2. To be able to read a lot of poetry and books, but also to travel all over the famous mountains and rivers, this is naturally the most interesting thing under the sky.
3. The spiritual tradition of Peking University is, in a sense, the pursuit of independent personality, free thinking, striving to open up new areas, and to devote themselves to the cause of the country and the nation's greatest needs.
4. Archaeology must have the experience of field practice, archaeology is not just hiding in the study to do the study can be.
5. The fundamental task of archaeology lies in the origin and development of Chinese culture and civilization, the formation and development of the Chinese nation, and the formation and development of the unified multi-ethnic state to make a correct answer, and to take this as the core, the framework for the systematic recovery of the real contours of the history of China and the development of the vein.
6. If we are not willing to be backward forever ...... and continue to contribute to the civilized life of mankind as our forefathers did, we need to preserve the precious heritage left to us by our forefathers and learn from their experiences, how they invented and improved agriculture and pottery, conquered the forests, conquered the forests, and developed the Chinese culture. pottery, conquered the forests, domesticated livestock, invented writing, compass, printing, gunpowder, ink, paper and inkstones, and how they went from eating raw food to frying and cooking, from caves and kilns to pavilions and pavilions, from leaves and animal skins to embroidery and clothing, and from the invention of the wheel to the use of machinery, and then look at the impact of these inventions and improvements on the economic and social, political and ideological aspects of life. Then we will look at the impact of all these inventions and improvements in material life on the economic and social, political and ideological aspects of the time, which is the task of studying the history of Chinese material culture.
7. Don't look at the present. One or two decades later, whoever is able to calm down will be able to make great learning. A society must have people who are dedicated to making learning.
8. a person to do anything to be rigorous and honest, you can not do is that you can not do, absolutely can not fool people, can not do things to fool around. Do not only be rigorous and honest, but also have the determination, have the responsibility to bear, can not mess with the wind, to walk in their own way. Only see clearly what is important, in order not to be confused at the critical time.
9. The spiritual tradition of Peking University also contains a sense of mission and responsibility for society, history, and the nation based on the land of China. No matter what they do, research or teaching, they integrate their own life into it, and the cause they do, in everything they have done, so that the individual life is constantly renewed and sublimated, and they also experience the meaning and value of life.
10. From Northern Liang and Northern Wei, to the landscapes, figures, and architecture of Sui and Tang dynasties, from Fuxi and Nvwa to Rex and Flying Sky, as the caves opened up in front of us one by one, we forgot our tiredness, and the air seemed to become warm. It was as if we were in a gorgeous sanctuary, completely immersed in the art of murals and statues with their flowing shirts and intertwining light and shadow.
11. Cave 45 has the most exquisite statue of the Bodhisattva in the entire Mogao Caves.
12. The Bouncing Pipa from Cave 112, which is known as the iconic mural of Dunhuang, is the most representative image of Dunhuang art.
13. The sky in Dunhuang is extraordinarily blue, this blue and Beijing's different, it is more pure, more vast, more intense, not to the desert is not aware of the world has such a blue blue sky. I sometimes sit for half a day, the sun has not yet set, the moon rose unknowingly, you can see the sun and moon together.
14. Mogao Grottoes was founded in 366 AD, until the 14th century, during which time it was built continuously for a thousand years. Mogao Caves is the world's largest existing, best-preserved Buddhist cave art shrine, so far in the 1,700-meter-long cliff preserved 735 caves (including the South and North), 45,000 square meters of murals, more than 2,000 bodies of colorful sculptures. In addition, more than 50,000 documents and artifacts from the 4th to early 11th centuries A.D. were unearthed in 1900 in the Mogao Grottoes' Cache of Scriptures. Dunhuang West Thousand Buddha Cave preserves 22 caves, 818 square meters of mural paintings and 56 colored sculptures from the 5th-14th centuries. The Yulin Cave in Anxi preserves 43 caves from the 7th-14th centuries, nearly 5,200 square meters of murals, and more than 200 colored sculptures. There is no other Buddhist site in the world that has lasted as long as the Mogao Grottoes for thousands of years, and has preserved such a wealth of artistic and documentary treasures.
15. These pious monks were confined to the cramped caves, relying on austerity and meditation, trying to achieve ultimate liberation in the midst of desolation, in order to reach the eternal state of immortality.
16. All the most difficult places in the world, all the rare places, in fact, is the fate of the will to achieve the most thorough test of the place. All the places that seem to the world to be the most unlikely to have the meaning of life, it is precisely to arouse life's great strength and faith, and to create a miracle that is beyond the reach of ordinary people.
