This question I will! Bai Juyi "pipa line" original text:
Yuan and ten years, I left to move to Jiujiang County Secretary. In the fall of next year, I sent a guest to the mouth of the Penpu River, and I heard the pipa player in the boat at night, and I listened to his voice, and there was the sound of Kyoto. Asked the person, this Chang'an advocate girl, tasted learning pipa in Mu, Cao two good talent, old age, color decline, entrusted to the Jia people's women. He then ordered wine and played several songs. The song finished compassionate, recounting the joys of the young hours, now sinking and emaciated, migrating between the rivers and lakes. I have been out of the government for two years, quiet and at ease, feeling the words of the people, is the evening began to feel the intention of relocation and banishment. The first thing I did was to give them a gift of a long sentence, which was six hundred and sixteen words, and I called it "Pipa Xing".
Xunyang Jiangtou night to send guests, maple leaves and diesel flowers in the fall.
The master dismounted from his horse and the guest was in the boat, and he raised his wine to drink without pipa.
Drunkenness is not enough to make you happy, but the moon is in the river.
Suddenly, I heard the sound of a pipa on the water, and the master forgot to return to his house.
Searching for the sound of the lute, I asked who was playing it.
Move the boat and invite us to meet, add more wine and reopen the banquet.
This is the first time I've ever seen a pipa in my hand, and I've never seen a pipa in my face.
This is the first time I've ever seen the Pipa, and I've never seen it again.
The strings of the lute are so full of thoughts that they seem to be telling me that I've never had a chance in my life.
Low brow letter formalities continue to play, say all the heart infinite things.
Lightly and slowly twisting and wiping and picking, the first for the "Nishang" after the "six youngest".
The big strings are as noisy as the rain, the small strings are like whispers.
Noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy, noisy.
The warbler's words are slippery under the flowers, and the spring's flow is difficult under the ice.
Ice spring cold string condensation, condensation by no means through the sound of a temporary break.
There is no doubt about it, but there is no sound, so there is no sound.
The bottle of water is broken, and the iron horse is protruding, and the sword and spear are sounding.
At the end of the song, the four strings of the song are like a crack.
The east boat and the west boat are silent, only the white moon in the center of the river.
They were in the middle of the song, and they were in the middle of the song, and they were in the middle of the song, and they were in the middle of the song, and they were in the middle of the song.
Said she was originally from the capital, but her family lived under the toadstools.
Thirteen years ago, I learned to play the pipa (lute), and my name was the first one in the church.
It was the first time that I was taught to wear the pipa, and I was always jealous of my wife's makeup.
Wuling's youthfulness is the reason why they are so eager to get married, and they are so eager to be married that they don't know how many times they can be married.
Tin head silver grate broken, blood-colored skirt over wine stains.
This year is the year of laughter, and next year will be the year of laughter, and the fall and the spring will be the year of leisure.
Being an army man, my aunt died, and the color was the same.
The oldest of them was married to a businesswoman, and the oldest of them was a businesswoman.
Merchants are more interested in profit than in parting with each other, and in the month before last, they bought tea at Fu Liang.
To and from the mouth of the river to guard the empty boat, around the boat moon bright river water cold.
Deep in the night, I suddenly dreamed of young people, dreaming of crying tears of makeup red appendages.
I heard the pipa sighing, and then I heard it again.
This is the first time I've ever seen a woman in the world who has been in the same boat, and I've never seen her in the same boat!
I resigned from the emperor's capital last year, and I've been living in Xunyang City.
Xunyang is a remote place with no music, so I don't hear the sound of silk and bamboo.
They were in a state of low humidity, and the yellow reeds and bitter bamboos were growing around the house.
What do I hear at night and day? The first thing I'd like to do is to get the chance to see the azaleas and the apes.
Spring river flowers towards the autumn moon night, often take the wine also pour alone.
Is there not a mountain song and a village flute?
It's like listening to the music of the immortals.
It is a good idea to sit down and play a song for you.
This is the first time I have ever heard of a lute in the world, and I have never heard of a lute in the world.
It's not like the sound of the past, but it's like the sound of the future, so I've heard it all before.
Who wept the most? The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do this.
