in their hometowns, so of course we can't pay.
So, on this issue of pensions, there is now a move towards national co-ordination, which means that any money paid in any part of the country is distributed centrally by the central government, and this process of co-ordination has already begun, and the proportion will gradually increase.
Coordination is to eliminate the small collective, to become a large collective.
And in the face of a large collective, to introduce a delayed retirement rules, it becomes incredibly difficult.
Because the differences between the regions are too great, to force a set of rules to unify want to come, which is very difficult.
So what are the differences?
The first difference is the difference in life expectancy
Life expectancy is not the same in all regions, and Shanghai and Beijing are developed countries' life expectancy standards, while Yunnan and Ningxia are still developing countries' life expectancy standards, with a difference of about ten years.
Let's assume that a man retires at age 60, so a man in Yunnan and Ningxia can get a 10-year pension, and a man in Shanghai and Beijing can get a 20-year pension.
If we delay it to age 65, the man in Ningxia will have to pay five more years of social insurance and receive five fewer years of pension, and he will have only five years of pension in his life to collect.
We assume that the average monthly payment of social security in Yunnan 1000 yuan, the average monthly pension of 3000 yuan, before the delayed retirement program, he can receive 36,000 yuan per year, ten years to receive 360,000 yuan pension.
After the implementation of the program? He needs to pay five years of social security, 12,000 yuan a year, five years **** counted 60,000 yuan, and he can receive a pension is shrunk by half, can only receive 180,000 yuan, minus the 60,000 yuan he paid, that is, the total income of 120,000 yuan after his 60 years of age.
That's a dramatic 66%, or two-thirds, reduction in his retirement income relative to pre-program.
Well, let's compare the Shanghai-Beijing situation.
First of all, eliminate the regional social security base difference, we assume that the average monthly payment of social security in Shanghai is also 1,000 yuan, the average monthly pension is also 3,000 yuan, before the delayed retirement program, he can receive 36,000 yuan per year, due to its average life expectancy of long, he can receive twenty years, so he can receive 720,000 pension.
And after the program? He needs to pay five years of social security, $12,000 a year, five years **** counted $60,000, while he can receive a pension of 540,000 yuan, minus the 60,000 yuan he paid, that is, his total income after 60 years of age is 480,000 yuan.
That's a 34% reduction in his retirement income relative to pre-program, or a one-third reduction.
As you can see, the size of the impact is different in different life expectancy regions.
And that's just in terms of regional differences in longevity, there are also specific occupational lifespans that are different.
For example, the life expectancy of a miner is significantly lower than that of a civil servant.
Programmers also have a significantly lower life expectancy than university teachers.
Because the intensity of work is not the same, resulting in different physical damage, and some are specialties, such as dealing with toxic and hazardous substances for a long time, the life expectancy will also be affected.
If you divide the population by occupation, the difference in the degree of damage between different people is even greater.
For example, some occupations may have an average life expectancy just a little above 65, and that makes their sense of impairment even stronger.
Disease is an agnostic risk, but if there is a clear occupational characteristic, then it's harder to convince them of that.
Secondly, there are regional economic differences
I mentioned earlier that pension insurance revenues vary from place to place, and expenditures are different, leading to losses in the interior and profits in some cities along the coast, and hence the co-ordinated approach.
But the integrated approach is no less troublesome.
Assuming that all pensions go to the central government and are distributed by the central government, the differences in pensions across the region can't help but be confronted.
Because Shanghai's pension income is significantly higher than that of the Yunnan county, the formula I calculated above , if you add their income disparity, then it is even more problematic.
The average retirement salary of a Shanghai person may be more than one-third of the difference with a Yunnan person.
Let's add the regional differences and do the math again.
Let's assume that the average monthly contribution to social security in Shanghai is also 2,000 yuan, and the average monthly pension is also 5,000 yuan, before the delayed retirement program, he can receive 60,000 yuan per year, and because of its long average life expectancy, he can receive twenty years, so he can receive 1.2 million pension.
And after the program? He needs to pay five years of social security, $24,000 a year, five years **** totaling $120,000, while the pension he can receive is $1.2 million, minus the $120,000 he paid, which means his total income after age 60 is $1.08 million.
And the Yunnanese's total retirement income is 120,000 yuan, which is a difference of nearly ten times.
Since it is nationally coordinated, and the source of income of the Shanghai people after retirement, there are also the sons and daughters of underdeveloped provinces working in Shanghai on the premiums, so the parents who stayed in their hometowns have such a big gap between their income and that of the local retirees in Shanghai, which can be accepted?
The original difference was 5:10, and the difference became 2:8 after the delayed retirement.
The difference was already not small, and the delayed retirement will magnify this gap, making the sense of unfairness and damage even stronger.
Third, the difference between different systems
A significant portion of the public system is reluctant to retire because there are too many benefits to being on the job.
For example, looking for him to do a lot of people, engaged in the oil and water, there is additional income, social status, etc., but if retired, many people do not adapt to, no official is not a light, but a pain.
Even if there is no official, many employees in the system also have a variety of benefits, while they are at this age, the work is extremely easy, and can even say, is in the unit while working pension. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world, and you'll be able to do that.
Then a few years later, what's the point of retiring, why don't you do what's good for you?
And the number of people in the system is extremely large, including state-owned enterprises, institutions, civil servants and so on.
And civil servants, career staff there is also a generally longer life, retirement pay and other greater differences, which makes the contradiction between the government and the people more prominent.
You see, there is a group of people incredibly supportive of delayed retirement, and because of this benefit is obvious, in the delayed retirement policy is expected, has made countless people have long been to wildly spray the difference between the two systems of retirement.
