Yangge is a representative form of folk dance of Han nationality in China. It originated from the agricultural labor life of boat choosing and cultivating the field, because our country is a country which is mainly based on agricultural production, so the dance which expresses the agricultural production labor is especially many, among which the rice-planting song is the most widely circulated in this form. The origin of Yangge has a long history, and legend has it that the Yangge around Hebei was created by Su Dongpo when he was serving in Dingzhou. Ancient scholars believe that the folk dance of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Murata Le", was the source of the Yangge. Development to the Qing Dynasty, rice-planting songs have spread throughout the Central Han region, especially in the north more prevalent. Ancient records, the early Qing dynasty during the Kangxi period, Beijing's first month of the "rice-planting team read the spring sun" everywhere, to watch the rice-planting performances of the people are very enthusiastic, not only the lads crowded shoulder book powder, even many women's head of the hairpin are squeezed off.
The earliest Yangge was a form of singing, and only later did the dance and theater forms of performance appear. Now these three forms are popular all over the country. The term "rice-planting song" has a broad and narrow ah kind of interpretation, the broad sense of the general refers to "out of the meeting", "walking meeting", "social fire" in a variety of dances and songs such as the choice of song, Gaoxiao, Bamboo Horse, straw boat, and flower glass, to tea lights and so on. As well as flower glass, to tea lights, etc. collectively referred to as Yangge; choice of state refers to Yangge (ground Yangge) and high jumping Yangge. Although the popularity of rice-planting songs throughout the country, but in northern Shaanxi, Hebei, Northeast, Shandong and other places for the most fertile, the masses are also the most extensive.
The brief introduction is as follows:
Mapping the northern rice-planting songs are popular in Jiaxian, Suide, Mili and other places in northern Shaanxi Province. In the past, during the Spring Festival, the local people have organized the rice-planting teams to "haunt rice-planting songs", also known as "haunt the red fire", and there is a custom for the team to pay New Year's greetings to the masses. The custom of giving New Year's greetings to the masses. A rice-planting team of as few as one or two dozen people, as many as seventy or eighty people. The leader is called "umbrella head", is the rice-planting team's conductor, generally by the rice-planting experienced head of the old social fire as he holds an umbrella (symbolizing the wind and rain), dancing and singing, singing the contents of the improvisation. Behind the head of the umbrella is a cargo man with a drum in his hand, while others are dressed up as men, women, children and clowns of various characters, but mostly young peasants. When the umbrella head leads the whole rice-planting team to open the field in the square, it will first twist the "big field", also called "over the field", in the "big field" by the "umbrella head" to lead the side of the "big field", the "umbrella head" to lead the side of the "big field", the "umbrella head" to lead the side of the "big field". Umbrella head" with the side of the dance out of a variety of patterns, an excellent umbrella head", not only can a hundred people of the rice-planting team out of hundreds of graphics, but also, can look full of people, live and not chaotic. After the big field is the "small field", also known as "kicking field", according to the number of different and divided into "two people field", "three people field ", "eight people field" and so on. In addition to the "three-player field" is a man and two women, the other are half men and half women. In addition to the dance movements of "twisting step" and "one cross step" for both men and women, women have "whole clothes", "looking at flowers", "soft waist" and "soft waist". In addition to the "twisting step" and "one cross step" for both men and women, women have "whole clothes", "looking at flowers", "soft waist" and "phoenix spreading its wings"; men have "two feet" and "three feet without landing", Men have "two feet", "three feet without landing", "split fork" and so on. After the small field, sometimes performing songs and dances, vivid plot of the small drama, generally known as the "Yangge opera". After the small opera, the collective twisting field. In the red-hot atmosphere at the end. Some researchers have summarized the action characteristics of the northern Shaanxi rice-planting songs as: "twisting", "swinging", "walking" three words, the mnemonic is: "reflecting the northern rice-planting songs twisting and swinging away, the mood is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free, the rhythm is lively and free. The mood is lively and free, the rhythm is cheerful and varied, and the movement is like the wind swinging the willow."
This form of rice-planting song is popular in Hebei, Beijing, Liaoning and other regions, covering a wide area, but each place has its own characteristics, which can be said to be similar. Among them, Hebei's rice-planting songs are the most representative. Hebei rice-planting songs are popular in Tangshan, Changli, Luanxian area, is the region every year held "out of the meeting" (a large-scale mass cultural and recreational activities, including a variety of folkloric performances) in the main form of agricultural performance. It is characterized by some very wonderful, witty and vivid small field, these small fields have distinctive characters and vivid storyline, and mainly through the dance movement to show, can be said to be a kind of folk hillI dance drama, its representative work 91: "Wang Er Xiao catching up with the foot", "Junzhu Zi pick up" and so on. Chinese people's **** and over building dance works.
Shandong rice-planting song Shandong is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, as early as two thousand years ago has created and developed Qi, Lu culture, which occupies an important position in the culture of the Chinese nation. Shandong region is also very rich in folk dance, of which the drum rice-planting song is the most influential. Drum Rice-planting Song is the most representative folk dance in Shandong, reflecting the ancient style of Qilu, which is simple, rugged, upright and open-minded. There are four main types of characters in Drum Rice-planting Song, namely "umbrella", "drum", "stick" and "flower". The umbrellas are divided into two types: the flower umbrella and the ugly umbrella. The flower umbrella is responsible for commanding the orchestra and mastering the rhythm of the dance; the ugly umbrella commands the changes in the formation of the rice-planting team, and they all hold the umbrella in their left hand and dance. The "drum" is a flat round drum in the left hand, and the right hand holds a drum whack, while dancing and beating. The "stick" is a wooden stick held in each hand of the dancers, and they hit each other while dancing. The "flower" is the dancer dressed as a young girl, holding a long handkerchief in her left hand and a flower made of colored silk in her right hand. In addition to the L four roles, there are also running "miscellaneous corner", make-up into the old man, wife of a variety of characters, in the rice-planting team after the funny performances. Drum rice-planting songs are also rich and varied go field (formation changes) see a long, beautiful formation composition, changes in clever and compact, there are dozens of kinds of more.
In addition to the drums, there are also Haiyang Yangge and Jiaozhou Yangge in Shandong. Haiyang Yangge has a simple and rugged style, with flexible and free forms of performance, in which the dance images of the dafu and the flower drums are the most prominent, and the use of umbrellas and drums is also characteristic. The dance image of Jiaozhou Yangge is most characteristic of women's dance (Xiaoyuan, fan girl, Cuihua), which gives people a sense of toughness, stretching, and sharpness. Professional dance teachers summarize the motions of Jiaozhou Yangge as follows: "The foot twisting, twisting the waist, the small arm wrapping around the 8 characters (kiyongyong), the hand pushing, and the wrist flipping are organically combined." Older artists describe its rhythm and style as "lifting the weight, dropping the weight, walking and floating; moving and twisting the waist". (See Liu Sibo, Zhang Shiling, and He Jianjiao, An Introduction to the Han Folk Dance Tap.