Translation:
In the 10th year of the Yuanhe era, I was relegated to the position of Secretary of Department of Justice of Jiujiang County. In the fall of the following year, I went to the mouth of Penpu to see off a guest, and I heard a woman in a neighboring boat playing the pipa at night, and examined the sound, which was resonant and quite a bit of the flavor of the capital. I inquired about her history, it turned out to be a Chang'an music play, once with Mu, Cao, the two pipa masters to learn the art, and then old age, married to a merchant as his wife. So I ordered a banquet and invited her to play a few tunes to her heart's content. When she finished playing, she looked sad and recounted the happy memories of her youth, but now she was wandering and emaciated, drifting and wandering between the rivers and lakes. I have been a magistrate for two years and have always been in a peaceful state of mind, but her words touched me, and this night I had the feeling of being banished. So I wrote this seven-character song, chanting some to give her, a **** there are six hundred and sixteen words, titled "Pipa Xing".
One night I went to the Xunyang River to see off a guest, and the autumn wind was blowing the maple leaves and the dirigible flowers.
The host and the guest dismounted and walked on the boat together, and there were no pipa strings to cheer them up when they were about to drink.
The host and the guests dismounted from their horses and stepped onto the boat with their cups full of wine, but there were no strings to help them along.
Suddenly, the sound of the pipa was heard on the river, and the host forgot to return to the guest, and the guest did not want to leave.
Searching for the source of the sound, he asked who was playing the pipa. The sound of the lute stops and you want to answer but you are a bit hesitant.
The boat moved closer and invited her to come over to the boat to meet her, and then set up a banquet with more food and wine.
After a thousand calls, she came out slowly, with her lute still in her arms, covering half of her face.
Turning the axle of the lute and plucking the strings to try to play two or three times, not yet into the tune of the form of that form is very sentimental.
The strings of the lute are sad and the sound of the lute contains a deep meditation, which seems to be telling the story of her life.
She lowered her head and played continuously with her hands, using the sound of the zither to say all the infinite love affairs in her heart.
Gently stroked and slowly twisted and kneaded downward and upward, first played the Neishang Yuyi song and then played the six youngest.
The big strings are as loud as a storm, and the small strings are as gentle and delicate as a whisper.
The cacophony of voices is intertwined with each other's playing, like a string of pearls falling from a jade plate.
The sound of Niko's warbler slipped away from under the flowers, and the phantom spring water flowed hard under the ice.
As if the water spring cold pipa sound began to condense, condensation and not smooth sound gradually stopped.
Like another kind of sadness and hatred secretly grows, at this time muffled soundless but more moving than sound.
Suddenly it seemed like a silver bottle crashed and splashed, and it was like an iron armor cavalryman killing swords and spears.
At the end of the song, she struck the center of the strings, and the four strings roared as if they had torn the silk.
The people in the east and west boats all listened quietly, only to see the white autumn moon reflected in the center of the river.
She put away her plectrum and put it in the strings of the zither in a deep voice, and straightened out her clothes, still showing a solemn face.
She said she was originally a famous singer in the capital, and her hometown was in Toadstools in the southeast of Chang'an City.
Pipa playing skills at the age of thirteen has been learned, the first team of the orchestra in the workshop listed in my name.
I was always admired by the masters of the art, and was envied by my fellow courtesans every time I made up my costume.
The children of the rich and powerful in Kyoto were eager to be the first to come to offer their honor, and after playing a song, they received countless red silk.
The silver grate on the head of the tin was often broken and shattered, and the red dress was stained with wine, but she didn't regret it.
Year after year, they spend their time laughing and joking, and the good times are wasted in the fall and spring.
Brothers from the army and sisters died, and the family is in ruins, and I am getting old.
It was a long time ago that I was married to a merchant, and my youth was over.
The businessman, who is a heavyweight and not a heavyweight, often parted ways easily, and last month he went to Furlong to do the tea business.
He went and left me in the mouth of the river to guard the empty boat, the autumn moon and my companion around the cabin of the autumn water is cold.
Deeper night often dream of the youth when the fun carnival, dreaming of waking up tears stained the face.
I heard the sound of the lute has been sighing sadly, and heard her this talk more sorrowful.
We are both disillusioned with the world, so why ask if we've met before?
Since I left the prosperous imperial capital Chang'an last year, I have been relegated to this place where I often lie sick in Xunyang City.
Xunyang this place is desolate and remote no music, all year round can not hear the sound of orchestral instruments.
