Du Fu studied and traveled before he was thirty-five. During the Tianbao period, he went to Chang 'an and had no way to join the army. After ten years of hardships, he won a small position in which you Wei led Cao to join the army. At the beginning of An Shi Rebellion, he was exiled and captured by the rebels. After getting out of danger, the official got a left pickup truck. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he abandoned his official position and went west. Finally he went to Sichuan and settled in Chengdu. He once played Yuan Wailang in Jiannan Our Time Yanwu, so he was also named Du Gongbu. In his later years, his family moved eastward, staying in Kuizhou for two years and leaving the gorge. Wandering in Hubei and Hunan, he died of poverty and illness.
Zi Mei lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Her poems are mostly about social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings, which is called "the history of poetry". He cares about the country and the people, has a noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and is known as the "poet saint".
Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis and refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation.
Du Fu is as famous as Li Bai and is known as the "Great Du Li" in the world. The core of his thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has a great ambition of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior first, and then making the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, criticized and exposed the corruption of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and even fantasized that he was willing to make self-sacrifice to save their suffering. Therefore, his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, the seven ancient poems, the five laws and the seven laws, he also wrote many lines. There are also various artistic techniques, which are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the shackles of the ancient Yuefu themes and created many new Yuefu themes, such as the famous Three Officials and Three Farewells. After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. Du Fu's poems had a far-reaching influence on Bai Yuan's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems were widely valued after the Song Dynasty. Yu Wang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others highly praised Du Fu, while Wen Tianxiang regarded Du Fu's poems as a spiritual force to adhere to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art. For details of his life, see Old Tang Book 190. This is Du Gongbu.
Three Officials and Three Farewells are the representative works of Du Fu's realistic poems. It truly describes the thoughts, feelings, actions and language of county officials, customs officials, old women, old people, brides, husbands and others in a specific environment, vividly reflects the social reality of that period and the profound disasters and pains of working people, and shows people tragic life tragedies. In these descriptions of life sufferings, on the one hand, the poet has deep sympathy for the people who have suffered greatly, and hates the enslavement and persecution of the people by officials; On the other hand, he supported the counter-insurgency war of the dynasty and hoped that the people would suffer hardships and cooperate with the dynasty to put down the rebellion. This complex and contradictory thought accords with the poet's thought of worrying about the country and the people.
Du Fu's Tomb in Odamura, Pingjiang is the burial place of Du Fu, a great patriotic poet and world cultural celebrity in Tang Dynasty. In the winter of 768 (the third year of Tang Dali), he left Sichuan for Yueyang by boat with his wife and children. The following spring, Zhou lived in Tanzhou (now Changsha). In April, 770 (the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty), Hunan military forces sent Zangzan to quell the chaos. In order to avoid the war, Du Fu returned to Xiangjiang River in the middle of the night and went to his uncle Cui Wei. When the boat arrives in Tianyi Fang, Leiyang, it can't go forward in case of flood, and it is not allowed to eat for half a day. Leiyang county magistrate sent beef liquor. Du Fu turned back to Changsha and lived in Jiangge. In late autumn, I miss my hometown and enter the Dongting alone. Because of the recurrence of serious illness, the expenses were exhausted, so I had to go back to Miluo River to visit my friends in Changjiang County (now Pingjiang) for medical treatment. Unfortunately, he died in the county government and was buried in Days Mirror Lake, ODA. His sons, Zong Wu and Sun, stayed behind to guard the tomb, and Du's family has since multiplied.
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Li Bai (70 1-762), born on February 8, 70 1, Han nationality, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty and was called a poet in the history of China. His poetic style is bold and elegant, with rich imagination, fluent and natural language and harmonious temperament. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors. He is the new peak of active romantic poetry since Qu Yuan, and is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. He is the greatest poet in China history.
Li Bai's ancestral home is Ji Cheng (now Qin 'an County, Gansu Province). At the end of Sui Dynasty, he moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan), where Li Bai was born. At the age of five, his family moved to Zhangming County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province). At the age of 20, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and living in Anlu (now Anlu County, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and pay homage to celebrities, so as to get an introduction, climb high in one fell swoop and realize his political ideals and ambitions. However, after ten years of wandering, I have accomplished nothing. Continue to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and live in Rencheng, Shandong (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are famous all over the world. In the early years of Tianbao, on the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty called him to Beijing and ordered him to worship the Hanlin. Soon, due to the remorse of the dignitaries, he was driven out of Beijing in Tianbao 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering in Jiang and Huai, and his thoughts are extremely boring.
