What is the folk dance of the Dai people

What is the folk dance of the Dai people

What is the folk dance of the Dai people, China is a multi-ethnic country, each ethnic group has its own unique culture. Dance as a kind of expression, and not subject to the limitations of language and text of the special cultural phenomena, then you know what the folk dance of the Dai people.

What is the folk dance of the Dai people1

Dance of the Dai people, is a characteristic dance of the Dai people to express their feelings.

The Dai dance is divided into the categories of self-entertainment dance, performance dance, ritual dance, martial arts dance, etc. Most of them are graceful and slow in rhythm, but also light and bright.

One: Peacock Dance

The Dai language is called "Jaluochong", "Bothering Jaluochong", or "Jarnanluo". This is the most popular dance of the Dai people, which is spread in the Dai settlement. The rich and beautiful Dai Township, known as the "Peacock Township", used to be a place where peacocks danced in a charming manner whenever the morning sun was shining or the setting sun was shining, so the peacock in the hearts of the Dai people is a symbol of good luck, happiness, beauty and goodness. During festivals, the Dai people gather together to watch peacock dances and dances that express the peacock's habits based on folk stories, myths and legends, and Buddhist scriptures performed by folk artists. For example, the Peacock Dance based on the mythological story "The Devil and the Peacock" is still popular among the people. The dance shows that the devil wants to take over the peacock as his wife, and the peacock with a human face and a bird's body, struggling to shake their beautiful feathers, that gorgeous, brilliant light makes the devil brothers blind, and the peacock won the victory.

Two: Elephant Foot Drum Dance

The Dai language is called "Jar Guang" or "Bother Guang" (the Dai language called the drum "light"), and the dance is "Jar Guang" or "Bother Guang". (the Dai language calls the drum "Guang" and the dance "Jar"). "Jaguang" is the most popular men's dance in the Dai area. Whenever rice-planting and harvest time comes, the elephant foot drum dance is performed to celebrate. The elephant-foot drum is not only a prop for folk dance, but also the main instrument to accompany other dances. When the Dai people are entertained, there must be drums and drums, and only under the accompaniment of the elephant foot drums can the dance be performed with sound and color and sound.

Three: Jar Companion Light Dance

"Jar Companion Light" is the meaning of dancing around the drum in a circle, which is the Dai people's most popular and most prevalent collective dance, it is not limited to the location of the time, dozens of hundreds of people can be surrounded by a circle according to clockwise direction dance, festivals all night. It is the most popular and prevalent collective dance among the Dai people. It is not limited to location and time, and dozens or hundreds of people can dance in a circle clockwise.

The dance is simple and enthusiastic, with outstanding features, women's knee tremor is more uniform, and more hands and feet dance. Generally, the "erratic step", "undulating step", "point step", "bow and arrow step" and other steps are the main. The hand movements are simpler, generally in the natural hand style in front of the chest alternately down around the wrist or from the armpit up to pull out the hand.

Four: double-sided drum dance

The Dai language called "light state", "light two", "light double La", "light Hong", "light Mengyang", etc., circulating in the Dai settlement area, is the oldest kind of Dai drum. This kind of drum is big at one end and small at the other, and both sides are covered with skins. Small double-sided drum length of about one and a half feet, can be hung horizontally on the body, dance with the right hand with the palm of the drum, the left hand with a bamboo piece of the drum, the action of the ups and downs, commonly used in deep squatting and other dance, three bends modeling is more prominent. Large double-sided drum body basket meters, diameter 67 centimeters. Need two people with bamboo poles to carry up, dancers swinging mallets, do cloud hand turn, sucking legs, kneeling and squatting and other actions to play the drum. Some drums are placed on the ground to play, drums sound powerful. The crowd formed a circle, holding flowers or handkerchiefs singing and dancing, similar to the performance form of the Cannes Light Dance.

What is the folk dance of the Dai people2

The Dai people of Xishuangbanna call the dance "Fan". Folk dances include: Van 婻no, Van Kwang Han, Van Kwang, Hafan, and Van Whole.

Where the 婻 Nuo, directly translated as the bird (bird) Princess dance, to imitate the movements of birds as the main feature. In this dance, molds with certain characteristics of bird feathers are used as props, and the dancers dance with the molds, accompanied by drums and sharp points. The Kono includes the Peacock Dance, the Heron Dance, and the Turtle Dance, among which the Peacock Dance is the most widely spread and most influential. Peacock dance with beautiful peacock wings, tail feathers, finch body as props, dancers body set of molds, simulation of peacock wings, shaking body, swinging tail open screen, jumping and other actions, has been refined by professional dance workers, processing into a beautiful stage art, loved by the audience.