17. In the sixth year of the Yuan Ding era (111 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established four counties in the western region of the river, and with the addition of two passes, Dunhuang became the gateway to the western region of the Central Plains and a major military town.
18. After encountering any problem must be a question mark, not blindly gullible. Never follow the wind at any time.
19. The past can not be recovered, the future is not at all certain, a person can have only the present, the only can be taken away, but also only the present. If you know this, you can't and will no longer lose anything, because there was no possession of anything. Anyone who lives just the life he is living now, and nothing more, has the longest life and the shortest life to live.
20. I have been asked where the happiness of life lies. I think it lies in what man's nature requires him to do. A man finds his reason for living, for living meaningfully, and that fundamental force which is the source of all his hobby behavior. It is this force that will enable him to face all difficulties, so that he can finally face time, life, and death with open arms. All that inevitably departs, and true happiness is to become that self in the true sense of the word, at the beck and call of one's own mind.
21. All ethics seem to fall apart overnight. The fear or envy of human nature is catalyzed and fermented in a kind of openness.
22. An intellectual should maintain rationality and conscience at all times, and should never follow the winds indiscriminately, and be blown by the east wind today, and be blown by the west wind tomorrow.
23. Now around the Mogao Grottoes winding heavenly poplar trees, are the Mogao Grottoes of the year people planted one by one with their own hands.
24. My request to my children is that they should not do bad things, and that they should be able to stand on their own feet when they become adults and do something useful for the society.
25. Mogao Grottoes are characterized by precious value, small caves, fragile materials and frequent diseases.
26. The best life is "born well, live long, sick late, die quickly".
27. The Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang are the only world art treasure trove with sculptures and frescoes that have been open for thousands of years. Dunhuang is the most remarkable and irreplaceable, it is she herself is thousands of years of image Buddhist history, is a history of painting, a history of sculpture, a painting museum. In Dunhuang, every cave is a museum.
28. The art of Mogao Caves is broadly characterized by the following six aspects.
The first feature is the large scale. Mogao Grottoes north and south of the two areas of the existing caves counted 735 caves, caves preserved wall paintings of 45,000 square meters, more than 2,000 color sculpture, is the largest existing, well-preserved Buddhist art grottoes, known as the world's collection of ancient Buddhist art.
The second feature is the long historical span and strong continuity. Mogao Grottoes opened in the sixteen countries, through the Northern Liang, Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Western Xia, Yuan, etc. more than a thousand years, the art of inheritance relationship is clear, including almost the entire history of Buddhism since the entry of the grottoes into the history of the statue, but also a pictorial version of the history of Dunhuang and its surrounding relations.
The third feature is the distinctive characteristics of the times and regional characteristics. Mogao Caves art is rich in characteristics of different eras, and while it clearly reflects the characteristics of the popular art styles of the Middle Kingdom and local regimes in various historical periods, it also shows strong elements of Dunhuang's localized art, with clear regional characteristics, reflecting the vitality of the exchanges between China and the West on the Silk Road, and the powerful integration of Dunhuang's local cultures.
The fourth characteristic is the diversity of art forms. Mogao Caves art is a set of grotto architecture, murals, colorful sculpture of the trinity of integrated art, another cave in front of the temple buildings and caves of the wooden eaves, caves in front of the stupa, temple architectural ruins and all kinds of unearthed artifacts, caves paved with the art of brick, stone carving and stone carving art, as well as found in the cave in the Tibetan scriptures of the prints, paper paintings, streamer paintings, wood carvings, writing scripture calligraphy and other calligraphy, embroidery, silk painting and other types of artwork. The content is all-encompassing, covering Buddhist statues, secular figures, historical stories, landscapes, scenes of social production and life, and famous objects of the past dynasties and other artistic subjects.
The fifth feature is that the artistic technique is rich in change. Mogao Grottoes art form of expression to painting, sculpture-based, which emphasizes the art of painting and painting line drawing and the combination of God, mural color to colorful and rich, and other white paintings, prints and other forms of painting art. Sculpture has three-dimensional round plastic, wall half-round plastic, high relief plastic, stone clay, molded shadow sculpture, etc., bringing together a large number of ancient Chinese painting and sculpture techniques.
The sixth characteristic is the diversity of culture and art, world characteristics. Mogao Grottoes art is based on Chinese culture and art, convergence of Xianbei, Tubo, migratory birds, Danghang, Mongolia and other multi-ethnic culture and art, as well as foreign ancient Greece, ancient Rome, South Asia, India, West Asia, Persia, Central Asia, such as Cornucopia and other countries and regions within the art of the art of the complex is a variety of cultures, the fusion of multiple civilizations crystallization. Dunhuang art is known as the "image of history", it is in the promotion of Buddhism, widely spread teaching at the same time, objectively also in the form of images, presented since the 16th State, the Northern Dynasties, Dunhuang, Hexi and even the north of China's many real history, to prove the history of history, historical value is very high.
