Social security only pay 15 years, then, even if you retire before the level of wages, and the local average wage is about the same, probably can only receive on-the-job wages of 20% -30%. For the health insurance reimbursement strategy, I just happened to organize the relevant content, I hope to help you: 2020 national social security health insurance application reimbursement process!
Yeah, it's that little!
How is this number calculated? It also starts with the current pension system.
How to pay for social security
Social security, also known as the five insurance in the five insurance:
Pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance, maternity insurance.
Of these, the first three are paid partly by oneself and partly by the company.
Worker's compensation and maternity insurance are bought by the company for you, so you don't have to pay for them.
Take a look at the table above to see the latest ratio of social security contributions in Shanghai:
Based on a pre-tax salary of 5,000, you'll have to pay 525 yuan a month yourself.
And the company will have to pay you 1,555 per month, not including the housing fund.
That means more than 70% of the money in your social security account is paid by the company.
So don't be distressed when you pay your social security every month, it's the company that's distressed.
How to get a pension
You pay for pension insurance, the state is divided into two accounts management.
They are the individual account and the integrated account.
Pension insurance has to be paid for 15 years before you can receive a pension for the rest of your life after retirement.
If you haven't completed 15 years, the state will refund you the 8% you paid in all these years with interest when you retire.
The 8% and interest, which is your personal account.
Don't even think about the 20% the company paid you.
The state will throw it into the pool of the pension pool fund.
That 20%, is your pooled account.
How much will you actually receive if you have paid for 15 years, or even 25 or 30 years?
The boring math begins below, and those who don't have the patience can just look at the results.
Pension = individual account pension + basic pension
I. Individual account pension
Personal account pension: personal account savings ÷ number of months of payment
The number of months of payment is based on the retirement age and the average life expectancy of the population at the time.
The number of accrued months is slightly equal to (average life expectancy of the population - retirement age) X 12.
Currently, it is 195 at the age of 50, 170 at the age of 55, and 139 at the age of 60.
Two, the basic pension
Basic pension: (average monthly salary of the employees in service in the previous year at the time of retirement + the average individual's indexed monthly contribution salary) ÷ 2 × the individual's contribution period ×1%.
Individual indexed average monthly contribution salary: average monthly salary of on-the-job employees in the previous year at the time of retirement × index of individual average contribution salary.
Individual average contribution wage index: take the average of the ratio of [individual monthly contribution wage in calendar years] and [average monthly wage of the city's previous year's on-the-job employees in the corresponding year].
An example.
Suppose Li Lei and Han Mei work in the same city.
Both make $5,000 a month.
The average monthly salary in that city is also $5,000.
Li Lei was more of a debauchee, changing jobs on and off, and eventually only paying into social security for 15 years.
Han Mei is more honest, her job is solid and incredibly stable, and she ended up paying 25 years of social security.
(For ease of understanding, inflation and wage increases are not taken into account.)
According to the formula above,
Li Lei will receive $1,268 a month in retirement, or 25 percent of that year's average wage.
Han Mei will receive $1,956 a month after retirement, 40 percent of the year's average salary.
Li Lei's pension is just over 60 percent of Han Mei's.
If you take into account the wage increases over the years, and the pension increases, the gap between the two is even bigger!
More complex and precise calculations I also did.
According to the 8% annual wage increase, personal account 8% gain.
Both of them started working at age 25 and retired after 35 years.
Li Lei paid only 15 years, Han Mei paid the full 35 years.
And Li Lei's company only paid him social security at the minimum contribution rate.
The final calculation:
Li Lei will get 12,469 yuan, or 18 percent of the average salary for the year
Han Mei will get 40,503 yuan, or 59 percent of the average salary for the year.
Li Lei can take the 30% ......
The above demonstration is not entirely accurate, but it is in the right direction.
Mainly want to give everyone a reminder:
Paying social security matter, no matter how the policy changes, honestly certainly will not suffer.
Don't think that paying for 15 years to reach the minimum standard for receiving a pension will do.
When the time comes, the old man and the old woman will have to compete with each other and sulk to the point where they can't even dance in the square.
How can I get more pension?
If you want to receive more pension, you have to start from these 3 angles.
Personal salary
The higher the salary, the higher the base for the final calculation.
But that base is capped.
Otherwise someone making $100,000 a month would pay $8,000 a month for their own pension and $20,000 for the company.
You are not crazy the company is also crazy ......
For example, the current contribution cap in Shanghai, is 21,396 yuan.
Monthly salary exceeds this figure, also calculated according to this.
Payment period
As long as you're employed, try not to break your social security and pay for as long as you can.
The effect on the amount of pension has already been stated.
Besides that, it will affect retirement benefits.
With only 15 years of contributions, only the pension is valid for life.
Pay in 25 years and only then does health care become a lifetime benefit.
It's when you get older and have more problems that health insurance is important.
And without health insurance after retirement, your commercial medical insurance will also be discounted.
Many millions of medical and hospitalized medical, if you do not social security status, you can only reimburse 60%.
Location average salary
This is a bit of a trick.
An example.
Li Lei and Han Mei are hometowns in a small county.
The two make the same amount of money per month.
But Li Lei works in his hometown, and Han Mei goes to work in Beijing.
Obviously the average salary in Beijing is much higher than in the small county.
Eventually Han Mei retired in Beijing.
Not only does she get more money than Li Lei, but she also enjoys local Beijing pension benefits.
How exactly do you retire in a big city?
Retirement city identified, follow the "domicile place priority, from the long after" principle.
Take me as an example.
While I don't have a Shanghai hukou, I will be able to retire in Shanghai if I have worked there for more than 10 years when I retire.
This is called "from the back".
If I'm working in Shanghai when I retire, but haven't paid 10 years of social security here.
What should I do?
Check up the record.
Look at the city where I paid the full 10 years before.
Checking the records, I found that I had paid 10 years of social security in Nanjing.
Then I can go to NJ for retirement.
It's called "taking the long way around".
If I retire in Shanghai, but have not paid 10 years of social security here.
What if I go back up in my records and I haven't paid for 10 years in every city?
This is where the "domicile priority" comes in.
Retire back home.
Some people may not have been able to pay 25 years of social security.
There are two solutions to this situation.
One is to make a one-time retroactive contribution.
But the current policy in many areas no longer allows this.
The second is to delay retirement.
If you are only a year or two short, and there is no special reason.
So work for another two years and max out your 25-year card.
Also, social security rules can vary slightly from place to place.
You can call 12333 to inquire directly with your local social security office.
In fact, the knowledge of five insurance and one gold is really practical, involving our old age, medical care, children's schooling, production reimbursement and other aspects, just that many people lack of relevant understanding.
Written in the end:Social security is really practical, but unfortunately many people do not understand.
Bao bottle child from 2018 began to study social security, related articles written must have twenty or thirty, relying on this knowledge in the Zhihu also get big tens of thousands of praise.
Then I realized that everyone's concerns are pretty much the same.
How can I get more pension? How to pay social security without a job is the most cost-effective? How to do social security transfer when you change your working city? How to buy a house with a housing fund loan? I'm not sure how to get the money to pay for it, but I'm not sure how to get the money to pay for it.
I have organized a collection of articles on five insurance and one gold, we are common these questions, can be answered clearly.
What you want to do is to write to me privately, to help me, as a friend.
If you don't mind, you can also