明史项忠传《明史-项忠传》原文项忠，字荩臣，嘉兴人。
Zhengtong seven years into the bachelor's degree. Authorized by the Ministry of Criminal Affairs, into the foreign minister.
From the Yingzong trapped in the Warat, to feed the horse, ride between the two horses to run south. Horse fatigue, abandoned, barefoot seven days and nights, before reaching Xuanfu.
Jingtai in the middle, by the Langzhong moved to Guangdong Deputy Ambassador. According to the line Gaozhou, spies reported that thieves with hundreds of men and women plagiarized villages.
Zhong said: "The thief did not bring the family reason, will be plundered by the good people." The first thing you need to do is to get rid of them.
Has, the interrogation of the captured, really, all released. From the conquest of Takishui Yao meritorious, increased salary of one rank.
Tianshun early, the successor to the Shaanxi Minister of Justice. Mother worried about the return, the ministry of the people at the que to beg to stay, the imperial edict restored.
Shaanxi years of disaster injury, Chung Fa Grange Zhen, and please light crime nanometer, people rely on to help. Seven years to call the Secretary of the Dali, the people begged to stay as before, and then changed to the right deputy royal inspector general, to patrol its land.
Tao, Min Qiang rebel, loyal疏言："羌志在劫掠，尽诛则伤仁，遽抚则不威，请听臣便宜從事。". Report can be.
It was sent according to the risk, sound into the discussion, all surrendered. Xi'an water spring brine can not drink, for the opening of the Longshou canal and Alonzo River, water into the city.
And dredge Zheng, white two canals, irrigation Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Gao Ling, Lintong five counties field more than 70,000 hectares, the people ancestral worship. Shaanxi number of bitter soldiers.
The first year of Chenghua said: "the three sides of the generals meet the enemy stay, although the cloud talent is timid, but also by the right to light. Soldiers afraid of the enemy is not afraid of the general, is to war without success, it is appropriate to allow military justice.
The temple raised generals, more than a year did not hear that there is a person to respond to the edict. Shaanxi strong terroir, more than the ancient generals, is there no one? But the grid can not answer the ear.
Today, under the school students are good at answering the policy of one hundred not one or two, why blame the military." The emperor's good words, and the Secretary to keep the story can not be used.
Maori children Kou Yansui, Zhao Zhong and Zhangwu Bo Yang Xin Royal, no success. Next year, the letter proposed a large search of the river set, the Royal Decree of the loyal military affairs.
Zhong Fang went to Yan Sui, and the enemy fell into the open city, in-depth Jingning, Lunde six counties, big loot and go. The Ministry of War impeached the loyal, the emperor special pardon.
Search set division is not out. And next year, called the House.
Four years, Manjun reverse. Manjun, also known as full four, his ancestor Batan, since the early Ming rate of the Department of subjugation, the world's thousands of animal husbandry for the male long.
Still the old custom, no corvée. Its land in Kaicheng County, Guyuanli, connected to the border.
Jun rough and tough, so hiding treacherous robbers, out of the border copying and plundering. There will be a prison even Jun, there are signs of Bu to his home, more requirements.
Chun angry, and then provoked the crowd for the chaos. The guardian ministers sent Jun nephew commanded the capture.
Jun killed his followers, robbed the rebels, into the base of Shicheng. The city of Shicheng, that is, the Tang Tupan Shibao.
The city is said to be dangerous and solid, not tens of thousands of people can not be overcome. There is a fortress on the mountain, four cliffs, in which five stone wells are cut to store water, but a path can be edge and up.
Jun claimed to be the King of Recruitment, with a crowd of four thousand. The commanding officer, Mr. Xing Duan, was defeated.
No longer month, the crowd to 20,000, Guanzhong vibration. It is ordered to Chung Governor of military affairs, and supervise military affairs eunuch Liu Xiang, Chief Military Officer Governor Liu Yu Shuai Beijing camp and Shaanxi four towns to discuss the military.
Division is not line, and the governor Chen price and other first 30,000 troops into the discussion, the resumption of the defeat. Thieves because of the official army weapons and armor, the potential for more Zhang.
The court wants to benefit from the troops. Zhong anxiety about the Beijing army is not enough to rely on the fragile, and more generals flexing the right to do things, because of the words: "I transfer troops more than 33,000, enough to exterminate the thief.
This fall, the grass is cold, if more transfer of other armies, fear that the time needed to go back and forth, the thief has to disappear. And the border soldiers can not stay long, the benefit of the army is not convenient."
The University of Pennsylvania, commercial chariot main its discussion, the Beijing army to not send. Chung then and the governor of the Royal Palace of Justice Ma Wensheng divided the army seven ways, to the stone city, and the war, more than chopped.
Fuqiang Bo Mao Zhong took advantage of the victory to seize its northwest mountain, a few broken, suddenly hit by stray vectors died. The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a battle.
The army wanted to retreat, and Zhong beheaded a thousand households to favor. The army was trying to retreat, so Zhong chopped off 1,000 of his men in favor of him, and they fought hard.
