Helen Keller seemed to be destined to create miracles for mankind, or rather, God let her come to earth to show the dignity and greatness of the disabled to the common people. When she was one and a half years old, she suddenly suffered from acute cerebral hemorrhagic disease, and the high fever for days made her unconscious. When she woke up, her eyes were blinded, her ears were deafened, and she could not speak with her small, dexterous mouth. From then on, she fell into a dark and silent world, plunged into the abyss of pain.
March 3, 1887, was a very important day for Helen. On this day, the family hired a teacher for her - Miss Annie Sullivan. Annie taught her to write and sign language. When Mr. Arnagno of the Porkins School for the Blind read with amazement a letter from Helen, complete and authentic in French, he wrote: "No one can imagine how amazed and delighted I am. I have always been convinced of her ability, but it is hard to believe that she has achieved so much in three months' study, when it would take another person in America a year's work to reach this point." Helen was nine years old at the time.
However, it is almost impossible for a person to communicate with others in an audible language in a world without sound or light, because every exit has been closed to him. But Helen was a miracle. She went from hell to heaven step by step, though the journey was more difficult than anyone could have imagined. She learned to pronounce sounds by using her sense of touch to appreciate the fluttering of the throat and the movement of the mouth when pronouncing sounds, which was often inaccurate. For this reason, Helen had to practice her articulation over and over again, sometimes for hours at a time to produce a single sound. Failure and fatigue made her heart haggard, and a strong person even shed tears of despair. But she never backed down, night and day, hard work, and finally can fluently say "Dad", "Mom", "Sister", the whole family surprised to embrace her, even her favorite dog also seems to understand! The whole family hugged her in surprise, and even her favorite puppy seemed to understand her call, and ran to her and licked her hand.
In the summer of 1894, Helen attended the American Association for the Advancement of the Teaching of the Deaf and was enrolled at the Harmson School for the Deaf in New York, where she studied math, nature, French, and German. Within a few months, she could converse comfortably in German; in less than a year, she had read the German work Wilhelm Tell. The teacher who taught French did not know the sign language alphabet and had to teach it orally; in spite of this, Helen quickly mastered the French language and read the novel The Compelled Doctor twice. While in New York, Helen made many friends in the literary world. Mark Twain read her his wonderful short stories and they developed a true friendship. Dr. Holmes read to her from the Laws Bean collection of poems in his secluded home on the Merrimack River, and when the last two pages were read, Holmes placed a slave statue in her hands. The chains fell off this squat slave just in time for Holmes to say to Helen, "She is the liberator of your mind." The Doctor was referring to Miss Annie. Helen's heart was thrilled with the beautiful thoughts and sentiments of the human world, the timeless and deep love, and the down-to-earth pursuits, all of which were like seeds of spring y implanted in the heart. Helen said confidently from childhood: "One day, I want to go to college! I'm going to Harvard University!" This day finally came. Radcliffe College for Women at Harvard University arranged her entrance examination in a special way. She was seen running her hands skillfully over the raised Braille and then answering questions on a typewriter. After nine hours of back-and-forth, passing all subjects, with honors in English and German, Helen began college life with eagerness.
In June 1904, Helen graduated with honors from Radcliffe College. Two years later, she was appointed president of the Massachusetts Commission for the Blind and began her social work for the blind. She received visitors from the blind every day and had to answer letters that flew in like snowflakes. Later, she toured the United States to promote educational and treatment programs for the deaf-blind. By 1921, the American Foundation for the Blind civic organization was finally established. Helen was one of the leaders of this organization, and she always worked to strengthen the Foundation. In the midst of her busy schedule, she never put down the pen in her hand and completed 14 books. The Story of My Life, The Song of Stonewall, Out of the Darkness, and Optimism, all of which have had a worldwide impact. Helen's last work was The Teacher, for which she had collected notes and letters for 20 years, but all this and three-quarters of the manuscript were destroyed in a fire, along with them the Braillevin Library, the delicate craft gifts from various countries. If another person may be disheartened, but Helen learned from the pain, more determined to complete it, she quietly sat down in front of the typewriter, began another difficult trek. 10 years later, Helen completed the manuscript. She was relieved that the book was a gift to her teacher, Annie, who was also immensely proud of it.