In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong and invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway from Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Dai Zong died in dangtu county, Anhui.
Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception and fresh and lively in language, forming a bold artistic style and reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems, including Li Taibai's poems.
His poems are rich in imagination, unique in conception, magnificent and bold in style, and he is a representative figure of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
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Su Shi (1037 ~111), the eldest son of his father, Su Xun, was given a surname in the Southern Song Dynasty and pursued posthumous title's "Wenzhong". In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar with his younger brother. Dali was appointed as the judge and signed the book Fengxiang House. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after the expiration of his father's funeral system and sued the court for being a judge. Disagreement with Wang Anshi's political views, opposition to the implementation of the new law, self-employment, and imprisonment for General Hangzhou. Move to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) and Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was involved in Wutai poetry case, and was ordered to appoint Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) as an assistant and set up this state. Empress Dowager Zhe Li Zong came to the DPRK and was reinstated as Langfengzhi Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong Province); Before the end of his term of office, in addition to his daily life, he moved to the Sheren of Zhongshu, moved to the Hanlin bachelor's office, and learned about the imperial edict and the tribute of the Ministry of Rites. Yuan You went out to know Hangzhou in four years (1089), and later changed to know Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), Zhe ruled the country and was successively demoted to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong) and Danzhou (now Danxian, Hainan). Hui Zong acceded to the throne and returned to the north for forgiveness. Zhong Jian Yuan (11kloc-0/) died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) and was buried in Tancheng County, Ruzhou (now jia county, Henan) at the age of 65. The representative of the wild school. He, his father Su Xun (1009 ~ 1066) and his brother Su Zhe (1039 ~12) are all famous for their literature, and they are also called "Three Sus". It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty. He is also one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and his works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu. Politically belonging to the old party.
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Su Shi's anecdotes
1, Su Shi "bullied" the teacher
Su Shi, a scholar, wrote a big article in the Spring and Autumn Period, called "Theory of Punishment Loyalty", including the following paragraphs:
When Yao was in office, he was a scholar and killed people without blinking an eye. Hao Tao said "kill the third" and Yao said "kill the third", so the world feared the strictness of law enforcement, while Le Yao used it as a light punishment.
Siyue said "guns can be used", Yao said "no, guns can command clans", and then he said "try it". He Yaozhi didn't listen to Hao Tao's murder, but used four mountains.
However, the sage's intentions can also be seen.
Examiner Mei Sheng marveled at Su Shi's article, but was not sure about the above. When Su Shi visited Mei, he asked about the origin of Yao and dialogue. Su Shi smiled and answered, "Of course."
In fact, the above allusion comes from the Book of Rites, which happened to the Duke of Zhou. Su Shi wrote on Yao during the exam, but he was fooled by teacher Bel Canto, which shows that his skill is extraordinary.
2. Dongpo meat
When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, there was a famous jingle in Pork Fu: "Huangzhou is a good pork, but the price is worthless. The rich refuse to eat, and the poor don't know how to cook. Slow down the fire, less water, and it will look good when the fire is full. Get up and play a bowl every day, and you are too full to care. " Here, "slow fire, less water, good-looking after enough fire" is the famous Dongpo meat cooking method. Su Dongpo was later appointed as the governor of Hangzhou, building Su Causeway and building water conservancy projects, which was deeply loved by the people. And this "Dongpo Meat" followed closely, and became famous in Hangzhou, becoming a famous local dish.