In the right time, there is a star comet in Taidou, the Chinese dynasty said, "Occupy in the Qin points, the division is not favorable". Chung said: "Li Sheng discuss Zhu bright and brilliant, fluxing the year, this is what harm?" Day sent troops thin under the city, burned grass and ruminants, the absolute Kapitau.
The thieves embarrassed to surrender, invited Zhong and Wen Sheng to meet. Zhong and Liu Yu single rider to go, Wen Sheng also from dozens of riders to, call Jun, Oracle to quickly surrender.
The thieves looked away from Robai, Zhong straight before hostage to return. Jun was frustrated and hesitated to come out.
Zhong ordered to tie the wood for the bridge, people bear the soil bag to fill the moat, hit the copper cannon, the dead more people. The thief relied on his favorite general Yang Hu Beaver as the mastermind, night out of Kap was captured.
忠贳其死，谕以购贼賞格，示之金，且赐金带钩，纵归，使诱俊出战，伏兵擒焉。 The next stone city, all the rest of the bandits.
Destroyed its city, chiseled stone record. Add a guard in Guyuan northwest of Xi'an abandoned city, stay troops garrison and return.
At the beginning of the stone city is not down, the day is very cold, the soldiers are quite sleepy. Zhong anxiety thieves run, take the freezing river and set of koujian, day and night to rule the attack.
When the body is not a lot of rock to avoid, the size of more than 300 battles. Peng Shi, commercial chariot know that Zhong can handle thieves, not from the system, and then used to exterminate the thieves.
On merit, into the right Royal Secretary, and Lin Cong co-chairman of the hospital. Bai Gui both Ping Liu Tong, Jing, Xiang, the stragglers between the tie as before.
Tong party Li Beard's name is original, falsely called Ping Wang, and small Wang Hong, Wang Biao, etc. plunder Nanzhang, Fang, Neixiang, Weinan counties. The stragglers attached to the bandits to a million.
Six years in the winter, the edict of the loyal Governor General of military affairs, and the Huguang general officer Li Zhen to discuss, loyal is playing transfer Yongshun, Baojing soil troops. And first divided into military columns key points, more flags and gongs and drums, sent into the mountains to recruit Oracle.
Streamers return more than 400,000, Biao also captured. At that time, Bai Gui for the Ministry of War, sent a 100-year-old Wu Shou Zhan generals Wang Xin army.
Shou wants to make a success of the unfavorable thief disintegration. The first time I saw this, I was able to get the money to pay for it, and then I was able to get the money to pay for it.
Zhong疏争, and impeachment of Shou crime, the emperor called Shou back, and listen to the transfer of soil troops as before. Combined two hundred and fifty thousand, divided into eight ways to force, the stragglers return tens of thousands.
Thieves lurking cottage, waiting for intermittent robbery. Zhong ordered the deputy ambassador Yu Xun, all commanders Li Zhen attack, met in the bamboo mountain.
Ride the stream rise halfway across the interception, captured Li Yuan, small Wang Hong, etc., the thieves more drowned. Chung moved troops to Bamboo Hill, capture the remaining.
Recruitment of five hundred thousand stragglers, beheading six hundred and forty, captured eight hundred odd, more than 30,000 family members. Household selection of a ding, garrison Huguang border guards, the rest of the order to return to the field.
疏陈善后十事，悉允行。 Chung's order to expel the displaced persons, the Secretary of all drive.
Not before, that is, to kill. The people have occupied since the Hongwu, also in the legacy.
Garrison boat trip more epidemic death. Liang Jing, a counselor, because of the star change, impeachment of the loyal kill.
Bai Gui also said that the exiles have become the industry, it is appropriate to be registered with the location, but also refute the work of the Chung on the different. The emperor did not listen.
Entered the Zhong left Royal Secretary, 廕 Zi Shou Jin Yi Thousand Households, all the generals recorded merits have differences. Chung said: "I have recruited more than nine hundred and thirty-three million people to return to work, the thieves disappeared into the mountains, but also to recruit the dissolution of the Oracle returned to the five hundred thousand people.
Captured 100 people, all the first evil ear. Today's statement are all good children, before this repeatedly played rampant difficult to defend the person, who is also? The thieves party crime is certainly death, just because they do not tolerate indiscriminate punishment, so the strong man banished to the garrison.
Its long attached to the registration, or is occupying more than 40 miles of the mountain, recruiting thousands of scoundrels, fighting, robbing and killing. If this is the case, you can live for a long time, so do not send it?
2. Seek Xue Zong biography translation PleaseXue Zong Zi Jingwen, Pei County Zhuyi people also.
The youngest member of the clan was from Liu Xi, who studied in Jiaosu. When Shi Xie became a member of Sun Quan, he summoned Xue to become a general, and then a governor of Hepu and Jiaodu.
When the land began to open, the assassin Lu Dai rate division crusade, comprehensive and club line, the more Hainan levy, and to the nine real. After the incident returned to the capital, the guardian of the curb servant.