29. The stories depicted in the sutra paintings are all about the convenience of becoming a Buddha. For example, if you put down the butcher's knife, you will become a Buddha; for example, if you only need to recite Amitabha Buddha frequently, you will be able to enter the world of bliss after death; for example, if you recite a single sentence of Amitabha Buddha when danger arises, the Buddha can appear before you, and turn misfortune into good fortune; for example, if you do not forget to recite a single sentence of Amitabha Buddha at the moment when death arrives, you can be guided to the Western world of bliss... ...In this way a message is implanted in the minds of the general public that attaining Buddhahood and entering the Elysian world is an extraordinarily easy thing to do. In this way, the distance and gap between the common people and Buddhism is dissolved.
30. The Maitreya Sutra Variations and the Guanmu Sutra Variations in Cave 25 are among the most exquisite of the Dunhuang cave sutra variations.
31. There are more than 4,500 flying skies in Dunhuang, which vividly show to the world and the living beings the world of Rudraksha, the world of five tones, and Langyuan fairyland where the flowers bloom with their flying figures, graceful dances, misty fairy music, and fragrant flowers.
32. Flying carries the Chinese pursuit of spiritual freedom. The desire to fly, as a spiritual impulse, creates a great tension with the worldly constraints.
33. "Dance" is the highest degree of rhythm, tempo, order and rationality, and at the same time the highest degree of life, rotation, force and passion.
34. The reason why "Playing the Pipa" has a timeless aesthetic value is that its composition and modeling have a "meaningful form" and a deeper meaning of "beauty" that can be recalled, so that the flow of time can be experienced in the aesthetic pleasure.
35. Ananda stands on the right side of Sakyamuni. He was the cousin of Sakyamuni, the Buddha's top ten disciples, nineteen years old, converted to Buddhism, heard the Buddha's teachings, diligent and studious, learned and remembered, so also known as "heard the first" or "hear a lot of Ananda". Ananda's statue, revealing a cultured aristocratic temperament, calm and quiet, in the top ten disciples, he is always bright young, beautiful and lovely image.
36. In the Buddhist scriptures, after Sakyamuni "flicked the flower" and Kasyapa "smiled", his life's work was completed, and then he walked to the Bodhi tree to enter Nirvana. The artisan portrays this sense of liberation with a smile of realization of life and death, portraying the inner clarity and purity of the mind.
37. The creation of art also requires an epiphany.
38. Hinayana Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism have different understandings. The Hinayana Buddhist view of Nirvana is that it is "the ashes of the body, the extinction of the mind, the donation of the form, the extinction of the mind," which is essentially a glorification of death. In Mahayana Buddhism, the Buddha's body is characterized by the four characteristics of true eternity, bliss, selfhood, and purity, which are called the "four virtues of Nirvana" once Nirvana has been attained.
39. The strength of the mind lies in its correctness, in its steadfastness.
40. The prominent portrayal of the Chinese emperor in the Vimalakirti Sutra Variations vividly reflects the flexible adaptability of Buddhist thought. Buddhism has adopted an extremely ingenious approach in its propagation, that is, the emperor is regarded as the reincarnation of the Buddha, so that a sramana giving prostrations to the emperor is tantamount to giving prostrations to the Buddha, which is neither contrary to the Buddhist law nor to the worldly law.
41. When copying is at its most sublime, it is as if one is conversing with an artisan of hundreds of years ago. I'm not only imitating the external picture, but I also seem to be entering into the mind of the artist, the habit of using the brush, and the wonderful idea of handling, and I can even feel the sound of his breathing and the rhythm of his heartbeat. The so-called "the brush is like a god", is also such a realization.
42. I know that the Mogao Grottoes will be slowly aging, which is an irreversible law of nature. Any material in nature to a certain time will be transformed into another form, Mogao Grottoes "disappearance" is ultimately unstoppable. But we can not just let it die, but to find ways to do some rescue and remedies, as far as possible to slow down its aging, extend its life.
43. They started by blowing off the sand and dust on the frescoes, centimeter by centimeter, every day, blowing to the waist and back pain, dizziness. Then came the pasting of the frescoes, also centimeter by centimeter, each place injected three times, pasted three times. Finally, the workers can not stand this crime, Mr. Li Yunhe is still gritting his teeth.
44. In addition, Mr. Li Yunhe also presided over the restoration of the mural paintings in the Great Hall of Tal Temple in Qinghai using the same method.
