Ansei waist drum is famous for its unique style, boldness and ruggedness, vigor and exuberance, magnificent and world-famous, which organically combines the rice-planting songs and martial arts movements, fully expresses the simplicity and simplicity of the people of the yellow earth, brave and mighty, but also open to optimism of the character. The performance of Ansai Waist Drums is not limited by the venue, nor by the number of people. On the road, the square, the stage can be performed, can be a single person playing, can be two people playing, can be dozens of people and even hundreds of people playing. The singles leaped and spun across, such as the waterfly, such as the spring swallows, such as the mud, such as the horse galloped, such as the tiger show power; group fight can change a variety of wonderful patterns, such as the wild horses and rabbits cross-country.
Waist Drums
Ansei Waist Drums are divided into two kinds of drums: the cultural drums are mainly twisted, and the twisting is light; the martial arts drums are mainly played, and the twisting is light. Ansai Waist Drums are quick to release and fast to close, changing rapidly, natural and generous, cheerful and smooth, rigid and flexible, flexible, in the development and evolution of the process of dance, martial arts, gymnastics, percussion, wind music, folk songs and so on into one, so that their own from the content to the form of a richer, more ornamental, entertaining.
Ansei Waist Drums are mostly performed in a collective form, and the drummers (called satchel drummers or kick drummers) are as few as dozens of people, and as many as a hundred or more. The team includes pulling flowers female corner, umbrella head, barbarian mother-in-law, barbarian and other roles, and running donkey ', water boat, and other kinds of small field program composed of a vast folk dance team. In the performance emphasizes the overall effect, requires the action of the neat unity and formation changes in the normative, mainly through the drummers bold and rugged dance and powerful drumming skills, fully demonstrated in the man of the Loess Plateau men's masculinity of the beauty.
Customs
Ansei Waist Drums has a complete performance program and activity customs. In the past, it was performed in festivals and temple fairs, and the annual Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival is the time for concentrated activities. Before the start of the event, the president of the temple (elected by the village) to organize sacrificial activities, known as the temple: dance team under the umbrella of the head of the drums and gongs, blowing the oboe, and sometimes carry a whole pig whole sheep and other offerings to the temple to burn incense to the gods, praying for the gods to bless the wind and the rain, the country and the people's peace. And in the temple square kicking and punching for a while, intended to entertain the gods. Visit the temple at the end of the first month after eight or nine, the waist drum team will begin the New Year's activities by the door, commonly known as along the door. There is a local proverb: gongs and drums and suona straight ringing miles, buttocks under the stick pry miles! The masses can't sit still. At this time, the waist drum team according to the situation in the village in order to walk around the house, in the courtyard of the main house, kiln performance for a while, the umbrella head according to the situation of each family, touching the scene to sing a few sections of auspicious rice-planting songs, in order to express the New Year's greetings. The host family is that the waist drum team into the yard into the household knocking and beating, jumping and singing, can eliminate disasters and difficulties, the four seasons of peace. This may be the customary legacy of the ancient country people Nuo. Sometimes two teams of waist drums on the way to meet, generally by the umbrella head of each other singing rice-planting songs, *** congratulations on the New Year, make way and go, but sometimes there will be a mutual failure to give way to the situation, at the moment we have to compete in the art of competition, to compete for a high and low. The drums and gongs of the two teams were in full swing, and the sound of suona and waist drums was like the rolling of spring thunder. Drummers beat and jump as much as they like, like crazy, playing to the climax, the drums will stop for a while, and the umbrella head of both sides will come out to sing to each other, which is also an aspect of the competition skills. Until there is a team of the first corner of the disorganization, action is not unanimous, drums, formations are not unified to a piece or the song on the answer, even if the loss, and then take the initiative to make way for the winner to go first.
Along the door after the end of the neighboring villages, the waist drum team also want to pay their respects to each other, each other visit, the exchange of performances, which is the same as the Shaanbei rice-planting, called take color door. The first month of the fifteenth, the village drum team gathered in the square, began to compete with each other than each other activities. Drummers from all walks of life show their skills and compare each other's strengths and weaknesses, becoming the culmination of the year's drumming performances. This is not only active rural Spring Festival recreational activities, but also through each other to observe and learn from each other, promote the popularization and improvement of the waist drum. That night will also be held to turn the lamp (also known as turn nine songs), almost everyone is competing for the tour, the whole family with the turn. At that time, drums and music, lights flashing, waist drum team in front of the guide, followed by the crowd, presenting a lively and extraordinary scene.
The activities of the drum team often continue until the 17th or 18th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, and end only after sacrificing to the God of the Land. After that, the townspeople went to prepare for the spring plowing.
Performance Forms
The performance forms of waist drums can be broadly categorized into road drums and field drums.
The road drums are a form of performance in which the waist drum team walks and dances while marching, led by two umbrella heads, followed by the drums and the dance team composed of flowers B-umbrella head followed by a satchel drums, known as the head of the road drums, he is bound to be skilled drummers, the whole team's movement changes and the rhythm of the rush, all commanded by him. The rear of the team, is dressed as a barbarian woman, barbarian clowns, but also some dressed as the Monkey King, Pigsy and other characters in the Tang Monk scriptures, randomly twisting, teasing and making fun to add to the joyful atmosphere of the festival. Road drums as a result of the marching performance, the general action is simple, small amplitude, more cross-steps, walking steps, horse stance wrapped around the waist? and other movements. Commonly used formations are single crossing the street, double crossing the street, single dragon swinging tail, double dragon swinging tail.