Western ambassador Zhang Feng in the right before listing the name of Shangshu Kan Ze to mock Ze, Ze can not answer. Under the synthesized line wine, because of the wine said: "What is the Shu? There is a dog for the sole, no dog for Shu, cross-eyed Gou body, worms into its belly.
"Feng said:" improper re-listing Jun Wu evil?" Variety answered: "No mouth for the sky, have a mouth for Wu, the king of the ten thousand states, the capital of the son of heaven." So the crowd sat laughing, and Feng no right.
The pivot of the agile, all such also. Lv Dai called out from the Jiaosu, General fear of the Dai is not his people, said: "The former Emperor Shun south tour, died in Cangwu.
Tai set Guilin, Nanhai, Elephant County, then the four countries within the genus, there are since then. Zhao Tuo up Panyu, the king of the Hundred Yue, Zhu Gong of the South is also.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed Lujia, opened nine counties, and set up the town of Jiaodi assassins to monitor. The mountains and rivers are far away, customs are not the same, the language is the same, retranslation is through.
People like animals, young and old, no difference, vertebrae knot Toukou, through the head of the left obeisance, the establishment of the long officials, although there is if not. Since then, quite migrant Chinese sinners living among them, a little so that the book, roughly know the language, so that the post to and from, see the rituals.
And then Xiguang for the crossroads, Ren Yan for the nine real taiyou, is to teach its plow pear, so that the crown and shoes; for the establishment of matchmaking officer, began to know the marriage; the establishment of the school, the guide to the doctrine. This has been down, more than four hundred years, quite similar to the class.
Since the Minister's former guests began to arrive at the time, Zhuya in addition to the state and county marriages, are required to lead the household in August, when the people gather, men and women can be suitable for each other, is a couple, parents can not stop. The handover site Miling, nine true Pang two counties, all brother died brother's wife his sister-in-law, the world this is customary, the elder officials want to listen to, can not be banned.
Day South County men and women toms shoes, not ashamed.
This is the first time I've seen a new version of this book, and I think it's a good one, because it's a good one.
However, the vast number of people, the obstacles and dangers of the poison, easy to think of chaos, difficult to make from the rule. The county officials tie up, show orders to serve, the rent of the field households, cut for the office, the expensive to far away from the precious beads, incense, ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoiseshell, coral, glaze, parrots, jadeite, peacock, wonders, full of treasures to play with, do not have to look up to its endowment, to benefit China also.
Of course, outside of the Nine Dian, the selection of the long-time officials, the class is not a fine check. Han law is wide, much from the wanton, so a number of anti-law.
The abolition of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), starting from the long-time officials to see their good hair, take a bikini. And the minister saw, the South China Sea Huang Gai for the Ri Nan Taishou, get off the car for the setup is not abundant, Laos killed the main thin, still see the expulsion.
Dan Meng, nine real governor for his wife's father, Zhou Jing, as the host, and invited the big officials, wine and music. Gongcao Fan Xin up dance belongs to Beijing, Beijing refused to get up, Xin is still forced strong, Meng wrathful staff Xin, died in the county.
Xin's younger brother Miao Shuai Zhongzhu attacked the House, poisoned vector shot Meng, Meng to the object deceased. The city's military police, Shixie, sent troops to discuss the matter, but they were unable to overcome the situation.
And the late assassin of the Huiji Zhu Fu, more than the townspeople Yu Bao, Liu Yan's disciples divided into long-time officials, abuse of the people, the strong endowment of the people, yellow fish a collection of rice one dendrobium, the people complained about the rebellion, the mountain thieves and out of the attack on the state of the sudden county. The people are complaining about the rebellion, and the mountain bandits and out, attacked the state and county.
The second Nanyang Zhang Jin, and Jingzhou pastor Liu Biao for the gap, the soldiers are weak and the enemy is strong, year after year to build the army, the generals are tired of suffering, to stay or go at their own pace. The Zin small inspection, not enough power, for the mauling, and then to kill.
After the Zuling Lai Kung, the first benevolent, do not know the current affairs. The table also sent Changsha Wu Ju for Cangwu governor.
The giant is light and tough, and does not serve Kung. (Taken) (always) resent each other, expelled Christine, and begged to stabilize.
It is the time of the Jin former general Yi Liao, Qian Bo's disciples are still many, stabilizing the rule of the second hoe, the discipline is appropriate, will still be called out. Lu Dai has arrived, there is the change of the Shi.
Vietnam's southern expedition, Ping Ping discussed the day, changing the long-time officials, chapter Ming Wang program, Weiga miles, size and wind. From this point of view, Suibian Fu descent, there are really people.
The appointment of the pastor, it is appropriate to clear the energy, the table of barren streams, disaster and happiness. Today, although the name of the state roughly fixed, there are still Gao Liang host thieves; its South China Sea, Cangwu, Yulin, Zhu Guan four counties boundaries have not been appeasement, according to the pirates, designed for the death of the rebels absconded.
If Dai is not back to the South, the new assassin should be precise, check the eight counties, strategy and wisdom, can be a little gradual (able to) the rule of Gao Liang, false favor, borrow the situation, the responsibility for its effectiveness, and so on, can be replenished back. If you want to be a good person, you have to be a good person, and you have to be a good person.
