The Yi people are one of the 56 ethnic groups in China with a large population and wide distribution. The marriage customs of the Yi people take many forms and are unique. Here is to appreciate the Yi marriage customs in the end is how.
?What are the Yi marriage customs
Panxian Yi marriage customs
When you get married, the male side of the Yi language is called ? The first is to be a good example of this. The first is to make sure that you have a good understanding of what you are doing and what you are doing. The first is to be a member of the family, and the second is to be a member of the family. The man's family to organize two? Tso said? (the groom's brother-in-law or cousin), a groom's brother or nephew (for the bride to pull the horse), the rest of the number of young people as a companion, carrying gifts, wine, meat, rice (no limit to the number of), the bride's clothing and offerings to the ancestors. Before the start, the horse puller pulled the horse to the house, the groom with a tray of food to feed the horse around the fire three times and then go out, go out after the groom himself on the horse out of the ride, the horse handed over to the marriage team will be turned back (the groom will not go to meet the bride).
Almost to the door of the woman's home, the girl companion (Amou Tso) they stand on both sides, with clean pots of water, take the green bamboo leaves to spread the water to the members of the marriage, said for the wind and dust (said low). Two? Tso said? Into the doorway, the bride with her own dowry new pots of water splashed out face to face, meaning you enter the door when I am splashing out the water. The measures to say? After entering the door must first give their ancestors kowtow three heads, during which no one is allowed to tease, otherwise it is disrespectful to the ancestors, then, put a good line of travel give seat, listen to the arrangements of the officiating person.
After the meal, arranged by the master of ceremonies, the elders gathered in the hall seated,? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a bottle of wine. The wine that was brought to the house, the wine that was brought to the house, the wine that was brought to the house. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products in the world. To the elders, at the same time, according to the bride to the elders of the name, one by one, introduced by the Ramah this person to each elder kowtow to show respect, just at this time, the bride and the girls outside the house companions have been outside the singing of the wine song? Tso said put to death? Its content is to tell their own labor farming and weaving, will be leaving the home, the family reluctant to part with their feelings. The girls' companions would also curse? Tsochu? , meaning that we grew up together, deep love, today you are going to separate us, how cruel, to express a variety of different feelings about it. Then comfort the bride, bless the future days will be better, happier, at the same time *** with dancing, singing, singing and entertainment to the late night.
The next day, according to the set hour, please genus match, life margin, good fortune, the old man for the bride to dress and prepare for departure, the companion by the officiating person to arrange. The groom's father in front of the ancestor's spiritual seat lighted lamps and candles, offer wine, rice, vegetables, etc., and then arrange for guests to eat, and then arranged to send off the guests. When the bride went out, kowtow in front of the ancestors, to the ancestors to pay their respects, and then to the elders present to bid farewell and salute, carried by his brother out the door to the door to help on the horse, walked up a ride, handed over to the bride's support (two?), the bride's father, the bride's father, the bride's father, the bride's father, the bride's father. What do you think? Already in the groom out of the door in front of the hall kowtow goodbye to the road to wait).
The bride's organized marriage procession also escorted the bride's uncle a? Oni? The bride's uncle is the bride's uncle, a big father or uncle a? Ogwu? , brother or sister a ? Au? An aunt? Auntie? And a maid of honor? Amutso? (the aunt must ride a horse). When they arrive at the man's house, the host and the Pimo are invited to the ceremony. Bima? Arrangements, in front of the village retreat God of Joy? Color Lou? , aware of the road is the evil spirit of the evil back, the specific method is to use two branches of the bamboo to pull a good door, hanging some barbed wire, different colors of cloth, burning some incense and paper, laying on the wine, with a small chicken or an egg, the Bimo? Bimo? Read some incantations to retreat, the green bamboo door only allow the bride people, horses drilled through, the rest of the people around the road.