Living in a low-lying and humid place near the Pen River, yellow reed and bitter bamboo grow around the house.
What can be heard here in the morning and evening? It's just the cries of cuckoos and the wails of apes and monkeys.
Spring and Autumn flowers and moonlit nights are so beautiful that you can only drink your own wine.
Is there no local mountain song and village flute? The sound of that kind of babbling is really hard to hear.
Tonight I heard you play the lute to tell your love, as if hearing the music of the immortals for a moment of clarity.
Please do not refuse to sit down and play again, and I will compose a pipa line for you according to the score.
Moved by my words, she stood for a long time, and resumed her seat, turning the strings so that the pitch was sharp.
The sound of the lute was no longer like the sound of a moment ago, and all the people in the audience hid their faces and wept when they heard it again.
If you ask who shed the most tears among the audience, the green official robe of the Secretary of Jiangzhou is already wet.
Notes:
Zuo Qian: demotion, demotion. It is synonymous with the term "banishment" as mentioned below. In the ancient times, the right was honored and the left was called the left relocation.
Clang Clang: describes the sound of metal and jade clanking together.
Kyoto Sound: refers to the sound of music popular in the capital city of Tang Dynasty.
Champion girl: singing girl. The name "Champion" refers to the song and dance performers of the ancient times.
Shan Cai: a common name for pipa masters or music masters at that time. It means "capable".
Commitment: to commit oneself, here it means to marry.
For: to do.
Jia (gǔ) people: merchants.
Order wine: tell (the men) to make wine.
Compassionate: a sad look. The first one is "怜默".
Piāo (漂)沦: to drift and fall.
Out of the government: to be transferred out of the capital.
Pengyan: the appearance of calmness and serenity.
Relocating to banishment (zhé): to be demoted, demoted or exiled.
For (wéi): to create.
Long lines: a poem in seven lines.
Song: to make a song, verb.
Fan: total ****.
Six hundred and sixteen: All Tang Dynasty Poems and Bai's Changqing Collection are both written as "six hundred and twelve".
Speech: word.
Life: naming, title.
Xunyang River: according to the evidence, for the flow through the Xunyang city in the pen water, that is, the present-day Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province in the Longkai River (has been artificially filled), through the Penpu mouth into the Yangtze River.
Di (dí) flowers: perennial herbaceous plants, born at the water's edge, with long, reed-like leaves and purple flowers in the fall. 瑟瑟: describes the sound of maple trees and reeds being blown by the fall wind.
Master: the poet refers to himself.
Returning to the lamp: re-lighting the lamp. The first one is "to move the light".
Covering up: to cover up, to curb.
Thoughts: sad thoughts.
Zhi: a "will".
The letter hand: hand. The word is used to refer to the naturalness of the technique.
Gathering: the fingers of the left hand push the strings inward (in the middle of the pipa).
Niǎn: same as "twisting", the action of kneading the strings.
Wiping: to pluck with one's hand.
Pick: a backhand plucking motion.
Nishang (cháng): the name of the song, i.e., "Neishang Yuyi Qu", originally a Western music and dance, which was introduced to the Central Plains by Yang Jingshu, the governor of Xiliang during the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty, according to the song.
Sixth: the name of the big song, also known as the "Le Shi", "Green Waist", "Record to", for the song and dance. A "green waist".
Daxing: the thickest string on the lute.
Noisy: the sound is heavy and subdued.
Small string: the thinnest string on the lute.
Checheche: to describe the sound of the lute as urgent and delicate.
Maiguan: an onomatopoeic word that describes the sound of "warbling" (bird song).
Pharyngeal: a curb on the flow of sound.
Ice under the difficult: spring flow under the ice blocked difficult to pass, describing the sound of music from smooth to cold and astringent. Hard, as opposed to slippery, with the meaning of astringent. A "water under the beach".
Condensation: stagnation. The first one is "doubtful".
The darkness of sorrow and hatred: the sorrow and hatred hidden in the heart.
Burst: spatter.
Iron Horsemen: cavalry with armor.
The end of the song: the end of the music.
Dangxinhua (当心画): a right-handed technique often used at the end of a piece of music to cross the four strings with a plectrum in the middle of the lute.
Palm: an ancient general term for silk fabric.
Boat: a boat.
boat: a boat.