Nearly abide by the normal law, no odd number of different techniques, then the group of evil day breeding, long into harm. Therefore, the security of the country, in the appointment, can not be ignored.
I am afraid that the court is not light on its selection, so I dare to exhaust my humble feelings, to broaden the sacred thinking." Huanglong three years, Jianchang Hou consider as Zhenjun general, Tun half of the state, to synthesize as the long history, external control of the affairs of the people, internal authorization of books.
Considered dead, into the guard thief Cao Shangshu, moved Shangshu servant. The first time I saw this, I was so angry that I wanted to go on a personal expedition.
Zong Shangshu remonstrated, "The emperor, the head of the country, the world's destiny is also tied. It is in order to live in the heavy door to watchman to guard against insecurity, the line is clear road case section to raise the majesty, so the cover so that the blessing of the storage of ten thousand security, the town of the four seas of the heart.
Previously, when Confucius was sick, the word of the boat floating in the sea, Ji Yu Si Xi, refused to take nothing.
The first time I saw this, I saw the first time I saw this.
Why? The risk of fire and water to the danger, not the emperor should be involved. Proverbs say: 'The son of a thousand gold, sitting not hanging down the hall.
'How about the dignity of the ten thousand years? Today, Liaodong Rongduo small country, no city of solid, ready to defend the art, equipment baht blunt, dogs and sheep no government, to be poultry grams, honestly as Mingzhao. However, the cold stony soil, the crops are not proliferating, the people are used to saddle horses, the migration is not always.
卒闻大军之至，自度不敌，鸟惊兽骇，长驱奔窜，一人匹马，不可得见。 Although the open space, the guard is not beneficial, this can not be a also; plus the flood ripples, there are difficult to become a mountain, the sea line is not constant, the storm is difficult to avoid, suddenly, people and ships are different situations.
Although there are Yao, Shun's virtue, wisdom is not available, Ben, Yu's courage, the force can not be set up, this can not be two; plus the Yu fog meditative on it, salty water vaporization of its bottom, the flow of the good life swollen, stagnant water, turn the phase of the dye, all the people who traveled to the sea, scarce without this trouble, this can not be three. Born sacred, show to the charm, when riding on the level of mourning, Kang this people and things; Jiaxiang day set, the sea is set, the captives ferocious, the demise in the near.
China a flat, Liaodong since the death, but when the arch to wait for the ear. This is contrary to the inevitable figure, looking for a dangerous obstacle, neglect the solid state, wreak a wrath of the dynasty, not only the heavy plan of the gods of the earth and grain, but also since the beginning of the unheard of, the sincere group of bureaucrats so leaning over the side of the breath, food is not sweet, sleep is not comfortable with the person also.
"But your majesty suppresses the power of thunder, endures the wrath of Hesse, complies with the safety of the bridge, and is far from the danger of skating on ice, so that the subjects rely on the well-being, the world is fortunate." The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, and the first time I saw it.
In the first month of b Wei, Quan Edict synthesized Zhu Zu shall not use the usual text, synthesize the edict, and then create the text, the letter of the word charm rotten. The right to say: "The two heads.
Make full three also." Variety again and again to wish, the rhetoric are new, the people salty good.
Chiu three years, migrant selection of Cao Shangshu. Five years, for too.
3. Mao Zhong biography, the translation of the textMao Zhong (1394-1468), the word Yuncheng, formerly known as Hala, western people, great-grandfather attached to the Ming Dynasty, generations inheritance, Mao Zhong arm strength is too much, good at horseback riding and archery, repeated successes in battle, can be used to give the surname Mao.
Mao Zhong's great-grandfather Harla outlaw in the early years of the Hongwu attached to the Ming Dynasty, from a soldier to a thousand households, and later died in battle. Grandfather Baidu followed the conquest of Hami, the battle died. Father because of prima donna and charging Bao Ren general flag, appointed to Yongchang hundred households. [ 1 ]
When Mao Zhong inherited the official position, twenty years had passed, his arm strength is too strong, good at horseback riding and archery. He had followed Ming Emperor Zhu Di in his northern campaigns. In the fifth year of the Xuande reign (1430), Mao Zhong was instrumental in crusading against the Qu Xian rebellion.
In the eighth year of the Xuande reign (1433), Mao Zhong went on a campaign to capture the enemy's pseudo-junshi Zhiyuan (少师知院).
In the ninth year of the Xuande reign (1434), Mao Zhong went on an expedition to Duhuan Mountain, and in the tenth year of the Xuande reign (1435), he conquered the enemy invaders of Montenegro and captured their leader. Mao Zhong was promoted to the rank of Commander. [ 2 ]
In the third year of the Zhengtong era (1438), Mao Zhong accompanied Governor Jiang Gui in his expedition against the Duo'er Zhi Bo, and captured many of them, and was promoted to the rank of Commander of the Guizhi.
Zhengtong ten years (1445), Mao Zhong to guard the border of merit, promoted to Tongzhi, and get the emperor to give the name.