The field drum is the form of performance after the waist drum team arrives at the performance place and opens the field. At the beginning, the head of the umbrella waved the umbrella, and then the drums and music sounded, and the dancers danced with the head of the umbrella. This section is called stepping on the field, the performance rhythm is slow, the purpose is to open the field, pull open the team, stabilize the audience mood. The second part of the song and dance, the performance of the tempo gradually faster, the action amplitude is larger, the formation changes a lot. Commonly used formations are the god building, ancient temples, hanging gold medals in front of the god, rich and noble constantly head, monks traveling door and so on. To lead out of the sun arc pattern, umbrella head stand to the center of the field to lead the singing of rice-planting songs, singing depending on the occasion and the object, visit the temple, there are temple offerings, the general performance of the New Year's greetings to the audience, there are also celebrating the harvest and wishing good luck and other content. Umbrella head singing, the dancers in the field at the edge of the slow circle, and repeat the last sentence of each section of the catch-singing, commonly known as catching the sound. After singing, the umbrella head exits the venue, and the sidecar drummer and the flower puller enter the performance, coming out of a variety of complex and varied formations. At this moment is not limited by time, the dancers to express their skills, passionate emotions, ups and downs, so that the performance reaches a climax.
Ansei waist drums in order to highlight the skills of the satchel drums, the performance of the venue drums by the satchel drums in the field alone. Drummers in the head of the drums under the command of the drummer, the spirit of exhilaration, drums dancing wildly, at this time only to see the drumsticks waving, colorful silk flying, drums, such as thunder, shocking the earth, the sound force is compelling, extremely infectious.
After the end of this section, then interspersed with other forms of small field programs, such as donkey, water boats, stilts, two ghosts fighting, big head monk. The number of program forms depends on the talent and conditions of each village. After the small-field program, a big-field waist drum is performed. At this moment, the gongs and drums are beaten quickly, the suona is blown tightly, the drumming is more intense, and the mood is more cheerful, so that the whole show ends in a strong atmosphere and high mood.
Style and rhythm
Ansei Waist Drums are based on different styles and rhythms of the original cultural and martial arts, the cultural waist drums are relaxed and happy, dashing and lively, with a small range of action, similar to the style of the rice-planting songs; the martial arts waist drums are joyful and fierce, rough and spirited, and there are large kicks, jumps and rotary movements, especially the drummer's aerial leaping skills, which give people a sense of martial arts and excitement. Wen, martial arts waist drums gradually combined to form a new style, and to Ansai's West Hekou Township and Zhenwudong two most distinctive. They vividly reflect the naive and simple temperament and character traits of the local people. Especially in the performance, and organic blend of folk martial arts and rice-planting dance movements, relaxation and tension, live and not chaotic, in and out of the orderly, majestic, thick and powerful. The crowd praised it as a generous style and a hard code.
Characteristics
The stylistic characteristics of Ansai Waist Drums can be summarized as follows:
1. The dancers' hearts are expressed through the changes in the rhythm. The dancers can't help shaking their heads and shoulders slightly when they hit the drums, so that the inner feelings and outer rhythms are organically combined to achieve both God's shape and harmony;
2. The dancers swing their mallets and hit the drums with a fierce force, whether they are hitting on the top, hitting on the bottom, or hitting on the waist, and they have to throw the mallets away with both hands. But although hard but not barbaric, appear to be upright and thick, fierce force in the still not lose its sense of finesse;
3. Doing kicks, jumping action, whether it is a big kick, small kicks or stomping action, there should be a stock of brute force. Rhythmic, difficult, on behalf of the Ansai waist drum rough and bold, strong and spirited style; 4. Drumming turn is the key to the performance of the Ansai waist drum. In the dance all do squatting, kicking action will turn around, turn around must be fierce, especially do jump in the air landing squat, turn around, side start a set of action combinations, must be in a fixed beat, the use of rapid force in order to complete the action of the changes and connections;
5. The complexity of the form of the movement, jumping amplitude is large. With the acceleration of the rhythm of the performance, the foot began to complex kicking and jumping, and increase the amplitude of the body swinging from side to side. Such as doing horse stomps, even turn, horse jumps and other actions, the dancers use the bow step backward jump twice, and then the left leg stride forward, the right leg stomps and rises, the potential of the dragon as a tiger leap, showing a kind of tenacity and struggle of the state of mind.
Satchel drums dress dress and traditional opera. In the martial arts in the similar, wearing black tight qua; head wearing a straw hat circle; wear beard, face to red, eyebrows to thick, when the performance of the beard to swing open. With the change of time, the dancer's costume is also changing. West Hekou township around the waist drum costume, has been close to life, and Zhenwudong waist drum team dress; still retains the ancient warrior dress, head tie hero scarf, waist girdle war skirt, foot stirrups red tasseled shoes, rather like the ancient battlefield soldiers and generals.
Ansei waist drums in addition to the dancers themselves hit the drums as the main accompaniment, there are also folk drumming band accompaniment, drums, cymbals, gongs, etc., and other suona playing song, commonly used song (Soshan order).