See: one as "have".
Containment of the face: to contain the facial expression (of grief and deep resentment in deep thought).
Shrimp (há) toad mausoleum: in the southeast of Chang'an city, near the Qujiang River, was a famous amusement area at that time. It was a famous amusement area at that time.
Teachers' Square: the official office managing the court band in the Tang Dynasty. The first part: as said the first regiment, the first team.
Qiu Niang: a name commonly used by courtesans in the Tang Dynasty. It refers to the beautiful and skillful courtesans at that time.
Five Mausoleums: outside Chang'an, referring to the Changling, Anling, Yangling, Maoling, Pingling five Han Dynasty emperors' mausoleums, is the place where the rich and powerful lived at that time. Wrapped head: with brocade and silk and other belongings to the song and dance prostitutes, prostitutes. Refers to the ancient reward to the singing and dancing women's wealth gift, the Tang Dynasty with silk, later generations with other property.
Red raw silk: a raw silk fabric.
Tin (diàn) head: a hair grate with flower inlays on both ends.
Silver grate (bì): a kind of jewelry decorated with gold and emerald jewels.
Beating rhythm: beating. Originally, wooden or bamboo boards were used to beat the beat during songs and dances.
Equal: casually, easily.
color old: aged appearance.
Boss: to be old.
Fuliang: the name of an ancient county, belonging to Raozhou in Tang Dynasty, in present-day Jingdezhen City, Jiangxi Province, which is rich in tea.
Going to come: after parting. Come, tone of voice.
Dream Cries and Makeup Tears: Cries and tears in the dream, with tear marks on the powdered face. The first one is "weeping and making up tears".
The Red Ribbon: Tears and powder flowing all over the face.
Repeatedly: again and again, again and again.
Kiki: a sigh.
Resignation: the word "leave".
Location: a small place.
The year of the end: the whole year.
Danmu: morning and evening.
Vomit: a sound word describing the monotonous sound of music.
Mocking (zhāo) twitter (zhā): describing the complicated sounds, also known as "twittering".
Pipa (琵琶语) : the sound of the pipa (琵琶), the music played by the pipa (琵琶).
Temporary: suddenly, all at once.
Flip: to write lyrics to a musical tune.
But sit: to return to one's original position. To tighten the strings. Means to prepare to play.
Forward sound: the sound of the tune that has just been played.
Covering up tears: to cover up one's face and shed tears.
Green Shirt: the color of clothing for civil officials of the eighth and ninth grades in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's official rank at that time was General Servant, from the ninth rank, so he wore a green shirt.
Author introduction:
Bai Juyi (772-846) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. His name was Lotte, and he was known as the Jushi of the Fragrant Mountain. His first Taiyuan (now belongs to Shanxi), and then moved to Xiangui (now northeast of Weinan, Shaanxi). He was awarded the title of "School Scribe of the Secretary Province" by the Ministry of Education. During the Yuanhe period, he was appointed as the left picker and the left zanshan dafu. Later, because of his request for a strict arrest of the murderer of Prime Minister Wu Yuanheng, he offended the powerful and the rich, and was relegated to the post of Secretary of Jiangzhou. In the early years of Changqing, he became the assassin of Hangzhou, and in the early years of Baoli, he became the assassin of Suzhou, and later became the Minister of Justice. In literature, he advocated that "articles should be written for the times and songs and poems should be composed for the events", and was a proponent of the new music movement. He was an advocate of the New Lefu movement. His poems were written in a common language. He and Yuan Zhen often sang and harmonized, and were known as "Yuan Bai". He was also known as "Yuanbai". He wrote "Bai's Changqing Collection".
Background:
In the fall of the eleventh year of the Yuanhe era (816), Bai Juyi was sending off his guests at the head of the Xunyang River when he met a Chang'an courtesan playing the pipa, and he used this as the theme for the long narrative poem Pipa Xing.
Appreciation:
Pipa Xing (琵琶行) is a long narrative poem written by Bai Juyi (白居易), a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Through the description of the courtesan Pipa's excellent playing skills and unfortunate life experience, the poem exposes the unreasonable phenomenon of bureaucratic corruption, the withering of people's livelihoods, and the burying of talents in the feudal society, and expresses the poet's deep sympathy for Pipa's daughter, as well as the poet's resentment towards his own innocent deportation.