In the eleventh year of Zhengtong (1446), Mao Zhong followed the Chief Military Officer Ren Li to collect the tribe of Shazhouwei Dudu Mango, who was to move to the border territory.
Zhengtong thirteen years (1448), Mao Zhong led the army to Handong, captured Mango's younger brother pseudo-Qi Wang Liao Nanben and other tribes, he was promoted to Dudu Guiqi, and only at this time was given the name Zhong. He was promoted to the post of Dudu Guiqi, and the name Zhong was given to him at this time. Soon afterward he was appointed as the right general to assist in the defense of Gansu. [ 3 ]
In the early years of Jintai (1450-1?), the minister Li Shi was on a mission to Daxing. He issued an edict ordering him to be taken to the capital. After Mao Zhong arrived, the Ministry of War tried its crimes and requested the penalty of death. The second King Emperor Zhu Zhu Qiyu did not allow it. The Ministry of War requested that he be demoted and sent to Fujian to pay for his crimes. The emperor then sent him to Fujian, but they had the same rank as before, and had the Gansu guards move their families to the capital. When initially Mao Zhong went out to the desert, he had captured the monk Gazhong Lingzhen and contributed to the court, and the second King Yingzong pardoned him instead of executing him. Later, Gazhong Lingzhen fled to Washu, and for the sake of the previous use, he hated Mao Zhong and wanted to set him up, and propagandized that Mao Zhong and Yixian were transporting each other, while the court did not understand the reason why he was sent to Fujian. The second British Emperor was in the foreign countries, but he knew about it, so after he was restored, he immediately recalled Mao Zhong. And Mao Zhong in Fujian also repeatedly beheaded, so he was promoted to the Governor Tongchi, served as the appointment of the left deputy general, guarding Gansu. Receive him, relatively other comfort thoughtful, given jade belt, gold woven python clothes. [ 4 ]
Tianshun two years (1458), the thieves and bandits large forces invaded Gansu, governor Rui Zhao to impeach the generals and leaders of the crime of misdemeanor. The tribal opinion was that Mao Zhong had done enough to atone for his crimes and ignored him.
In the third year of the Tianshun era (1459), Mao Zhong was promoted to the rank of Zuodu (left governor) for his work in defeating the bandits in Zhenfan.
Tianshun five years (1461), Marco Polo with tens of thousands of cavalry were robbing Xining, Zhuanglang, Gansu and other methods, into Liangzhou. Mao Zhong fought a fierce battle for a day and night, arrows finished, strength exhausted, and the enemy came to get more, the army generals are greatly alarmed. Mao Zhong's will was stronger, he pacified the soldiers and fought to the death. The enemy saw that the end is not finished, and our reinforcements also arrived, they withdrew and went, Mao Zhong finally managed to save the army and return. [V]
Tianshun seven years (1463), Yongchang, Liangzhou, Zhuanglang outside the Seychelles of the people many times to create border trouble, Mao Zhong and the general officer Wei Ying respectively head of the crusade. Mao Zhong first defeated the big families such as Bawa. Zan smack, Ma Jisi and other clans, another generals could not attack. Mao Zhong defeated them again. On the merits, Mao Zhong would only increase his salary by one hundred stones, while Wei Ying was given a hereditary grant coupon, and Mao Zhong gave his opinion to the court, so he was able to be named Fuqiang Bo. [ 6 ]
In the fourth year of the Chenghua era (1468), the Guyuan bandits, Man Si, occupied Shicheng and rebelled. Shao ordered Mao Zhong to deploy troops to suppress, and the Governor Xiang Zhong and other individuals to attack the enemy's lair. Mao Zhong arrived at the bottom of Mount Gunjie from Mutougou, killing and capturing many people. When the enemy retreated a little, Mao Zhong personally braved the arrows and stones to capture two peaks in a row in the north and west of the mountain. The army of Xiang Zhong and others also captured the east peak of the mountain and entered the east and west gates of Shicheng. The thieves were in a very embarrassing situation and cried bitterly relative to each other. Suddenly, there was a thick fog, and the other sentries lighted smoke and fire to give alarm, thus restraining Mao Zhong's troops, and the thieves then attacked Mao Zhong with all their strength. Mao Zhong fought hard and died at the age of seventy-five after being shot by a stray arrow. Nephew Mao Hai, grandson Mao armor to come to the rescue, the battle died.
4. Gao Chongwen literary reading and translationThe Old Tang Book - Gao Chongwen biography of the original text and translation of the original text Gao Chongwen, its first Bohai people.
Gao Chongwen was born in Youzhou, Park Hou and few words, less from the Pinglu army. In the middle of Zhengyuan, he accompanied Han Quanyi to the town of Changwu City, where he ruled the army with a voice.
In the summer of the fifth year, Tubo invaded Ningzhou with 30,000 soldiers, and Chongwen saved them with 3,000 soldiers and fought in Fotang Yuan, killing more than half of them. Han Quanyi into the Hajj, Chong Wen in charge of the traveling camp section of the stay business, moved and the royal historian.
