Mongolian dance
The Mongols are a nomadic people in northern China, engaged in animal husbandry and hunting production. As a result of long-term life in the grasslands of the geographical environment and climatic conditions, since ancient times, the worship of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers and the eagle totem, thus forming the Mongolian dance thick, subtle, stretching, bold characteristics.
First, the style of Mongolian dance
Mongolia is a horseback riding nation. Riding a horse on the vast grasslands, so that the Mongolian people have formed a unique style of grassland culture. Because of the long-term horseback riding, the Mongolian dance movements are mostly shoulder and arm-based. Such as hard shoulder, soft shoulder, round shoulder, throw shoulder, broken shake shoulder, hard hand, soft hand, pressure wrist, flick wrist, turn the wrist and other movements, plus round, twist, horizontal swing twist, twisting and tilting and other four main rhythms. These different body movements form the unique style characteristics of Mongolian dance. According to these stylistic features of the dance, we have divided it into the following categories:
1. "Saerdan" is the most important folk dance of the Mongolian people in Xinjiang, which is widely spread in the Mongolian inhabited areas around the world and is loved by the people. Almost everyone in Xinjiang Mongolian people of both sexes, young and old, can dance Saerdan. Sa'urdun is both the name of the Xinjiang Mongolian folk dance and song and dance song, but also the folk dance of the general term. Sa'urdun often in the festivals, male and female marriage, welcome guests to send guests to the family feast and other entertainment activities jump.
2. "Andai Dance", the traditional Mongolian folk song and dance. In ancient times, it was used to treat "devil possession" disease, infertility after marriage, etc. It has the function of driving away ghosts and epidemics, and begging for rain in the year of abundance. In modern times, it is mainly used for festival entertainment. The dance is mostly held in the late summer and between the fall harvests. The main dance leader is "Bo", who holds a drum whip and a single drum and presides over the ceremony. It is mainly characterized by singing and dancing, dance has a warm and unrestrained, bold and robust style, dance movements are mainly "footsteps", "footsteps", "flinging scarf" and the circle formation composition.
3. "Top Bowl Dance" is a traditional folk dance of Ordos Mongols inherited from Yuan Dynasty. The form is novel, the movement is beautiful, the temperament is elegant, the style is unique, has the rich national characteristics. It occupies an important position in the development of Mongolian folk dance. Ordos Mongolians, who can sing and dance well, dance in the wedding banquet and festive party with one or two people holding a teacup or a bowl-shaped small oil lamp or a bowl full of water or milk wine, holding two wine cups or a bunch of bamboo chopsticks with both hands in the sound of song and music. Top lamp, top bowl dance action is not a fixed number of sets, master the basic movements, playing chopsticks after the law, the dancers improvise on the spot, emotional, action, dance changes colorful, fully demonstrating the skills of the dancers, wisdom and folk dance rich, flexible, versatile characteristics.
4. "Chopstick Dance", one of the representative traditional folk dance forms. The Chopstick Dance is a dance form performed by male artists alone at weddings and festivals, accompanied by stringed music and vocals. The Chopstick Dance is performed with the right hand grasping the chopsticks, lifting up and pressing down with the power of the bowl, striking the hands, legs and shoulders, and then striking the feet on the ground. With the changes of the bowl turning around, sometimes the shoulders are shrugged vividly, sometimes the legs jump flexibly, sometimes the body is twisted and leaned forward on the left to face the left side down, sometimes the body is twisted and leaned forward on the right to face the right side down. Various movements basically maintain a semi-squatting dance posture. With a strong sense of rhythmic movement around the circle and a full flavor around the shoulder, the whole dance is very prominent in hand movements and shoulder movements, with a cheerful, graceful and athletic style, reflecting the warmth and boldness of the Mongolian people and their love of life. Chopsticks dance own unique artistic infectious force, get Asia, Europe, the United States, many countries and national favorites.