Enter the door: line to the door, ? The word "bride" is used to describe the bride's body. One of the bride from the horse held down on the back of another person to help enter the door. The first step across the door, be sure to put at the foot of the door of a bowl, a wooden spoon trampled, the intention is to put the bowl, spoon trampled, the bride will slowly forget the thoughts of home, focus on the establishment of this new family, back into the bridal chamber, and then by the bridesmaids (groom's aunt, uncle or uncle, aunts as) to help to the house to look for a fruit tree or the foot of the evergreen to worship the heavens and the earth, lifting the top of the Pa. Specific practices: at the foot of the tree to place a table, light candles and incense lamps, set up the bride's family ready to bring half of the pig's head and wine, the bride knelt facing the East, ? Bimo? Read the words, and then use the weighing hook to lift the lid on the top of the head, which means that after worshiping heaven and earth, a pair of newcomers to cooperate with the sun and the moon, such as the earth and the sky. After doing so, the bridesmaids took the bride back to the hall and the groom accompanied by the best man to worship the ancestors, the bride and groom to all the elders one by one, sent to the bridal chamber. The end of etiquette, the officiating person will arrange to open the table.
Back to the door: live for two nights, to the third day in the morning, the master of the parents and the elders invited to sit down in the hall, the bride will have long been done shoes sent to the elders, one is to show their ability to sewing, the second is to give the elders of the gift, while the elders also return some money as a gift, to give the blessing. After eating breakfast, send the bride's team to return, the groom's family to give a large piece of pork (must be half of the first half of the pig, the head even with the front feet), which is meant to be hospitality and thanks for this wedding try to help the neighbors of the village, the bridegroom and send relatives to go together. The next day, the bride's parents (one of them) personally send their daughter and the groom back together, live for a few days, the daughter entrusted to the family went back, the entire wedding program all over, the couple began his (her) new life.
Yi Wedding Customs
The Yi people are very particular about etiquette and manners, especially when it comes to marriage. Therefore, on the first day of the wedding ceremony, the man should ask someone to send a certain amount of food to the woman's home, or in advance if the distance is far. On the second day, relatives, friends and neighbors go to the house of the man and the woman to help clean the courtyard, lay pine wool and prepare food and utensils for the banquet. Yi mass wedding to be held for three days, the first day, the groom in the drummers and tuba masters playing wedding music, held to dedicate heaven and earth, honor the ancestors, worship parents, worship aunts and uncles and relatives of the ceremony, and in the ceremony held to worship the groom to give friends and relatives of the fruits, food, friends and relatives back to the silver and gold jewelry, money, clothes and other things, to show congratulations. The next day, that is, to meet the bride, the groom to the female family to marry the bride, according to the distance to determine the round trip time.
Before departure, the ceremony of dedication of ancestors, and then prepare six horses, in the drums and horns to welcome the bride. After arriving at the bride's home, under the guidance of a senior, the dresses brought by the bride's family are placed in front of the ancestral hall, and then the ah closed to recite the scriptures, and he leads the groom to honor heaven and earth, dedicate the ancestors, and worship the parents. Then by the female parents to the groom's right hand tied with a red silk ribbon, and then hosted a banquet to welcome the people, after the matrimonial dispersal of the groom led by the matchmaker to bow to the female uncle, uncle, and other elders, pack the dowry, they will pick up the bride. At this time the bride's face covered with red silk, chest mirror, backed by the brother went out on the horse, and then they will sound firecrackers to send off the team to meet the bride to return. In some places, the Yi ethnic group because of the long journey to meet the bride, marrying people will be the male party for the female party to prepare the clothing and utensils back to the woman's home, to the evening of the woman's parents to ask the singer to sing? Marriage song? or? Sending Song? Singing to the same out of the same, if the singer sang wrong, marrying people to take things out of the staggering singer playful, the things do not give the bride and groom, but smiled into their own bags, back to marrying people get. And the singer sang the right thing to get married people can not come out, he was the same by the singer's playfulness, with a dustpan in the head of the married people hit three times, in this song in the sound of the handover, due to the singing and take the error, led to laughter, full of celebratory atmosphere.