Fourteen years, for the Changwu city, the accumulation of corn practice, the military sound greatly revitalized. The winter of the first year of Yongzhen, Liu Pai blocked the army, the court discussion of the expedition, the minister Du Huangshang thought that the sole appointment of Chongwen, can be successful.
Yuan and the spring of the first year, by the inspection of the Ministry of Works, and the Royal Historian, acting as the left Shenzhe Xingying Festival Minister, and the left and right Shenzhe, Fengtian Linyou towns to discuss the soldiers. When the generals specializing in a large number of people, everyone said they were elected, and the edict out of the big surprise.
Chong Wen in Changwu City, practicing five thousand pawns, often if the enemy to. And yes, the ambassador to Changwu, the dawning of the order, and the hour out of the division of 5,000, the apparatus with no queers.
The army to Xingyuan, the army has folded the dagger of the brigade, chopped to favor. West from Langzhong into, so but the division of Jianmen, Zitong siege, the thieves will Xing bright and brilliant to return.
Tuen Mun Zizhou, because worship Chongwen for Dongchuan Festival Minister. First, Liu Pai captured Dongchuan, captured the section minister Li Kang; and Chongwen Zizhou, is to return to Kang to seek snow their sins, Chongwen to Kang defeated the army lost, so beheaded.
City to Chengdu, one hundred and fifty miles north of Lutou Mountain, the key to the two rivers, and open the city to defend, and even eight fence, open hand to reject the king's division. Is the day, broke the bandits 20,000 in the Lutou city, heavy rain like a note, do not climb, was stopped.
Tomorrow, and broken in the Wansheng pile. Pile in the east of Lutou, so that the primus Gao Xia fable pro drums, the Shi trigger edge and up, the vector stone as rain; and order the daredevil Lian Deng, seize its pile, burn its fence, the fence in the thieves annihilated.
Then according to the heap down overlooking Lutou City, the city figures can be counted. All eight battles are great success, the thief shaking heart carry on.
August, A fall light Yan and Chongwen about, to the camp offense one day. Fear of execution, is in-depth to redeem themselves, so the army at the mouth of the West River in Lutou, to break the thief grain road, the thief was horrified.
On this day, the thieves Mianjiang fence will be Li Wenyue to three thousand people to submit, and seek and Lutou will be Qiu Liangfu city to raise the descendants of the crowd of 20,000 people. Pioneers of the male Fang Shu, son in law Su Qiang, first supervised Liang Fu army, is the day of the armament system sent to the capital, the surrendered soldiers throw the face of the God bound by the Mi ten miles, so the long drive and pointed directly to Chengdu.
Deyang and other county towns are town to the heavy military, not looking at the flag rate service, the division did not stay line. The first time I saw this, I was scared, so I took my soldiers and Lu Wenruo, who was a member of the rebellion, to go to Tubo in the west.
Tubo has always been its bribe, and will start. Chongwen遣高霞寓、郦定进倍道追之，到羊灌田及焉。
Pi threw himself into the Minjiang River and was captured in the midst of the turbulence.
Wen Ruo went to the water to die.
Clothes first, the thieves will be Xing bright with 20,000 troops for the aid of the deer head, both surrender and two, chopped to favor. Clothing trapped in the reverse, all prostrate Yamen please life, Chongwen article all live.
The system authorized Chong Wen inspection school Sikong, and Chengdu Yin, filling the Jiannan Xichuan section, the management of Duchi camping field observation and disposal, unified escort near the boundary of the barbarians, Xishan eight Yunnan pacification and other envoys. Changed to Nanping County King, eat real seal 300 households, the edict carved stone in the Lutou Mountain.
Chong Wen does not understand the text, tired of large government paperwork consulting endowment of the complex, and to the rich land, nothing Chen force, begging to live on the border to defend the garrison, pleading and tired of the rustic. In the winter of the second year, the system added with the Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangzhi, Duke State, the Duke Ningqing three states section of the observation and so on, still filling the western capital of Beijing.
The use of their achievements and extravagant heart, the richness of the money, the ingenuity of a hundred works, lift and follow, Shudu a exhausted. In order not to learn the rituals of the court, afraid to enter the Hajj, the town of superior edicts on the road.
Residence for three years, large repair of military equipment. Yuan and died in four years, sixty-four years, three days after the abolition of the dynasty, the gift of Stuart, posthumously named Weiwu, with Xianzong temple court.
The translation of Gao Chongwen, his ancestors are Bohai people. Gao Chongwen was born in Youzhou, and he was simple and generous with few words, and when he was young, he joined the Pinglu army.
In the middle of Jeongwon, he followed Han Quanyi to stabilize the city of Changwu, and he had a very good reputation in governing the army.
When Han Quanyi went to the court to see the emperor, Chongwen was put in charge of the administrative affairs of the line camps, and was later appointed to serve also as the royal historian. In the 14th year of Jeongwon, Chongwen served as the emissary of Changwucheng and hoarded food and practiced diligently, which made the reputation of the army greatly improved.