5. Taiping drum dance. "Taiping drum" is made of copper ring donkey skin, round or oval, drum skin painted mountains, water, flowers or characters, decorated with pom-poms, flower spikes, handle small circle tied with a small iron ring. More than in the abundance of festivals performed by women, divided into collective and single dance two forms of performance. When dancing, the left hand holds the drum handle horizontally, and the right hand holds a wooden stick with spikes, dancing while striking. The names of the movements include "worshiping the drum", "running the horse", "pulling the big saw", "fighting the battlements", "playing the cotton flower", "playing the cotton ball", "playing the horse", "playing the horse", "playing the saw" and "playing the battlements". "Playing Cotton Flower", "Rolling Lanterns", "Catching Birds", "Rolling Show Balls" and so on. etc. As the name suggests, the many and varied drumming movements are closely related to the daily lives of the working people. The body movements are generally exaggerated, and the basic dance postures are mostly tilting, leaning, tilting and sideways with the waist as the axis. The dance steps are open and powerful, elastic, mixed with jumping, turning and other skills, there are skilled people can dance at the same time play four or five drums, circling around different parts of the body, with acrobatic colors.
6. "Circle Dance", Mongolian folk dance. The dance consists of several movements such as the alternating footsteps, the bold and unrestrained jumping step, and the bright and elegant lower body or side body running and jumping step. The upper-body movements include shaking hands, holding hands with people behind the back, holding hands with people, and dancing in a circle, which is why people usually call Buryat folk dance a circle dance. The slow dance is lyrical and soft, and the fast dance is cheerful and agile, with strong jumping. The folk style is simple, with ancient colors, warm and bold feelings.
Second, the appreciation of Mongolian dance
Dance appreciation is a spiritual activity, requiring the appreciation of the work into the work, which requires the appreciation of the play in addition to the image of thinking, but also requires that the appreciation of the whole body and mind into the whole process of dance appreciation, the only way to enter the aesthetic world of art.
The audience in the dance appreciation. The first thing to pay attention to is the atmosphere of the dance, the dancer's body and clothing. Then, with the development of the dance works into the works, the works of the image and plot and their life experience, began to actively participate in the activities of which, to understand the character emotion and the development of the clues of the event, and then to play the imagination, and actively participate in the creator, the performer's creative activities. At this point, the audience enters the stage of rational thinking, and at a higher level to grasp the substance of the dance works. Only when the audience leaps from sensual experience to rational thinking can they truly appreciate the beauty of the dance work and realize the image beyond the image. This is a deep aesthetic psychological activity law.
Perceptual experience and rational thinking are two aspects of dance appreciation activities, and both are indispensable. Perceptual experience is attracted by the work, and rational thinking is beyond the limitations of the work to grasp the infinite. However, when appreciating dance, if you always keep a "rational" mind, you will not be able to truly appreciate the beauty of art. The audience first needs to be in the dance, and then think about the dance, in order to truly grasp the work of art. In addition, to appreciate the dance works, but also pay attention to the emotional input. The aesthetic emotion should flow with the dance.
Only emotionally invested, can truly appreciate the charm of dance art. Dance appreciation activity is the appreciation of the creator and the creator of the emotional exchange of activities, works of cohesion of the creator's emotions, creators through the works of their own emotions to the appreciation, appreciation of the appreciation process to gradually experience the creator's emotions, and then to achieve with the creator's emotions **** Ming. In the dance art appreciation, the audience's emotional activity is initially expressed in the recognition of the work, and then moved by the work.
When the admirer's emotion and the emotion expressed by the work is consistent, into the layer of human emotion. Such as the Mongolian duo dance "Pastoral", a pair of young Mongolian men and women, with full of passion, full of a sense of the times, dance vocabulary and rhythm, accompanied by a feeling of affinity for the grassland pastoral, the young herdsmen of today's praises of the grassland, the love of life, the hope for the future, the desire for a better love, are integrated into their dance, to give a person with the era of the emotional infectivity of the uplifting upward.
In addition, the movement of Mongolian dance is very beautiful, very rich temperament beauty, its temperament mainly comes from the God and gas, but also a nation's psychological and physiological qualities in the reproduction of their own national dance art.
The beauty of the temperament of Mongolian dance is mainly manifested in two aspects: the female dance is beautiful, stretching, cheerful, bright, giving people a gentle but not lose fitness, dignified but not lose the beauty of the playful. The male dance is majestic, robust, rugged, bold, full of masculinity.
The aesthetic characteristics of Mongolian dance, is inherited from the excellent Mongolian dance art, to carry out fit the national aesthetic taste and carry forward the needs of the excellent national civilization, seize the center of the Mongolian dance to innovate, while inheriting and explore, in order to make Mongolian dance to the right track of development.