Connotation and development characteristics of community sports
Community sports is a grass-roots community as the regional scope, with the jurisdiction of the natural environment and sports facilities as the material basis, with all community residents as the main object, to meet the sports needs of community members, enhance the physical and mental health of community members, consolidate and develop the community feelings, promote community cohesion, and active cultural life of the residents as the main purpose. Regional mass sports activities are carried out locally and in close proximity to each other. China's community sports have the following *** same characteristics: First, sports participation in the crowd of young and old alike. All members of the community are community sports service object, can meet the needs of residents of different age levels, but the number of young people and middle-aged people to participate in the number of less, the number of elderly people and children is large, reflecting the "two ends of the hot, the middle of the cold," the age difference. Secondly, the contents of sports activities are rich and colorful. Among the participants of community sports, the elderly are the main body of community sports activities, and most of the sports programs carried out by community sports are mainly suitable for the elderly, with low intensity and small loads. But at the same time, modern sports such as modern dance, square dance and so on also began to popular in the community sports. Thirdly, the venues for sports activities are flexible and free. Whether it is an urban community, or rural communities, as long as there are crowds of people, can be close to the choice of suitable venues for exercise, such as parks, squares, rivers and lakes, public **** place open space and stadiums and so on.
Problems in the development of community sports in China
The government-led function has not met the rapidly growing demand for community sports. The main manifestations are: the street office is the government's sent institutions, bear the grass-roots government functions, but in the development of community sports did not play a good leading role; many community committees, although formally set up a community sports organization, but basically in vain, not equipped with a full-time community sports managers to be in charge of community sports activities; as the organizer of the community sports, instructor and disseminator of the social sports The coaching rate of instructors is not high, and the overall quality needs to be strengthened. The quality of social sports instructors is uneven, the cultural level is not high, the age structure is older, and the number of national social sports instructors who have received formal training is relatively small.
Community sports infrastructure can not meet the growing demand for sports. Although China's various types of sports venues more than 1 million, but most of these venues are not open to the public, some enterprises, institutions and sports venues open to the public, mainly for profit purposes, rather than the public welfare open, some venues charges have exceeded the ordinary people's daily exercise affordable range. This makes the scope of community sports activities mostly limited to "square projects", lacking in competitiveness and fashionability, and hardly appealing to young people, thus restricting the development of community sports to a deeper level and wider scope. In addition, although in recent years the state will donate sports facilities to each community, but compared to the huge community sports groups in China, is still "a drop in the bucket", unable to meet the actual needs of the people.
Sports capital investment can not meet the needs of balanced development of community sports. The development of community sports cannot be separated from the financial support, and the lack of funds has become a major constraint on its development. Carrying out community sports, the construction of venues, additional and maintenance of sports equipment and facilities, all require financial investment, while the community is often self-financing. This determines the high level of development of community sports in economically strong communities. Some communities in first- and second-tier cities or economically developed coastal areas have built professional facilities such as basketball courts and table tennis venues, while only "model" communities in third- and fourth-tier cities or economically underdeveloped inland areas have professional facilities such as basketball courts and table tennis venues. As a result of the uneven investment, the proportion of people who regularly participate in physical activity in less economically developed areas is relatively low.
Strengthen the community sports organization and management construction, improve the community sports laws and regulations system, and promote the standardization of community sports development. First, in the management system should be separated from the government and society, system innovation, strengthen the community sports organization and management construction, so that the community committee to play a leading role in the construction of community sports. Neighborhood committees should set up sports management departments, equipped with full-time sports management cadres, and strengthen community organization services, so as to make the organizational structure and service capacity more standardized. Secondly, the construction of a team of social sports instructors should be improved, a team of social sports instructors with modern awareness, high comprehensive quality and love for sports should be cultivated and established, and the equipment and training of community sports instructors should be standardized. Third, improve the community sports development laws and regulations system, to ensure the standardized development of community sports.
Strengthen the construction of community sports business projects, build a diversified community sports public **** service system, and promote the socialization of community sports development. To continue to expand community sports business projects to enrich people's spiritual and cultural life. Increase the transformation of existing sports projects, simplify the rules of the sport, reduce the technical difficulty, so that community sports projects are more suitable for mass sports. To increase the socialization of community sports objects, so that the service object of community sports is not limited to a certain group of people, but for the whole community, so that all residents of the community are included in the service scope of community sports. To build a diversified community sports public **** service system, for the community to engage in sports activities to provide scientific guidance, for the community people to provide sports health care consulting services, and hire relevant experts to explain the scientific fitness methods.
Strengthening the construction of community sports infrastructure, establishing a diversified community sports financial support system, and promoting the modernization of community sports development. It is necessary to promote the construction of community sports infrastructure, expand the number of community sports venues according to local conditions, and rationalize the layout of sports equipment. To strengthen multi-channel diversified sports financing, the government should use financial funds to support the development of community sports; raise funds by issuing sports lotteries, welfare lotteries and other market means; and promote the participation of enterprises in community sports through sponsorships, shareholding in the construction of community sports, etc., to absorb and integrate social investment. Accelerate the industrialized operation of community sports, community sports should be in line with the market, the introduction of industrialized business system, take the road of industrialized development, and promote the sustainable development of community sports.