In the winter of the first year of the Yongzhen era, Liu Pei rebelled with his army, and the court was discussing a crusade against him, but the chancellor Du Huangshang thought that it would be a good idea to appoint Gao Chongwen to do the job. In the spring of the first year of Yuanhe, Gao Chongwen was given the post of minister of the Ministry of Public Works, and was also appointed as the minister of the Imperial Ambassador, and was appointed as the minister of the Left Divine Counselor, and was also in charge of the Left and Right Divine Counselors, and was to follow the order of the Son of Heaven and to persuade the armies of the various towns to crush Liu Pai.
At that time, there were many experienced generals specializing in conquering the rebels, and all of them said they should be chosen, and were greatly surprised when the emperor's manuscript came out. When Gao Chongwen was in Changwu City, he trained 5,000 soldiers, and usually stood by as if the enemy were about to arrive.
Waiting for this, the eunuchs envoys to Changwu, dawning announced the order, Gao Chongwen at the hour can lead five thousand troops to leave, weapons and supplies are not missing. When the army arrived at Xingyuan, there was a loss of hostel food in the army, and Gao Chongwen killed these people to show them on parade.
Gao Chongwen led the army to take the west to enter from Langzhong, and successfully repulsed the enemy army in Jianmen, and unlocked the siege of Zitong, and the offending bandit general Xing bright and brilliant fled back. Gao Chongwen stationed his army in Zitong, and the imperial court then granted him the official position of Dongchuan Festival Minister.
Before that, Liu Pi had captured Dongchuan and captured Li Kang, the governor of the province; when Chongwen captured Zizhou, Li Pi had Li Kang return to ask to be able to clear his name of the sins he had already committed, and Chongwen beheaded Li Kang because he had caused the army to lose a defeat that left Dongchuan undefended. One hundred and fifty miles north of Chengdu, there is a deer head mountain, guarding the important places of the two rivers, Liu Pi built a wall to defend, and connected eight camps, displaying a mutually supportive situation to defend against the imperial army.
On this day, Gao Chongwen defeated 20,000 offending thieves under the city of Lutou, and the rain was so heavy, like pouring down, that he did not succeed in entering the city of Lutou, and aborted the attack. The next day, another victory was achieved by defeating ten million enemy troops at Heap.
Heap in the east of Lutou City, Gao Chongwen sent primus general Gao Xia Yu personally beat the drum, the soldiers climbed up, arrows and stones fell like rain; Chongwen also ordered the daredevil soldiers to climb continuously, and finally captured the heap, burned down their camp, the camp in.
5. 文言文《陶侃逸事》的翻译侃在广州无事，辄朝运百甓于斋外，暮运于齋内。 When asked why, he replied, "I am committed to the Central Plains, and I am afraid that I will not be able to cope with the task, so I will labor on my own." ......
Kan is smart and diligent, and he sits on his knees all day long, checking and taking in all the things in the army and government, and he has never been idle. He often said, "The saint of Dayu is a man who cherishes the inch of time, but as for the people, they should cherish the minute of time, so they can't be drunk, and they can't be useful in life, and they can't be heard of in death.
Translation
Tao Kan in Guangzhou, when there is nothing to do is always the morning morning to the outside of the study of the white bricks, and in the evening to transport them back to the study. When people asked him the reason for doing so, he replied, "I am working to recover the lost territory of the Central Plains, and I am overly leisurely and comfortable, lest I can't take on the big things, so I just make myself laborious."
Tao Kan is smart and sensitive, humble and courteous to others, and diligent in his work. The whole day sitting cross-legged, checking the management without omission, without a little idleness. He often said to others: "Dayu is a saint, but also so cherish the time, for all of us, for us should cherish the time, how can we only think of ease, play, drunken life it? It is self-abandonment to fail to do good to your country while you are alive, and it is self-abandonment for posterity not to hear of your good name after your death."