November 15, 1956, erected in the United States at the entrance to the Perkins School for Blind Children on a plaque on the curtain, by Helen with a trembling hand opened, it reads: In memory of Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Massey. This was no ordinary plaque, but one for those who had written a prominent chapter in the history of human civilization. Indeed, Helen dedicated her life to the welfare and education of the blind and won the respect of people all over the world, and the United Nations launched the "Helen Keller" World Movement. On June 1, 1968, Helen Keller, a deaf, dumb and blind scholar, writer and educator who wrote a brilliant hymn of life in the history of human civilization, bid farewell to the world surrounded by flowers. However, her indomitable spirit of struggle, her life with a legendary color, but forever in the history books, as the famous writer Mark Twain said: the 19th century there are two remarkable characters, one is Napoleon, and the other is Helen Keller. Helen Keller
Helen Keller (Helen Keller), a deaf and blind American writer and educator.
Sick at an early age, deaf in both ears and blind in both eyes. At the age of seven, Anne Sullivan served as her tutor, and from then on became her mentor and friend, getting along for 50 years. With Sullivan's help, she entered college and graduated with honors. While in college, wrote The Story of My Life, a story of how she overcame her illness and disability, inspiring thousands of disabled and normal people alike. The book was translated into 50 languages and circulated around the world. Many more texts and several autobiographical novels followed, showing that darkness and silence do not exist. Keller later became a social reformer par excellence, traveling throughout the United States, giving speeches in Europe and Asia, and raising funds for the blind and deaf. During World War II, she visited many hospitals to comfort blind soldiers, and her spirit was revered. 1964, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor for a U.S. citizen, and the following year, she was selected as one of the world's ten most outstanding women.
Helen, Keller biography:
Born on June 27, 1880 in Tuscumbia, Alabama, USA.
Blinded and deafened in January 1882 by scarlet fever.
March 1887 Anne Sullivan becomes Keller's teacher.
Enrolled in Radcliffe College for Women, Harvard University, in June 1899.
1902-1903 Writes and publishes My Life (some translations are The Story of My Life).
Graduated from college in June 1904, magna cum laude.
1908-1913 Writes and publishes My Heaven and Earth (also translated as The World in My Life), Song of Stonewall, and Out of the Darkness.
Suffered marital misfortune in 1916.
In 1919 she was invited to Hollywood to star in a movie.
Became a major leader of the American Foundation for the Blind in 1924.
In 1929, he wrote "The Second Half of My Life" (also translated as "Midstream ---- My Life Afterward").
Traveled to England in 1930.
Honored with an honorary degree from Temple University, 1931-1933. Visits France, Yugoslavia, England.
October 20, 1936 teacher Anne Sullivan dies.
1942-1952 Traveled to thirteen countries on all continents, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia.
1953 U.S. release of "The Unconquerable Man," a documentary of Keller's life and work.
In 1955, she was awarded an honorary degree from Harvard University for her book, Teacher: Anne Sullivan Macy.
In 1959, the United Nations launched the Helen Keller World Movement.
1960 The American Foundation for the Overseas Blind awards the Helen Keller Prize.
In 1964, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Died June 1, 1968, after a long illness.
Biography of Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoléon Bonaparte (NapoléonBonaparte, 1769.8.15 ~ 1821.5.5), First Consul of the First **** and State of France (1799-1804), Emperor of the First Empire of France and of the Hundred Days Dynasty (1804-1814. 1815), militarist and statesman, once occupied most of the territory of Western and Central Europe, so that the ideas of the French bourgeois revolution has been more widely spread, the French **** and the country's modern history of the famous militarists and politicians, the pride of the French people.