Where the light Han, directly translated as the Golden Deer Dance, is a deer molds as props and performance of animal dance, can be a person wearing a device and dance, can also be more than one person wearing a device and dance. This kind of dance imitating the movement of wild animals also has lion dance, elephant dance and so on. The dance shape is beautiful and peculiar, very popular with the masses.

Where the light, directly translated as a drum. Dancers use drums as props, satchel drums or drums and dance, accompanying themselves. Drum dance, is a mass dance, limited to male performance, in the folk very widely spread. The common drum dance has Ga light drum dance, elephant foot drum dance, big drum dance and so on. Ga light drum dance is self-indulgent collective dance, dancers in a circle, according to the drum beat to move steps, legs or squatting or leaping, or curved or stretched out, wrists inside the curved outside, from time to time issued a yell, the atmosphere is very active. Elephant Foot Drum Dance, by one or more people satchel drums while dancing, with squatting, kicking, stomping, sweeping and other actions. Big drum dance, mainly performed by monks in Buddhist temples. The rhythm of the drum dance is resounding and fast, and the movements are compatible with the soft and rigid.

Where the whole, directly translated as martial arts dance, is a dance compatible with martial arts. It includes boxing dance, stick dance, knife dance and so on. The performance is often accompanied by percussion instruments such as drums, points and cymbals. The performer's pace and rhythm should be coordinated with the drum beat, and it is characterized by entertainment and self-defense.

In addition to the above dances with unified names, there are some dances reflecting the production, life and customs of the folk, and the common ones are hat dance, fan dance, garland dance, flower stick dance, wax bar dance, lotus dance, etc., which are characterized by dance movements to show some aspects of the Dai life with a strong sense of life.

What is the folk dance of the Dai people3

I. Characteristics of regional culture

The Dai people live in the dam area and the riverside at an average altitude of 500 to 1000 meters. The beautiful scenery and fertile land there are suitable for the growth of crops. It is recorded in history that about two thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Dai people entered the farming period of "building houses and fortresses, settling down and planting melons", and they were one of the earliest rice-growing peoples in China. The Dai people have been living in a stable environment with plenty of food and clothing for a long time, so they have a fresh, elegant, peaceful and kind national psychology.

More than a thousand years ago, Hinayana Buddhism was introduced to the Dai people and became their national faith, which had a profound and great influence on the politics, economy, culture and thought of the Dai society. Hinayana Buddhism is different from Mahayana Buddhism in that it only advocates "self-liberation, self-salvation, accumulation of good deeds, cultivation in the next life, and ultimately reaching Nirvana". Therefore, its dance style is not as majestic and magnificent as that of Mahayana Buddhism, which has the momentum of saving people from fire and water, but is more soft and beautiful, blending with the beautiful landscape scenery. For example, the "Wax Strip Dance" is a ceremonial dance performed by a woman, in which the dancer holds a burning candle in each hand and dances to the accompaniment of drums, cymbals and other musical instruments. The main movement is to move both hands inward or outward in a circle, or to half squat, or to kneel down, forming a variety of "three bends" in the dance, which is very soft and beautiful. Sometimes do a slow flow, candlelight with the changes in dance posture and swaying, creating a dignified, elegant, quiet, peaceful, pious, mysterious atmosphere. Candle smoke is a metaphor for light in Buddhism, so the dance carries the meaning of praying and wishing for blessings, hoping to seek the blessings of Buddha through this dance ritual, so that they can transcend and sublimate in the light. Another example is the popular Peacock Dance, which is also based on the story of King Peacock in the Buddhist scriptures. The dancers wear white clothes and necklaces, hold lotus flowers in their hands, and ride the golden peacock to pass on the scriptures. These white clothes, lotus flowers, and golden peacocks are all auspicious objects for the blessing of Buddha, and they are the portrayal of the national aesthetic psychology. The Lion Dance and the Elephant Dance are all derived from the Buddhist scriptures and have formed a fixed performance program. This phenomenon of "Buddha in the dance" is also a major feature of the Dai dance style.

Two, water cultural characteristics and subtropical flavor

(a) the causes of the subtropical flavor of the Dai folk dance

The Dai people live in the mountains surrounded by river valleys and dams, where the land is fertile, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, and the seasons are evergreen. The Dai villages in Dehong and Xishuangbanna, for example, are located along the river, with towering coconut trees and banana forests everywhere. People are living in bamboo buildings, bamboo cover, surrounded by streams, beautiful and quiet, a southern idyllic scene. Nurtured by this unique natural environment, the Dai people are gentle and kind-hearted, and their folk dances are full of subtropical flavors.