6. 文言文阅读,阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题(1)D "急诏到" means urgent imperial edict came, is a complete meaning, inseparable, exclude B, C; "以泽代耽" means let Fan Ze The meaning of "to see instead of delay" is to let Fan Ze replace Jia Tan, the structure corresponds to and contains the name of a person, it is inseparable, exclude A; "see instead of" in "see" means equivalent to "I", so it can't be divided with I" is equivalent to "I", so it can't be divided with "吾". Sentence translation is: a while there is an urgent imperial decree to send, the imperial decree let Fan Ze instead of Jia Tain's position, called Fan Ze to do the Ministry of Public Works Secretary. Jia Tan put the edict in his bosom and drank wine as he had done just now. When the banquet was over, he called Fan Ze over and said, "The edict tells you to take my place, so I am going to prepare my traveling clothes." He ordered the generals and officials to pay homage to Fan Ze. (2) C The imperial court would not give a posthumous title to a commoner. (3) D "to ask him for advice on the customs of various places, as well as knowledge of the products and geography of mountains and rivers" is wrong, according to the original text, "must be inquired about customs, so the world's soil and products, mountains and rivers and razor-sharp mountains, and, must be investigated to know" can be known that it is not the other people to ask him for advice, but he to ask the other people to ask for advice. . (4) ① story: the old practice, here translated as "in accordance with the old practice"; to: because; excellent edict: praise of the edict. Sentence translation: according to the old practice, he should be guarded in the city can not go out, because Jia Tain is good at archery, the emperor in the praise of his edict allows him to hunt in the outskirts of the countryside. ② hunt: hunting; from: make ... follow; often: often. The sentence translates as: Jia Tan often entered Li Na's territory with hundreds of men every time he hunted. Li Na was overjoyed, but he feared Jia Tan's virtue and did not dare to do anything. Answer：(1)D(2)D(3)D(4)(1)1According to the old rules, he had to stay in the city and couldn't go out, but because Jia Tain was good at archery, he was permitted to hunt in the suburbs by the emperor in his imperial decree of commendation. Whenever he hunted, Jia Tan took several hundred men with him and often entered Li Na's territory. Li Na was very happy, but he was afraid of Jia Tan's virtue and did not dare to do anything. Jia Tan was a native of Nanpi, Cangzhou. In the middle of the Tianbao period, he passed the Mingjing examination and was appointed as a lieutenant of Linqing. Wang Sili, the Hedong governor, asked him to take over the post of the governor of Duzhi. After several promotions, he became the assassin of Fenzhou, where he governed for seven years and made outstanding achievements in administration. By imperial decree, he was granted the post of Minister of Honglu, and also the post of Minister of the Left and Right Weiyuan Battalions. Soon after, he became the governor of the western province of Shannan. When Liang Chongyi revolted in Dongdao, Jia Tantan moved in to Gucheng and captured Junzhou. In the third year of Jianzhong's reign, he was transferred to the eastern province. When Emperor De Zong was in Liang Zhou, Jia Tan sent his general Fan Ze to Liang Zhou to discuss matters. When Fan Ze returned, Jia Tan organized a banquet to meet his generals. An urgent imperial edict was delivered to him, in which he asked Fan Ze to replace Jia Tan, and called Fan Ze to be the minister of the Ministry of Public Works. Jia Tan put the edict in his bosom and drank wine as he did just now. When the banquet was over, he called Fan Ze over and said, "The edict tells you to take my place, so I am going to prepare my traveling clothes." He ordered the generals and officials to pay respect to Fan Ze. General Zhang Xianfu said, "The Son of Heaven is in exile, and Fan Ze used his troops to visit the place where the Emperor was with your order, but now Fan Ze is plotting your military power and seeking benefits in your territory, which can be said to be disloyal to the people. The generals in the army are not happy in their hearts, please let me kill him for you." Jia Tan said, "What kind of reasoning is this? The court has an order, and Fan Ze is the commander-in-chief. I am now going to the court and want you to go with me." He took Zhang Xianfu with him, and the army was stabilized. Soon after, he became the governor of Dongdu. According to the old rule, he had to stay in the city and could not go out, but because Jia Tan was good at archery, the emperor allowed him to hunt in the countryside in the imperial edict to praise him. He was later transferred to the position of Minister of Yicheng. Although Ziqing Li Na was cut off the pseudo-nominal, but secretly hiding a treacherous plot, hoping to find an opportunity to realize. Thousands of Li Na's soldiers returned from the camp and passed through Wi Zhou, some people said to let them live outside the city, Jia Tan said: "with my neighbor, why should they suspect them and expose them to the wild?" He ordered them to stay in the inn of the city and invited them to a banquet in the corridor of the house, and all Li Na's soldiers trusted Jia Tan in their hearts. Whenever he hunted, Jia Tain brought several hundred men with him and often entered Li Na's territory. Li Na was very happy, but he was afraid of Jia Tain's virtue and did not dare to make any attempts. In the ninth year of his reign, he took the post of Right Servant of the Minister of the Imperial Household and also became the Minister of the Peaceful Chapter under the Gate of Zhongshu, and soon he was appointed as the Duke of Wei. He often argued that the lack of local commanders should be left to the emperor to appoint, and that if he sought them in the army, the hearts of the lower soldiers would be turned against him, and his mind would be disturbed. The emperor recognized his words but did not adopt them. When Emperor Shunzong came to the throne, he was promoted to be the inspector of Sikong and the left minister. At that time, Wang Shuwen and others interfered in the government, Jia Tan was very worried, and he begged to retire to his hometown many times, but he was not allowed to do so. After his death at the age of seventy-six, he was given the post of the Imperial Minister, and his posthumous name was Yuan Jing. Jia Tain was very fond of reading, more diligent in old age, especially good at geography. When he met people from all directions and those who traveled to foreign countries, he would ask them about the local customs, so he would investigate the local products and the flat and rugged conditions of the mountains and rivers in the world. He was a man of great magnanimity, a man of virtue, and did not like to judge others. He was a prime minister for thirteen years, and although he did not accomplish anything in the area of security, it was his strength to check himself and be strict in his work. Whenever he returned to his residence, he treated his guests without any boredom, and his family members were close to him and could not see his joy and anger. The world said that his virtue is simple and disciplined.