Napoleon's early years
Napoleon was born in 1769 in the city of Ajaccio on the island of Corsica, his family is a declining Italian noble family, Corsica has just been sold to the French **** and the country, the King of France recognized his father as a nobleman of the French **** and the country. Under his father's arrangement, Napoleon was educated at the age of 9 at the military school in Brienne, France **** and the country, and after graduating with honors in 1784, he was selected to be sent to the Officers' School in Paris.
Napoleon, who initially identified himself as a foreigner and was determined to one day make Corsica independent of the French **** and State, dropped out of school at the age of 16 when his father died and he was commissioned a second lieutenant in the artillery. While stationed with his troops in various places, he read the writings of many Enlightenment thinkers, among whom the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau had a great influence on him.After the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, Napoleon returned to Corsica, hoping to push for its independence, but was sidelined by another pro-British and anti-French group, the Paulist group, and his family eventually fled to the French **** and State.
In July 1793, Napoleon took the royalist bastion of Toulon with his troops and was rewarded by the Jacobins. 1794, Napoleon was investigated for his close relationship with the Robespierre brothers during the coup d'état of July 1794, and later removed from the rank of brigadier general for refusing to serve in the infantry of the Italian Legion. 1795, he was commissioned by the Parisian governor, Barras, to quell a royalist rebellion, and was promoted overnight to the rank of general of the Italian Legion. In 1795, he was entrusted by the Governor of Paris, Barras, with the task of putting down the royalist rebellion, and was promoted overnight to Lieutenant General and Commander of the Paris Garrison, where he rose to prominence in both military and political circles.
Napoleon was an outstanding military, military knowledge of the time, good at a variety of military strategies used in actual combat, when the artillery he attached great importance to the tactical application of artillery, especially for the centralized use of artillery, as well as to give full play to the role of cavalry mobility. 1796 March 2, 26-year-old Napoleon was appointed as the Italian side of the French **** and the country of the Italian army Commander-in-Chief, he married his lover, Josephine Boarnet, on March 9, after which he hastened to the front. In Italy, Napoleon's armies repeatedly repulsed the First Antifa Alliance of the Austrian Empire and Sardinia, eventually forcing the other side to sign an armistice in favor of the French ****** Republic.
Napoleon's Rise
After his victory in the Battle of Italy, Napoleon's prestige grew and he became the new hero of the French **** and countrymen. His rise to power was so threatening to the Doge's government that he was appointed commander of the Arab Egyptian **** and National **** and National Army, which was sent east to curb the expansion of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland's power in the region. In Napoleon's expedition, in addition to 2,000 cannons, he brought with him 175 scholars of various trades and hundreds of boxes of books and research equipment. During the expedition Napoleon famously decreed, "Let the donkeys and the scholars walk in the middle of the column." Napoleon himself was proficient in mathematics, but also had a great love of literature and religion, and was very much influenced by the Enlightenment.
However the 1798 expedition to Egypt was itself a major failure. Napoleon's fleet was completely destroyed by British Admiral Nelson, and the troops were trapped in Egypt, where Napoleon knocked off the nose of the Sphinx. 1799 when he returned home, only 2 small ships were left out of the 400-ship fleet, and the original plan to invade India was blocked, with heavy loss of life. In the face of such a situation, the God of Fortune turned his head towards Napoleon, who learned from an outdated French newspaper about the tense situation in France. Learned of the tense situation in France and the severe external pressure, felt that the time is ripe Napoleon left his own army, secretly back to his country, as a military commander, it is difficult for people to understand, but as a politician with a keen insight, Napoleon made a most correct choice.
At this time, the European anti-French coalition gradually formed, while the royalist forces in France **** and the country is gradually rising. 1799 August, Napoleon rushed back to Paris. 1799 October, back to France **** and the country of Napoleon was welcomed as a "hero". November 9, Napoleon launched the Misty Month coup and succeeded. On November 9, Napoleon staged the Misty Coup d'état and succeeded in it, becoming the first ruler of the French **** and the country, effectively a dictator.