Then, like Europe and the United States, a unified retirement timetable, which can only bring infinite quarrels of scolding.
Fourth, the gender difference
The difference in life expectancy between men and women is very obvious, with the average life expectancy of a woman being three to four years higher than that of a man, and the retirement time being five years earlier than that of a man.
For a long time, female workers also adopted the policy of retiring at 50, and even now some women can retire at 50.
This policy of giving preferential treatment to women has led to the formation of China's special phenomenon of the square-dancing amazons.
A large number of Chinese amazons have retired early, and with nowhere to vent their energy, square dancing is the best way to do it.
And to be able to dance for an hour or two a day, with this kind of physical strength, they can do any job.
In cities like Beijing and Shanghai, women can receive pensions for up to 30 years or more, or even for as long as they have worked, which means that half of their adult lives are dependent on social security benefits.
When Russia pushed for a delay in retirement, it was close to the average time of death for men, meaning that only women could actually collect their real pensions, which was so controversial that it was forced to be adjusted.
Even with such a long retirement period, women who are not part of the system are opposed to delaying retirement because they believe that they are also taking on the work of bringing up their grandchildren, and that it is difficult for women in their fifties to find good jobs and take on household chores, and that retiring too late will affect family stability.
And the purpose of delayed retirement is to reduce expenditure and increase income, half of the population is five or even ten years in advance to receive, while paying less for five years, this in and out, is a huge difference.
And in developed regions, such a difference can be as high as hundreds of thousands.
And will be men and women to equalize the time of retirement, may meet the resistance of public opinion that is unimaginable. A woman is hundreds of ducks, hundreds of millions of women at the same time, I'm afraid the sky is half black.
Well, after these differences, we look at the 14th Five-Year Plan and 2035 Vision Outline, "small steps to adjust, flexible implementation, categorization and promotion, integrated and balanced" of the 'delayed retirement program principles.
Small steps of adjustment, that is, every once in a while to extend a little bit, but the problem is that when the program is put forward, not the current immediately after the retirement of the people feel the pain, but the 70, 80, 90, and even 00 will come out to oppose, because it involves the specific interests of each person,
Flexible implementation, that is, not necessarily in the whole country to engage in a sweeping, this occupation is so, that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so, and that occupation is so. This occupation is so engaged, that occupation is so engaged, and give the individual a certain amount of decision-making power, I guess it must be to learn from the United States, that is, you can not delay, but the pension will receive less, and if you delay the retirement, you can receive more.
But this is not very effective, the amount of the U.S. pension can not be high, and generally is more than a thousand dollars, far below the median income of Americans 3000 dollars, and China's pension is basically about the same as the wages of local young people. Because of the high amount, the loss of delay is not easily covered by the increased pension. For people to be willing to delay, that would require raising the range of wages that come with a willingness to delay, which creates even more financial pressure in the future , and even if implemented, it's just a way to shift that pressure into the future.
Classification to promote, that is, occupational, institutional differences, perhaps it is saying, the system will not engage in the extension of the system to engage in the extension of the system, do you think this is feasible?
Integration and balance, but also the most important to have supporting means and measures, can not be delayed retirement and delayed retirement, I guess will also be introduced to stimulate the employment of middle-aged and elderly people, increase the number of public child care, and other such supporting means.
But I still think that this pot of vegetables is not good to fry, how to fry, will cause great controversy.
As with the implementation of a per-unit levy on property tax, it is difficult to introduce, and it is unlikely that any program will achieve much social ****sense or be accepted by the majority of people by default or acceptance.
I think there is only one program, simple and brutal and feasible, socialist country, all the people with the same **** suffering, since the state allocates money, then send the same more.
Whether it is a civil servant or a farmer or an employee, the universal retirement uniform only 500 a month, while reducing the social security contribution standard, gradually return to each home, each supporting the state of each mother, this is the best.
The Yunnan elderly working in Shanghai sons and daughters, they only need to pay three hundred dollars a month in Shanghai, the rest of the money they send back home to the old age of the mother, he did not incense? Why pay three or four thousand a month to the elderly Shanghai pension?
Young people to reduce social security contributions, this money directly to their parents on the good, do not engage in a group of parents group system, so that the children pay the money do not know which old man to support the old man, the old man's pension do not know the source of which children, which is what the decency of this is simply a corruption of human decency.
We Chinese people do not learn from the West this kind of group father group mom system, only a father, only a mother, their own parents raise their own, is the tradition of thousands of years.
Don't toss what delayed retirement, regardless of men and women, all to the age of 60 retirement, men and women equal rights. The pension is only five hundred dollars, earlier or later is not important, so as to save endless arguments.
Is it reasonable for officials to get only five hundred dollars? The only thing I can say is that I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that. Very reasonable. Their sons and daughters often have better education, better jobs, and more access, so raising a dad is nothing.
As for the history of more contributions, plus the regular interest, slowly pay back, the total historical contribution amount is also a few hundred trillion, digested is not difficult.
Imagine a question, if you do not delay retirement to get the benefits, is borne by their own children, the old people will oppose delayed retirement? Of course, will not oppose, their own work a few more years, children's burden will be reduced a little, but, other people's children, off the old man's ass! I can't delay it, I have to get more retirement pay.
Social security really want to go on for a long time, it will drag everyone down, all the old people will try to fight for more pensions, and everyone will be against delayed retirement, anyway, it is the other children's money, which will make the new generation can not see a little hope.
Japan's decades-long economic stagnation is a tragedy of the commons. Countless countries have stepped into this pit, so let's not.