3. Su Shi checked out
Su Shi lived in Changzhou in his later years. He spent his last savings and bought a house. He is preparing to move in another day. By chance, he heard an old woman crying very sadly. He asked the old woman why she was crying. The old woman said that she had a house that had been handed down for a hundred years and was sold by unscrupulous children. She cried very sadly. Looking carefully, it turns out that the house that Su Shi bought is the ancestral home that the old woman said. So Su Shi said to her, "I sold Yi's former residence, so there is no need to feel deeply distressed. Now it's time to return the house to Yi. " Su Shi immediately burned the deed and rented a house. In July this year, he died in a rental house. (See Zhou's "Liang Manzhi")
4, poetry to eat
When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to Beijing for scientific research. Six conceited juren looked down on him and decided to invite Su Shi to dinner for the next dish, intending to Doby him. Su Shi went with pleasure after receiving the invitation. Before the chopsticks are moved, everyone puts forward a drinking order. The content of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that you can eat a dish by yourself. The other five people cheered. "I'll go first." The elder said, "Jiang Ziya is fishing in Weishui!" Then I took a plate of fish. "Qin Changan sells horses!" The second one proudly holds horse meat. "To Tu Thanh is herding sheep in Beihu Lake!" The third man took the mutton without weakness. "Zhang Yide Zhuoxian sells meat!" The fourth reached out and barbecued. "Guan Yunchang Jingzhou scraping bones!" The fifth one couldn't wait to take the bone. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in Longzhong!" The sixth proudly picked up the last green vegetable. All the dishes were served, and when the six juren were ready to laugh at Su Shi while eating, Su Shi was unhurriedly chanting, "Qin Shihuang annexed six countries!" After that, he put all six dishes in front of him and said with a smile, "Brothers, please!" " Six juren stupefied.
Step 5 get success
When Su Shi took the Beijing exam, Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary master in the Northern Song Dynasty, presided over the exam. When he was examining and approving the paper, he was fascinated by Su Shi's gorgeous and superb writing style. In order to prevent favoritism, the papers at that time were all anonymous. Therefore, although Ouyang Xiu wanted to choose this article as the first, he felt that this article was very similar to that written by his favorite pupil Ceng Gong, and he was afraid of falling behind the crowd, so he finally rated the second. It was not until the list was published that Ouyang Xiu knew that the author of the article was Su Shi. After learning the truth, Ouyang Xiu regretted it, but Su Shi didn't care at all. Ouyang Xiu admired Su Shi's generosity and outstanding talent: "Such a young talent should really make him stand out from the crowd!" And officially accepted Su Shi as an apprentice.
6. Family reunion
After the second place in Su Shi's high school, the three sons of Su Shi and the people who are famous for their "three difficulties" gathered in the garden to celebrate. Su Xun, the father of Su Shi, put forward the word "Leng Xiang", and both of them wrote two poems, which would suit the situation at that time. In order to take the lead, Sue walked slowly to the edge of the flower pond, chanting: "Water flows cold from the stone, and wind comes from flowers." Ziyou stood up and picked a Toona sinensis, flicked his fingers and said, "Cold words are unknown, and plum blossoms are full of fingers." My little sister also went to pick flowers, and I wanted to laugh at him for imitating himself, but my little sister said, "Make the cuckoo's throat cold, and stay in the flowers and have a dream." Say that finish spread out the palm, a butterfly has been trampled to death. The characteristics of the daughter were exposed, and everyone cheered in unison. Su Shi brushed a stone bench and rode away. Su Laoquan shouted: "My son, don't leave until you answer." After saying his word, Su Shi screamed: "The clothes are cold when brushing stones, and the horseshoe fragrance is gone when stepping on flowers"!
7. Sacrifice Buddha with cake
Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian live in Jinshan Temple. One day, they made bread to eat. They agreed not to tell the Fo Yin monk in the temple about the cake fight. After a while, the cake was ready. They counted it, first presented it to Guanyin Bodhisattva, bowed down and prayed diligently. Unexpectedly, Fo Yin had been hidden in God's account in advance. When they knelt down to pray, they reached out and stole two cakes. When Su Shi finished worshipping, he got up and saw that two cakes were missing. Then he knelt down and prayed, "Guanyin Bodhisattva is amazing. She ate two cakes. Why didn't she come out to see him? "
Fo Yin replied in his account: "If I had noodles, I would cook something with you. How dare I bother you? "
8. Sing poems and enjoy the moon
Su Dongpo is in Hangzhou and likes to make friends with monks in West Lake Temple. He and monk Fo Yin of the Holy Mountain Temple are best friends. They often make jokes while drinking and reciting poems.
