"The flowers of the flower basket are fragrant, listen to me sing, sing (ah) sing; came to Nanniwan, Nanniwan good place, good (ah) place ...... "The red song Nanniwan, today has become an attractive spot for red tourism.
In March 1941, the Eighth Route Army's 359th Brigade, led by Brigade Commander Wang Zhen, launched a mass production campaign in Nanniwan. The red song, "Nanniwan", became a witness to the mass production movement carried out by our army during the Anti-Japanese War.
Before and after the Pacific War, due to the Japanese blockade and famine, the Kuomintang army's heavy siege and blockade of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, etc., the anti-Japanese bases under the leadership of the Chinese **** Producers' Party encountered the most serious economic difficulties since the war of resistance. The anti-Japanese bases were experiencing an acute shortage of food, medicine, cotton cloth, bullets, salt and other daily necessities. In the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area, the seat of the central government and the general rear of the economically backward anti-Japanese bases, there were almost no clothes to wear, no oil to eat, no paper to use, no food to eat, no shoes and socks to wear, and no covers in winter.
In order to solve the serious economic difficulties faced by the base areas, the central government held a production mobilization meeting in Yan'an as early as Feb. 2, 1939, at which Mao Zedong issued a call for "do-it-yourselfers to get enough food and clothing". Although we are also in action, many people in the resident around the hillside, roadside, river beach and other open space to open up vegetables, and some chicken, ducks, rabbits, but due to the small scale, scattered operations, the benefits are not obvious.
Self-reliance, this is the only way to resist the Kuomintang blockade. 1940, by the fall to winter, Zhu De has known how many times to the Yan'an surrounding areas of the field survey, the purpose of which is to suffer from the enemy's economic blockade of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region troops to find a good site for reclamation of the fields. In a symposium, Zhu De said: "to develop agriculture, not to open up the land is not possible. I have heard that there is a Nanniwan to the south of Yan'an, which is a good piece of land that can be reclaimed." He proposed to send someone to survey it.
In January 1941, Ma Xiwu, the commissioner of Longdong Prefecture in Yan'an, sent Liu Zongyi to survey Nanniwan. Liu Zongyi didn't know where Nanniwan was, but realized it was about 100 miles southeast of Yan'an by looking up a map. He made preparations and set off immediately, arriving at Deer County (present-day Fu County), where County Commissioner Luo Chengde sent 30 soldiers with two light machine guns to protect him. Later, guided by an old man through a virgin forest, he finally found Nanniwan. After a survey, it was found to have fertile soil and abundant water, with nearly 10,000 acres of land to be reclaimed.
Liu Zongyi went back and made a detailed report to Zhu De. Zhu De was very happy to hear, and immediately wrote a letter to the Central Military Commission directly under the artillery regiment commander Wu Ting, ordering him to immediately send troops to reclaim Nanniwan. Wu Ting received the letter that the organization of the artillery regiment directly under the military commission into Nanniwan. This is the earliest troops to enter Nanniwan.
The Nanniwan reclamation area included parts of Yan'an, Yanchang, Ganquan, Fuxian and Guilin counties. Nanniwan hundred miles in circumference, gullies and ravines, overlapping mountains, three large rivers form a "Ya" shape, the west side of the South Panglong River, the south side of the Nine Dragons Springs, the east side of the Nanyangfu River. Three river junction called Yangwan, was the Nanniwan Reclamation District government seat, but also the center of the production movement.
Nanniwan is a piece of wild mountain, called by the people "rotten mud bay", dozens of miles around the deserted, thorns and thorns all over the land, wild animals. Back then, the original song was: "Nanniwan ah rotten mud Bay, barren mountains, stinking water, black mud flats. Hundreds of miles of mountains and hills, only see the forest and not see the sky. Wolves, leopards, and yellow sheep scampered all over the mountains, and it was a desolate place with few people." For the Yan'an Eighth Route Army at the time, the difficult situation forced them to open up a future of hope in this barren, thorny ground.
One day, Zhu De made a detailed report to Mao Zedong on the situation of the Nanniwan expedition and his intention to transfer more troops to reclaim the land. After listening to it, Mao Zedong praised, "You, Mr. Zhu, have done a good job in this matter, and you have done a good job!"
When Zhu De proposed to transfer the 3200th Division's 359th Brigade, Mao Zedong immediately expressed his agreement and added: "The 359th Brigade alone is not enough, I see that the central organs of Yan'an, the organs of the Military Commission, the schools and the troops left behind, all have to be drawn in, and also mobilize the foreign peasants who have fled to the border areas to go in, to open up land and planting, and to settle down there. "
One day, Zhu De found Wang Zhen, commander of the 359th Brigade, and conveyed the central government's decision to him. Wang Zhen said he resolutely obeyed the instructions of the central government.