1, peaceful, soothing rhythm

The peaceful, soothing rhythm of the Dai folk dance comes from the environment in which they labor and live, and from their traditional aesthetic interests. The Dai live in the hot subtropical region, people naturally like the shade and water, like the moon and stars, the rhythm of labor life can not be too intense, after the return of the labor to clean, and after the meal and the gentle drums and free dancing. The Dai people, who are known for their cleanliness, love of beauty and skill in song and dance, have turned the purity of the water and the softness of the water flowing into their peaceful and soothing dance rhythm. In addition, people live in the subtropics and get along with the animals, and the dance naturally incorporates the artistic sublimation of these rare birds and animals, making it a dynamic cultural factor.

The Dai people, to varying degrees, have preserved the concepts of primitive worship and animism, as well as the "unity of heaven and mankind" of the agricultural culture, which makes them full of affinity for nature and harmony among people. After the introduction of Hinayana Buddhism, the "I am the only one who is good", the virtue and good deeds modeled after Buddha, combined with the original traditional concepts, formed the peaceful and kind character of the Dai people and their unique aesthetic psychology, which is blended into peaceful and soothing rhythms, and permeated through the dance movements and performances.

On the dynamic image of Dai folk dance, the dancers keep half-squatting posture, beat down, and in the even rhythm, the knee flexion and stretching drive the body up and down and swaying; the dance step or step or stomp, seems to be under the force, but it is a heavy, light fall, and the palm of the foot is steady on the ground. This even dance rhythm, the peacock's light, soft dance, there are elephants walking through the forest and slow, steady gait, but also in the elephant foot drums, cymbals and other musical instruments to harmonize the percussion accompaniment of the music, like a river, streams and bubbling, pleasing to the eye, refreshing the heart. The steady rhythm of the drums, the long musical notes and the even rhythm of the dance echo each other, enhancing the peaceful atmosphere and tropical flavor.

2, "three curves" and "a smooth side" of the dance modeling

Dai traditional aesthetic psychology is also reflected in the dance modeling.

The "three bends" and the bending of the arm joints in the Dai dance have their origin in the "snake and bird totem worship" of the ancient Baiyue people and their deep affection for water. From the bird totem of the ancient Baiyue people to the peacock worship of today's Dai people, it is the development of national life and national psychology for thousands of years. The natural form of the peacock is also characterized by "three curves", and the Dai people, through careful observation of the peacock, created the peacock dance and later incorporated religious factors into it. The beauty of the "Yishunbian" in the Dai dance originates from the labor life in the highland area, where the hands and feet come out from the same side to form the characteristic of "Yishunbian". Although the Dai people live on the flat dams between the valleys, the dynamic characteristics of the mountainous areas are also reflected in the labor life of the people, especially the women, who have the characteristics of "Yishunbian" in their gait and form in carrying water, picking grain, and raising the field of labor. The "Ishunbian" as a dance form is also related to aesthetic appeal. The body formed after the fusion of "three bends" and "one smooth side" is the dance modeling characteristic of the Dai ethnic group. The more typical ones are "Peacock Dance", "Elephant Foot Drum Dance", "Gaguang", "Yilaha", "Gadian (Wax Strip Dance)", etc.

The Dai folk dances are full of subtropical flavor.

(2) Causes of Water Cultural Characteristics

Water is the source of life, nourishes everything, and is good for health. The Dai people's love of water and diligence in washing is one of the characteristics of water culture. When people return from labor, they wash themselves before eating. The wells in the villages are equipped with exquisite, beautiful, tower-shaped well-covered buildings to keep the water source clean. This custom is a continuation of the ancient custom of purification. Purification of purification, from purification and "March 3" related customs, later, although due to regional and ethnic differences, the date is not necessarily on this day, or the content has nothing to do with the water, but the Water Festival is the New Year's Eve, the form of the "Bathing Buddha Festival" and the combination of religious activities, but the bathing and changing of clothes. Although its form is combined with the religious activity of "Buddha Bathing Festival", the programs such as bathing and dressing, splashing each other with water, and racing dragon boats are still the ancient style of "cleansing and purifying, and removing the dirt and stains of the past", and it is also the development of "practicing the water and boating" of the ancient Yue people, and in the three or four days of the Water Splashing Festival, people sing and dance joyfully, and perform all kinds of folk dances. In the festival with the ancient style of purification and purification, the various dances performed by the people are also characterized by the water culture.