Monks in Fo Yin are delicious. Whenever Su Dongpo treats guests at a banquet, he always comes uninvited. One night, Su Dongpo invited Huang Tingjian to visit the West Lake, and many tables and drinks were prepared on board. When the cruise ship left the shore, Su Dongpo smiled and said to Huang Tingjian, "Fo Yin will come to every party. Tonight, we will take a boat to the lake to drink, sing poems and have a good time. He can't come anyway. " Who knows that Fo Yin monk learned that Su Dongpo was going to travel with Huang Tingjian, so he hid under the cabin board before they boarded the ship.
The bright moon is in the sky, the cool breeze is refreshing, and the lotus fragrance is full of lakes. The cruise ship slowly came to the three towers of the West Lake. Su Dongpo raised his glass, smoothed his beard and said happily to Huang Tingjian, "Today, without Fo Yin, we are quiet. Let's start by ordering wine. The first two sentences should be immediate, and the last two sentences should end with the word' in'. " Huang Tingjian said, "All right!" Su Dongpo said first: "What can the sky say when the clouds open and the moon shines?" ? What is the sky saying? "
Huang Tingjian looked at the lotus flowers all over the lake, and then said, "Li Anping pushed them away and swam out. This is a good thing! Get what you want! "
At this time, Fo Yin couldn't help being pressed under the deck. As soon as he heard Huang Tingjian's words, he pushed open the deck and climbed out, saying, "Push the deck open and Fo Yin will come out. What a pity! Hey! "
Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian were startled to see a man suddenly climb out from under the planking. When they looked carefully, it turned out to be Fo Yin. When they heard him say such four poems, they couldn't help laughing.
Su Dongpo took Fo Yin and sat down and said, "You hid well. You are right. You ate again today! " So, the three of them enjoyed the moon and swam around the lake, talking and laughing.
9. Dongpo fish
Su Shi is not only a master of literature, but also good at food. Besides Dongpo elbow, Su is also good at cooking fish, and his fish is a must. Once, Su Shi was very happy. He went to the cupboard to cook fish himself. Just after cooking, I saw Huang Tingjian come in through the window (Huang Tingjian is one of the four major fonts in ancient China and a close friend of Su Shi. They often take pleasure in quarrelling. Knowing that I was going to rub the meal card oil again, I quickly hid the fish on the top of the cabinet. Huang Tingjian came in and said, "Today, I asked Brother Zi Zhan, dare I ask Su Shi how to write Su?" Su Shi responded morosely: "Su Zhe, the fish on the grass, the food on the left." Huang Tingjian added: "Can you put this fish on the right?" Su Shi said, "Not bad." Huang Tingjian went on to say, "Is this fish ok?" Su Shi said, "How can fish be put on it?" Huang Tingjian pointed to the top of the cabinet and said with a smile, "Since Brother Zi Zhan knows this truth, why do you put fish on it?" ! "Su Shi, who has always been witty, was completely beaten by Huang Tingjian this time!
10, fruits and medicines
Shortly after Su Shi's marriage, he was invited to visit Huang Tingjian's house. When he got there, the servant came and told him to go back at once, saying that his wife was in a hurry. Huang Tingjian sneered and intoned, "Fortunately, it is early (apricot, jujube, plum) and calm (Cistanche deserticola is Chinese medicine)." This sentence contains three fruit names and one medicine name. Su Shi got into the saddle and walked away without looking back. As he walked, he said, "This thing (apples, sugar cane, persimmons) must be angelica (angelica is the name of Chinese medicine)." Dongpo's talent is really admirable.
1 1, the line between life and death
After Su Shi went to prison, Zongshen sent a little eunuch to pretend to be a prisoner and sleep with Dongpo to test whether he hated the son of heaven. When eating during the day, the little eunuch teased him with words. Su Shi ate with relish and replied, "No matter the weather thunders and thunders, my heart will not move!" " "At night, he fell asleep, and the little eunuch quipped," Isn't it a pity that Sue sleeps in such a bed? " Su Shi ignored it and snored and answered. The next morning, the little eunuch woke him up and said, "Congratulations, your Excellency, you have been pardoned. "You know, that night was extremely dangerous. As long as Su Shi has a little complaint and a little strange behavior of eating badly and sleeping uneasily, he is in jeopardy. In fact, Emperor Zongshen was also a fool. How could it be impossible to send a eunuch to take refuge in Su Shi's information?