Welcome to the wedding party just entered the village, the male family has long been in front of the welcome. Oil A closed or elders read? Two colorful clouds combined, the bride and groom from the horse? The retreat of the happy words and phrases, some places also invite singers to sing? Welcome song? After the bride and groom enter the door to worship heaven, earth, God, the bride and groom scrambled into the house to open the door, it is said that who first opened the door, who will be home. Then, in the cave room, but also to dedicate the ancestral worship bed, drink a cup of sweet tea with honey, and to both parents to dedicate sugar or tea.
Yi wedding banquet, in addition to pork, mutton and other food processing of vegetables and rice, in the Nanjian region of Yi mass wedding guests there is a unique dish, the local people called? Jumping vegetables. The local people call it "jumping vegetables". Jumping vegetables? is when people sit together in eight seats, in a? serving dishes? In the sound, with the trumpet, blowing na, gongs and drums sound, see a pair of pairs of food people, some holding a tray full of dishes, some full of dishes on the head of the tray shall, from the kitchen step by step in a joyful dance to honor the dishes. On someone from time to time to change the dance, some with the top of the head, some unarmed end of a dozen large bowls of tea, some with the arm to lift, footsteps, dance while honoring the Lai rice, dishes drip drip drip drip drip, so that the people marveled at, all admire this acrobatics and dance in one of the ? Jumping Lei? Banquet guests, men and women of both sexes, family and friends according to seniority sit down to dinner, the bride and groom and bridegroom, cousins sit on a seat, the seat of the Lei with a red string, the bride and groom must be prepared to knife with scissors to use, or else everywhere difficult to make people laugh and joke. In the evening, to be held in the room to celebrate. In the Weishan Yi Hui Autonomous County, Dongshanzhai Yi people, the wedding night by the custom of the hooters haunted the new room, that is, by the three male youths, a person pretending to be five, a young woman; a person pretending to be an unmarried girl, make fun of each other to say haunted, and then that is by the Lusheng Dun Road, with young men and women together with friends and relatives to play songs to the all-night. Therefore, on the wedding night, the bride slept with her companion. On the third day, the bride pays her guests, first sending them face-washing water and sweets, and then thanking the accompanying groom, the accompanying mother, and the friends and relatives who helped her, as well as the singers, and presenting them with gifts and sweets. After breakfast, both of them go back to the door, and return to the door on the same day. If the road is far, it is around the room, can spend the night in the mother's home, three days after the couple can be the same room. Some places after marriage, the bride does not fall husband's home, to be the bride has? Hi? After the male request, the male side of many times, only to fall husband's home to start married life.
Unique Nanjian Yi marriage customs
marriage proposal When the male in a woman (including men and women secretly good), the male that is to ask the matchmaker to the female home open marriage proposal. Generally need to go three times, the first time to go to the female parent is mainly to show the proposal, and to ask for the woman's zodiac sign (commonly known as?). Bazi?) The first visit is to indicate the proposal to the woman's parents and to ask for the zodiac sign (commonly known as the "eight characters") of the woman being proposed to. Marriage? The second time to go is to advise the spouse of this? The second visit is to inform the couple of their marriage. The second visit is to inform the couple of their marriage and ask the woman's family to give them fulfillment; the third visit is mainly to discuss the marriage of the couple. The third visit is mainly to discuss the betrothal. The third visit is mainly to discuss the matter of betrothal. Each time the man goes to the woman's home to ask for marriage, worship proposal must be with a gift (usually with wine, sugar, noodles, tea and other four-color gift, and each piece are required for the double). In the marriage proposal, whether the woman agreed to the marriage, often with certain hints: such as the first time to go after the woman with eggs and pickles soup to entertain the man and will return all the gifts, that is to say, there is no hope for this marriage; such as the second time to go after the woman to entertain the South with green vegetable soup and return half of the gifts (or nearly half of the gifts), the marriage has been basically promised.