In the face of the tense domestic situation and severe external pressure, Napoleon carried out a number of major reforms involving politics, education, justice, administration, legislation, economic aspects, which is the most famous and still has an important impact on today's Napoleonic Code, many of the provisions of which Napoleon himself personally participated in the discussion and the final formulation of the Code, the Code basically adopts the principles of rationality put forward in the early stage of the Revolution of the Republic of France*** and the country. The Code basically adopted the more rational principles put forward at the beginning of the French **** and the Revolution. The Code was formally implemented in 1804, the results of the French Revolution from the law to be solid, even after more than a century is still the current law of France **** and the country, Napoleon in the preparation of his memoirs said: "My greatness does not lie in the victories I have had, the Battle of Waterloo has been made to go with the wind, but my greatness lies in my Code, which will always shelter the people of France to enjoy freedom. My greatness lies in my Code, which will always shelter the people of France in the enjoyment of their freedom." The Code played an important role in influencing the legislation of Germany, Spain, Switzerland and other countries. In Napoleon's proclamation to the people three weeks after the coup d'état, he proudly proclaimed, "Citizens, the Revolution has returned to the principles from which it sprang. The Revolution is over."
Thrones of the French **** and the State of the people of the Emperor Napoleon
August 1802, the **** and eight years of the Constitution was changed to a life-long reign. on November 6, 1804, the citizens voted to adopt the **** and twelve years of the Constitution of the French **** and the State of the people of France was changed to the Empire of the French, and Napoleon Bonaparte was the Emperor of the people of the French people, known as Napoleon I. December 2,. Instead of being crowned by Pope Pius VII, he placed the crown on his head himself, and then also crowned his wife, Josephine Boarnet, as Empress. A year later, he was crowned King of Italy by the Pope in Italy
In August 1805, Austria, Britain, and Russia formed the Third Coalition Against France, whereupon Napoleon left Paris on September 24 and personally swung his armies eastward, and by October 12 the French army had captured Munich.After a fierce battle between the French*** and the Austrian empire at Ulm on October 17, the Coalition Against France surrendered. The French **** and the Austrian Empire surrendered after a fierce battle at Ulm on October 17. The French **** and the Austrian Empire then won the Battle of Austerlitz, which broke up the alliance again and forced the Austrian Empire to revoke the title of Holy Roman Empire. Napoleon then united the vassal states in Germany into the "Confederation of the Rhine" and placed it under his protection. In the following fall, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Russia, and Prussia formed the Fourth Coalition against France, but on October 14, the French defeated the enemy at both Jena and Olstadt, and the Prussian army was almost completely destroyed, so Napoleon gained most of Germany. A peace treaty was signed, and the year before Napoleon issued the Pardon of Berlin, which declared a policy of continental blockade, forbidding any trade between continental Europe and England. Since then, the hegemony of the French **** and State in the European continent was established. Napoleon I was concurrently King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, and Arbiter of the Swiss Confederation, and crowned his brothers Joseph, Louis, and Jér?me respectively King of Naples, Holland, and Westphalia.
The Turning Point: The Invasion of Spain, the Austrian Empire*** and the State of Peace and Russia
In the late 1807 Spain broke out in internal turmoil, and the King of Spain was reviled by the people. Napoleon then took the opportunity to invade Spain and made his eldest brother, Joseph-Bonaparte, king of Spain. But this move was opposed by the Spaniards, and Napoleon was unable to quell the riots there. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland intervened in the Spanish dispute in 1808, when British troops landed in the Bay of Mondego on August 8th and occupied all of Portugal on August 30th. They then gradually drove the French out of the Iberian Peninsula with the support of local nationalists.