45. Completely different from the fast pace of life and work in the Internet age, the conservation of Dunhuang has always been pushed forward, inch by inch, to save the murals, which have gradually become blurred in time, from an irreversible fate, inch by inch. But I think that perhaps without this slow pace, the whole era will become superficial.
46. With the help of advanced digital technology, we created the 4K ultra-high-definition widescreen themed movie "Millennium Mogao" and the world's first 8K high-resolution dome movie showing cultural heritage, "Dream Buddha Palace".
47. We are all passers-by in history. When we people are gone, Mogao Grottoes will still be there.
48. In all matters of human morality and culture, we need to make value judgments based on the overall interests of mankind rather than personal gains and losses and momentary interests. The conscience of scholars is rooted in cultural responsibility. In any case, if the destruction of the Mogao Grottoes is due to personal dereliction of duty, then he is the sinner of history.
49. research, all decisions should be based on factual research.
50. Having talent means having competitiveness. The whole world, the last thing is talent. Anyone who lacks talent, anyone who lacks money, but the first thing is talent. So I think that the world's affairs, one is a matter of people, one is a matter of money, but in the end, people are more important than money.
51. Mogao Grottoes protection in the long run, the first to abide by scientific management, so that the protection of the legal system, standardized track. Secondly, the use of science and technology to strengthen the protection of the Dunhuang Grottoes, such a precious world cultural heritage, with a good instrument to protect it is not too much. In addition is to strengthen international cooperation, so that the Dunhuang Grottoes protection management and international standards.
52. Protection first, rescue first, rational use, strengthen management", this four-point summary is very clear, there is a suitable management, in order to solve the problem of protection and opening of the heritage site.
53. Dunhuang Studies is a discipline with "exceptionally wide and rich content", and its research objects mainly include two major aspects of Dunhuang grottoes and Cangjing Cave Literature, which involves many philosophical and social sciences such as religion, art, history, archaeology, geography, economy, language and literature, ethnicity, folklore, etc., and belongs to the cross-discipline, which also contains "cross-discipline", which also includes "cross-discipline". Cross-disciplinary, which also contains "extinct", cold disciplines in the field.
54. The study and promotion of Dunhuang culture should not only y excavate the philosophical thinking, humanistic spirit, values, and moral norms contained in Dunhuang culture and historical remains, but also reveal the cultural spirit of the Chinese people, cultural bosom, and constantly strengthen cultural confidence.
55. The Dunhuang Academy should go out and bring in, show the achievements of China's Dunhuang science, and grasp the right to speak of international Dunhuang science; to do a good job of the digital return of the scattered cultural relics of Dunhuang, and to do a good job of Dunhuang culture and art of the digital **** enjoyment, tell the story of Dunhuang, and spread the voice of China; to the Dunhuang Academy has been built into a model for the protection of China's cultural heritage heritage heritage heritage, and also built into a highland of the international Dunhuang science.
56. Dunhuang Research Institute planned four goals, namely, to build a world-class mural protection center, world-class research center, world-class display center and world-class data center.
57. Dunhuang Grottoes is the general name for the grotto groups of Mogao Grottoes, West Thousand Buddha Caves, Yulin Grottoes of Guazhou County, East Thousand Buddha Caves, Shuixiakou Lower Cave Grottoes, Five Temple Grottoes of Subei County, and One Temple Grottoes at the western end of Gansu Province.
58. History is fragile, because she is written on paper and painted on the wall; history is strong, because there is always a group of people willing to guard the truth of history, hoping that she will never wear out.
59. Every person who can leave a life of luxury to come to the Mogao Grottoes, all with valuable faith, but also overcame the temptations and desires of the worldly sense.
60. There are three paths for young people to follow, one is the yellow path, one is the white path, and one is the black path. The yellow way is to be an official, the white way is to be rich, and the black way is to be learned and to grope your way through the darkness.
61. Only with the spirit can there be the possibility of creating the material world.
62. The history of mankind is so long, the universe is so limited, and man is only an instant of the universe.
63. Aging and death are natural laws. In fact, what really makes people feel sad is that there are many regrets in life that can not be remedied, and what really makes people feel afraid is that they do not know where the heart goes. Death will make us inevitably say goodbye to those valuable things in life, so that we put down those interesting and meaningful cause, so that we never have the opportunity to start again, all you like, do not like, stay or abandon all will be gone.
64. In the face of death, only those who are certain that they have found and received the most valuable thing in life will have such composure and courage. As Wang Yangming was dying, when his students asked him what other wishes he had, he left behind eight words, "This heart is bright, what more can be said?"