Wine Dedication The wine dedication in the Yi marriage customs is very solemn. On the day of the wine offering, the man must go to the woman's home to worship the woman's ancestors; the woman invites the elders and important relatives to her home for a banquet. The man in front of the ancestor shrine in the woman's home in the woman's parents under the leadership of the woman's family relatives in the elders according to the woman's name one by one to pay homage. After the wine is offered, it is made public that the marriage has been finalized, and the woman's parents openly recognize the man who is proposing marriage as their son-in-law. son-in-law. The intention is to perform this ceremony, the marriage has been finalized, the parties shall no longer have other ideas, others are not allowed to intervene.
Communication is mainly to inform the woman of the date of marriage and give the woman a certain amount of money for the bride price to prepare for the wedding.
bridegroom must prepare horses for the groom, the bride to ride and transportation of the dowry (nowadays most have been changed to vehicles). Welcome the bridegroom before the departure of the team must worship? The bridegroom must worship the bride's dowry before the departure of the procession. (All Nanjian Yi households offer a pine branch with three branches as a symbol of? Mi play? God, according to the ancient book? According to the ancient books, "Mi opera" is a symbol of the ancient gods. It is mostly written as? According to the ancient books, Mi opera is mostly written as "虙 striped wild cat". According to the ancient book, it is written as "striped wild cat", and according to the interpretation, it is "striped wild cat". According to the interpretation, the word "Mi opera" is written as "striped striped cat". Both characters have the character of "虍" (虍) 虍? Therefore, it is commonly known as "虍" (虍). Mi opera? is actually the Yi ethnic group. Tiger A form of tiger totem, the marriage custom is regarded as a form of tiger totem, and it is a form of tiger totem. Mi play for? The god of marriage protection). The wedding customs regarded the Mi opera as the god of marriage protection). When welcoming relatives, you must play flags, gongs, trumpets, suona, welcoming relatives on the way back and forth must be guided by drummers. When welcoming the bride, both men and women to welcome the bride to send the bride team are arranged in singular, together as a pair of pairs. Bride arrived at the door of the male family, to hold a "retreat from the God of joy" of the ceremony, that is, in front of the gate set a high table, on which to put a large tray, the tray contains a pig's head, a pig's tail and a number of pastries, grains, salt, tea and so on, and then put a full of grain liters or buckets, and then put on the small scales, red blankets and so on things, by? A closed? Chanting some prayers and leading the bride and groom, face the table to kowtow three times (the first kowtow 3, the second kowtow 6, the third kowtow 3). Then, the bride and groom can enter the door. In the evening, most of the groom's home in the yard, "playing songs" activities, singers from all directions and guests to sing, all night long, to express congratulations on the wedding.
Wedding Banquet Nanjian Yi wedding banquets, often to? Jumping vegetables? help. Yi family members to do happy events, the table to meet the kitchen on both sides of the open, leaving the road in the middle, the guests sit around the three-way. Jumping vegetables? Start, only to hear a number of gongs, tuba, suona chirping, presided over the office of? An order, the two jumping dish masters from the kitchen one after another, they head tray, mouth with rice spoon, spoon in the three to five hands also supported the tray, tray full of dishes bowl, in the high and low, suddenly urgent and slow music, a front and a back, stepped on the music, slowly into the scene, the dishes placed on the table. The arrangement of plates and dishes also has strong ethnic characteristics. On the night of the wedding, they are arranged in a circle, and the next morning they are arranged in the shape of plum blossoms. During the wedding banquet, the drummer is not allowed to sit with the guests and must eat alone.
Worship Worship ceremony is held on the morning of the second day of the wedding. That is, by ? presided over, in front of the main room ancestor God case, accompanied by drummers playing the joyful music. The bride and groom, both to the male family elders and the main relatives of the ceremony to recognize relatives, kneeling, the bride and groom, the bride must be worshipped to the recipient of a double cup of wine and a gift of sweets, the recipient must also give the bride and groom to gift a certain amount of money to the kowtow.
Returning to the door? The return of the door? must choose the nearest double day. The bride and groom return to the bride's home with gifts of candy, wine and other gifts with the bridegroom. And then worship parents and relatives of this family members. After dinner, the bride and groom to return to the man's home before the day falls.