Three, animal dance and totem worship

In the subtropical jungle, there are often rare birds and animals. For example, peacocks, deer, monkeys, elephants, fish, butterflies and other animals, is the original hunting period of the Dai ancestors most often get along with the good partners. People observed their species, forms and habits, and over time, these animals left a deep impression in their minds. Returning from hunting, celebrating the time of capture, they can not help but dance, the action is naturally those shuttle printed in their minds the image of the animal and its action posture. Unconsciously reproducing the simple movements of these animals gradually becomes a way for them to express their satisfaction, joy and other emotions. As their knowledge expanded, they were able to imitate the more complex movements of more animals, which led to the early dances such as the Peacock Dance, the Horse Deer Dance, the Monkey Dance, the Fish Dance, and the Butterfly Dance.

Take the Elephant Dance as an example, the Dai region has a hot climate, dense forests, and in ancient times it was called "the country of the elephant", and there are still often herds of elephants in the area. People have a good feeling about the elephant's trunk and imitate the elephant's movements by putting their palms together and flinging them back and forth. As long as the Dai people dance, they use the elephant foot drum to accompany them, and the small elephant foot drum dances, and the dance steps are flexible and jumping, and the dance is based on the fight and race drums. In the fight and the race, they attack, retreat and dodge flexibly and wisely, and finally catch each other's heads or hats to win. As long as there are festivals, harvest celebrations, large-scale ceremonies or dances to play the elephant-footed drums, and the Dai people as soon as they hear the drums will come from all directions to dance with the drums to their heart's content.

In addition, the Dai people's love and respect for the peacock has been characterized by a certain degree of national totem worship. This has had an important impact on the formation of the Dai dance style. The Dai is a peaceful nation, and it is said that the meaning of "Dai" is peace, and the Dai is a peaceful nation. They regard the beautiful and kind peacock as a symbol of good luck, happiness, purity and peace, and put their emotions on the peacock and regard it as a symbol of their own nation. The Dai people love peacocks and respect them, and when they praise peacocks, they are also praising their own nation. Peacock Dance represents the highest level of Dai dance and is an important part of Dai dance style.

Four, artists and artists on the Dai dance style

Talking about the style of Dai dance, we have to talk about the famous Dai dance artist Yang Liping. She has played a very important role in promoting and developing Dai dance.

Arts and culture should follow the times. Today's ethnic dance works are created according to the needs of the times, based on the inheritance of ethnic traditions. The Bai dancer Yang Liping's "The Spirit of the Bird" has shaken off the superficial description and fused the intention of creation, the meaning embedded in it, and the beauty of the form thus generated into a perfect unity. In the intriguing formal beauty, people seem to see a pure, noble and elegant spirit floating in the forest and wandering by the brook, so open and free, noble and charming. When she performed the dance "The Spirit of the Bird", every piece of her skin seemed to be reciting a poem, as if telling a beautiful story. Her hands and even the joints of each finger are capable of performing extremely subtle dance poetry, with incredible vibrations and flashes like the five strings of a piano. With the delicate movements of her hands and arms, she depicts the peacock walking, drinking water, shaking its wings, feeding, etc., allowing people to feel a living, human peacock through the movements of her hands and arms. She raised the art of hand shadow to a high level of aesthetics.

Chernyshevsky said: "Anything that shows life or reminds us of life is beautiful." Dai folk dance is one of the wonders in the art of Chinese national dance, which embodies the soul and heart of the Dai people. Today's Dai folk dance has made rapid progress in artistic content, expression and dance style, and has become more sincere and straightforward, romantic and free while not losing its primitive style of simplicity and childishness. Dai dance is walking on the road of sublimation from traditional entertainment to stage art, and its aesthetic interest is also more contemporary. While participating in and watching Dai dance, people are also pursuing the echo of their own personalized emotions, and obtaining the aesthetic feeling of self-indulgence and transcendence.

Chinese folk dance has been passed down for thousands of years in the process of nurturing the spirit of the times, and has become more and more vigorous in the process of adding new aesthetic interests and new cultural factors. On the other hand, only on the basis of a deep understanding of the culture of the nation, with the most distinctive form of beauty, the beauty of interest to reflect the essence of the culture of the nation, in order to make the dance culture more vitality. In the face of the impact of modern culture, Dai dance needs to learn from the rich traditional cultural soil of the nation, based on tradition, innovation, and create their own dance masterpieces, so as to stand out in the colorful dance world and march into the new century with a brand-new attitude.