Just as Napoleon was getting bogged down in the Spanish quagmire, the Fifth Anti-French Alliance was formed in early 1809. With the Austrian Empire stealing France's territory in Germany behind him, Napoleon was forced to withdraw from Spain and lead his army on an eastward march. Although the Austrian Empire army gained the upper hand at the beginning, Napoleon soon turned defeat into victory, forcing the Austrian Empire to sign the Peace of Vienna and cede land again. The following year, Napoleon married Princess Marie Louisa of the Austrian Empire, and France and Austria formed an alliance.
By the end of 1811, Franco-Russian relations had begun to deteriorate, and Russian Tsar Alexander I refused to continue to cooperate with the French **** and state against Britain, and eventually war broke out. Napoleon entered Russia with an army of 500,000 men speaking 12 languages. The Russian army adopted the tactic of retreating without resistance until the French army entered Moscow on September 12, 1812 after the Battle of Borokino (in which 70,000 French troops were killed and seriously wounded). Napoleon thought that Alexander I would compromise, but what he did not expect was the fire of the whole city of Moscow. Instead, he was greeted by the fire of the whole city of Moscow. At this time, there was another failed coup d'état in the country, which forced him to rush back to France*** and only 10,000 people finally returned to France*** and the country.
Defeat, exile, the Hundred Days' regime and Waterloo
In 1813, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Russia, Prussia and the Austrian Empire formed the Sixth Coalition Against the French, and the two sides fought many fierce battles in Germany. Although the French army achieved a number of victories, but the pressure against Napoleon is more and more, until the Battle of Leipzig in October, the French army was crushed, the vassal states also have to separate from the independence of France **** and the country, the allies began to advance to Paris. 1814 March 31, Paris was occupied, the allies demanded the unconditional surrender of France **** and the country, at the same time Napoleon had to abdicate.1814 April Napoleon signed an edict of abdication at the Palace of Fontainebleau in Paris on April 13, two days after Napoleon had announced his unconditional surrender. Napoleon himself was exiled to Elba, a small island in the Mediterranean Sea, after his abdication. Napoleon retained the title of "Emperor", but his territory was confined to the island.
Napoleon was nearly assassinated on his way to Elba and attempted suicide himself. And in Paris, Louis XVIII returned to the French **** and State and became King of the French **** and State again, and the Bourbon dynasty was restored. The imprisonment of Napoleon's wife and son by the Austrian **** and State **** and State, and rumors that Napoleon would be exiled to an island in the Atlantic Ocean, left Napoleon with no choice but to finally escape from the island on February 26, 1815, and return to the French **** and State on March 1 at the head of 1,000 men. The army of the French **** and State, which had been sent to stop him, instead continued to support Napoleon, who returned to Paris on March 20, by which time he had a regular army of 140,000 men and 200,000 volunteers, Louis XVIII had fled, and the Hundred Days dynasty had begun.
But the good times didn't last long, as European countries quickly formed the Seventh Coalition against France. 1815 June 18 Napoleon's army was completely destroyed at the Battle of Waterloo in Belgium, and on July 15 he formally surrendered. The First French Empire was overthrown and Louis XVIII was restored again. Napoleon was exiled to the island of St. Helena, where he died on May 5, 1821, and the conqueror was buried on St. Helena on May 8, amidst a cannon salute, next to the springs of the Torbett Mountains. Until today, Napoleon's cause of death is still divided, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland doctor's autopsy report shows that he died of severe gastric ulcers, but new research suggests that Napoleon died of arsenic poisoning, and from the wallpaper loved by the aristocrats of that year, historians have found that contains arsenic minerals, estimated to be because of the environment and humidity and let the arsenic penetrate out in the environment.
Nine years after his death, the new Orléans dynasty under popular pressure to re-erect Napoleon's statue on the Vend?me Column. 1840, Louis Philippe of the July dynasty of the **** and State of France sent his son to take back Napoleon's body. On December 15 of that year, Napoleon's coffin was brought back to Paris and buried in the Retirement Home for Old and Disabled Soldiers (i.e., the Legion of Honor) on the banks of the Seine after passing through the Arc de Triomphe.