In March 1941, the 359th Brigade, following Chairman Mao's instruction of "a stiletto and a gun, self-sufficiency in production and defense of the Party Central Committee," under Wang Zhen's command, began to go to Nanniwan in batches from the Suide Police Reserve District, and started "carrying guns to the battlefield, hoeing to the farms. "Reclaiming the land and cultivating the fields. Thus, Zhu De selected the first "test field" - Nanniwan, to become the 359 Brigade as the main force of the military reclamation army to expand the land, and create "self-reliance, hard work, officers and soldiers, the same sweet * * * bitter "The spirit of Nanniwan.
In 1941, thirty-five nine brigade opened the first year of 11,200 acres of land, harvested 1,200 stone of grain, harvested 1,648,000 pounds of vegetables, vegetable self-sufficiency rate of nearly eighty percent; digging more than 1,000 holes in the kiln, building more than 600 rooms for the next few years of reclamation has laid a solid foundation. 1942, thirty-five nine brigade officers and men have begun to improve the life of each person per month can eat to more than 2 catties of meat per month, 1 ? catties of vegetables per day, and the meeting meal can eat rice and chicken and duck, the whole brigade soldiers wore new clothes and shoes and socks.
In just three years, the former "rotten mud bay" has become "rice grain river" and "good south", and the 359th Brigade has become a flag of the army's mass production movement. With the harvest of Nanniwan, the war of resistance and even the Chinese revolution through the extraordinary period, the red Yan'an has gone through the "winter".
In 1943, the 19-year-old He Jingzhi was moved by the enthusiasm of the 359th Brigade to carry out the mass production movement, and in one breath he wrote the lyrics of the song "Nanniwan": "The flowers of the flower basket are fragrant, and listen to me sing, sing (ah) sing; came to the Nanniwan, the Nanniwan is a good place, a good (ah) place. Good place to come to good scenery, good place to come to good scenery; everywhere is crops, everywhere is cattle and sheep. /In the past years of Nanniwan, everywhere is a barren mountain, no (ah) people; today's Nanniwan, and the past year is not general, not (ah) general. The Nanniwan of today is not the same as it was in the past; it is not the same as it was in the old days, it is the good south of Shaanxi. /The good south of Shaanxi, flowers bloom all over the mountain, bloom (ah) all over the mountain; study that Nanniwan, everywhere is Jiangnan, is (ah) Jiangnan. Learning and producing, the 359th Brigade is a model; let's go to the front and send flowers to the model."
Marco, a 25-year-old composer, immediately set it to music. The piece can be divided into two contrasting parts: the first half is soft and gentle, the second half is joyful and jumpy, and the piece ends with a five-degree upward fluttering cadence.
February 5, 1943, the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, is the traditional Spring Festival of the Chinese people. On this day, Yan'an Lu Xun Art School's Yangge team came to Nanniwan, to the heroes of the 359th Brigade to present the newly compiled Yangge dance "picking flower baskets", "Nanniwan" is a section of this Yangge dance sung - the song melodious, lyrical, singing Nanniwan by the barren into "Jiangnan The song is melodious and lyrical, singing about the transformation of Nanniwan from desolate to "Jiangnan", and enthusiastically praising the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army who have made great achievements in opening up the land for production. The song absorbed the tone and rhythm of folk songs and dances, plus the performance form of singing and dancing, more vivid and touching.
Early in the morning on the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, the people of Yan'an beat gongs and drums, twisted up rice-planting songs to the Zaoyuan to Chairman Mao and other central chiefs to pay tribute to the New Year. Zhu De came from Wangjiaping to sit with Mao Zedong and other central leaders in the square to enjoy the performance. Thousands of people gathered in a big circle, rice-planting song team sang in the circle: "good Jiangnan in northern Shaanxi, flowers bloom all over the mountain, bloom (ah) all over the mountain; learn that Nanniwan, everywhere is Jiangnan, is (ah) Jiangnan ......" Mao Zedong, Zhu De and the crowd applauded warmly. The entire performance lasted more than three hours.
After the founding of New China, "Nanniwan" became a popular song sung by singer Guo Lanying, and in 1964 it was incorporated into the music and dance epic "The East is Red".
Today, listening to "Nanniwan" this melodious and cheerful old song, as if through the vicissitudes of 70 years, let people back to the past, back to the self-reliance, pick up a hoe, shouting the horn, reclaiming the land and planting in full swing years ......