12, self-restraint
After the restoration of the imperial conservatives, Sima Guang, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, who was famous for smashing jars, paid homage to each other, and the new law was completely abolished. At this time, Su Shi, who is also a conservative, advocated that the new law should not be completely denied, but should be treated differently, so he had a fierce conflict with Sima Guang and was once again demoted to Guazhou. Although Su Shi believes in Buddhism, he doesn't like monks. I heard that there is a famous monk named Fo Yin in Jinshan Temple in Guazhou. Sushi was unconvinced and decided to go to the mountain to meet the old monk for a while! In the temple, Su Shi talked from the emperor to the civil and military officials, and from governing the country to being a man. The monk listened quietly. Su Shi saw that Fo Yin was silent and looked down upon him from his heart. I thought to myself: everyone says he is capable. It turns out that he is a straw bag, and he came here to cheat some incense money! The topic slowly came to Buddhism. At this time, Fo Yin asked: "What kind of person should Lao Na be in your husband's eyes?" Su Shi was full of contempt and casually replied: "You are capable in the eyes of ordinary people, but that's because they are shallow. In fact, you are a liar every day, and there is no real talent! " Fo Yin smiled and answered in silence. Su Shi saw that he not only looked down on the monk more, but also gloated, so he asked, "Master Su, who am I in your eyes?" "You are a very learned and cultivated person. It is better to be honest than to lose money! " Fo Yin replied. After returning to China, Su Shi proudly told his little sister how to be a monk in the morning, and Su Xiaomei laughed so hard that her meal came out. Su Shi was puzzled and asked, "Why is my little sister laughing?" "You belittle the monk. Instead of being angry, he praised you. Who do you call educated? How to cultivate one's morality without learning? You still think you're better than others? Shameless, you don't even know! " . After listening to this, Su Shi suddenly realized that he and Fo Yin had become best friends since then.
1 1, "bones" are not cold.
One day, Su Shi and Fo Yin visited Slender West Lake by boat. Master Fo Yin suddenly took out a fan with Dongpo poems written on it and threw it into the river, shouting, "Water flows out of Dongpo poems (corpses)!" Su Shi was stunned at that time, but soon smiled and pointed to a dog gnawing bones on the river bank, chanting: "Dogs gnaw bones on the river bank (monks)!"
12, Dongpo eats grass
In his spare time, Su Shi visited Master Fo Yin in Jinshan Temple. I didn't expect the master to be away, so a little novice monk opened the door. Su Shi proudly said, "Where is the bald donkey? ! "。 Little novice monk calmly pointed to the distance and replied, "Dongpo eats grass!" " "
13, allied forces retreat.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song people led an invasion of Liao. However, the imperial court, which was bent on seeking peace, attracted the envoys of Liao State and sent a pair of couplets, asking the Song people to answer correctly: three lights, the sun, the moon and the stars. If you are allied, you will withdraw your troops and make peace. This couplet looks simple, but it is not easy to get it right. The number in the sentence is the same as the number after it, and the number selected in the sentence corresponds to three things more or less. Su Shi, who happened to return to Beijing to report on his work, skillfully combined the upper and lower couplets into one: four poems, elegant and ode. This couplet has only three names in four poems, because there are "Ya" and "Ya" in the Book of Songs, which are collectively called "Ya". In addition, there are four parts: "national style" and "ode to poetry", so the Book of Songs is also called "Four Books". The punch line is natural, and Liao admires it to the extreme.
14, a threesome must have my teacher.
One day, Su Shi, his sister and Huang Tingjian enjoyed these paintings. It's interesting to see the title above: the breeze is fine and the willows are fine, and the plum blossoms are pale. Look, it's a four-character couplet, but there is a word in the middle. Miss Jie suggested adding words in the middle to become a five-character couplet. Huang Tingjian caught it right: dancing in the wind and hiding plum blossoms in the bright moon. Miss Sister's Supplement: The breeze shakes the willows, and the bright moon reflects the plum blossoms. Su Shi thought for a moment, immediately responded, and wrote lyrics to make it become: the breeze helps the willows, and the plum blossoms are defeated in the bright moon. Throughout the three-person couplets, Su Shi is the best: the word "Fu" not only describes the softness of the wind and the fineness of the willow, but also describes the intimacy between the wind and the willow, which is more vivid; The word "lost" is also more appropriate than the word "hidden", which not only emphasizes the bright moonlight, but also takes into account the cleanliness of plum blossoms, highlighting the fusion of the two, which is more consistent and appropriate.
15, man's plan
Fo Yin, Su Shi's best friend. Although he is a monk, he never avoids wine and meat. On this day, Fo Yin fried fish and drank wine, which happened to be the day when Su Shi visited. Fo Yin quickly hid the fish under the big fish. Su Shi had already smelled the fishy smell, but he didn't see it when he entered the door. He remembered that he had been cheated by Huang Ting that day. He changed his subject and deliberately said, "Today, I came to ask the master, what is the next sentence of Xiangmendi Changchun?" To Fo Yin's great surprise, his old friend read a well-known old saying, and he blurted out the following sentence: The accumulation of good deeds is not just a celebration. Su Shi clapped his hands and smiled: "Since there were fish (surplus) in the Qing Dynasty, let's accumulate some goodness and enjoy it."
16, Wushan River
On one occasion, Su Shi made an appointment with his brother Su Zhe and his master Fo Yin. The three of them traveled together, and Fo Yin improvised a sentence: There is no mountain like Wushan. The key lies in the homonym of "nothing" and "witch". Su Zhe is right: he is mellow in Ye Can. When Su Shi heard this, he said to his younger brother: It is certainly good to use the homonym of "Hehe" to express "Wu Wu", but wouldn't it be better to change it to this: What water can be as clear as a river? Hearing this, Fo Yin and Su Zhe agreed, saying that "water" is better than "mountain" and more stable in processing.
17, Xiaomei, Li Anqi
Su Shi, who hasn't met her friends for a long time, invited Huang Tingjian to visit her home. When my sister saw my brother go out to meet him personally, she made a joke and said, "My brother is invited outside for two months.". Su Shi knew that Xiaomei was joking with herself and immediately said that Xiaomei was catching half the wind at the window. "Half" versus "double" and "wind" versus "moon". Interestingly, the traditional "wind" in China means that half wind means "lice", which means that little sister is catching lice by the window. Little sister turned away angrily.
18, Christine and Christine
After Su Shi was reinstated, he told Huang Tingjian: "When I was in prison, three meals a day were still very sweet. It's delicious on earth! " . When Huang Tingjian asked what "three white rice" meant, Su Shi replied: "A pinch of salt, a dish of raw radish and a bowl of rice is" three white rice. " Su Shi has forgotten this matter. One day, I received an invitation from Huang Tingjian to invite Su Shi to his house for dinner. Su Shi readily kept the appointment and said to his wife, "Huang Tingjian is a contemporary bachelor and has a wide reading. He must have very little food. But when Su Shi got to the place, he found that there was only salt, radish and rice on the table, and he suddenly realized that it was teased by Huang Tingjian. A few days later, Huang Tingjian also received an invitation from Su Shi, inviting him to have a meal. Huang Tingjian knew that Su Shi wanted revenge, but he was curious and wanted to know what the meal was, and finally went. Su Shi accompanied Huang Tingjian from morning till night in Shanghai and carried Huang Tingjian's chest on his back because of hunger. I really can't help eating. Su Shi replied slowly: "salt is hairy (m m?o, meaning" no "), radish is hairy, and rice is hairy. Isn't it just a "meal" In fact, you have been enjoying it. " Huang Tingjian consternation, two people laugh at the same time.
19, so dead
In his later years, when Su Shi was dying, he gathered around the bed and asked his sons, "Do you think it's good to die? ! "The youngest son replied mysteriously," It must be very good. " Sue said to him, "How can you know for sure?" ! The youngest son said, "think about it. If not, why don't all the dead people come back? ".Nobody has come back for thousands of years. It must be good to die! "
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