Guangdong Han opera, formerly known as the "chaotic bomb", "outside the river play", "Xingmei Han opera", one of the Han Hakka opera in Guangdong Province, in 1933, Tai Po County, Guangdong, Qian Zhe Reserve wrote "Han opera outline" and named it "Han opera", which has been agreed upon since then. In 1933, the people of Tai Po County, Guangdong Province, Qian hot storage of the "Han opera outline", named Han opera, and from then on, as customary, along the name to date.
Popular in Guangdong Meizhou area, Huizhou area, Shaoguan area, Fujian, Guangdong and Gan border areas. Guangdong Han Opera is one of the three major types of opera in Guangdong, and was praised by Premier Zhou as the "Peony of the South".
Guangdong Han Opera actually comes from the Hui Opera after the merger of leather and spring, and the western Fujian Han Opera is a kind of opera sung in the Zhongzhou official language with the Xipi Erhuang as the main voice. Between the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty, Anhui Opera was introduced to Guangdong.
The performance program of Guangdong Han Opera is similar to that of Peking Opera, Xiang Opera, Qi Opera, Hubei Han Opera, etc., but it has its own characteristics and style. Its martial arts belong to the southern school, and there are more than a hundred kinds of faces, mainly in black, red and white, with black symbolizing rigidity and courage, red symbolizing loyalty and virtue, and white and cyan symbolizing insidiousness and treachery.
The music of Guangdong Han Opera is mainly based on Pihuang, with Kunqu, Gaoqiang, Blowing and Xiaojiao, etc., and preserves a lot of old tunes. Simple and simple, high and tragic, is the inherent style characteristics of Guangdong Han Opera music singing.
Its roles are divided into nine lines: male foot, old man, young man, old Dan, Zheng Dan, Hua Dan, red net, Wu Jing, ugly foot. Its accompanying instruments are also quite distinctive, with the head string, the big Su gong and the bugle head being the unique accompanying instruments of Guangdong Han opera.
The traditional repertoire of Guangdong Han Opera has more than 800 plays. Some of the more famous ones are "Thousand Li Xi Recognizes His Wife", "The King of Qi Seeks a General", and the modern drama "A Bag of Wheat Seeds".
On June 7, 2008, Guangdong Han Opera was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. .
2. What are the Trivia of Opera
Opera refers to traditional Chinese drama.
The connotation of opera includes singing, reading and playing, synthesizing dialogue, music, singing, dance, martial arts and acrobatics and other forms of performance, unlike the West will be opera, dance drama, drama. Opera opera (traditional opera) China's five major opera plays are: Peking Opera, Yueju Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera, Yu Opera.
China's various ethnic regions of the opera, there are about three hundred and sixty kinds of opera, traditional repertoire tens of thousands. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there are many adapted traditional dramas, new historical dramas and modern dramas that express the themes of modern life, all of which are warmly welcomed by the audience.
The more popular and famous types of opera are: Qinqiang, Beijing Opera, Yueju Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera, Yu Opera, Kunqu Opera, Cantonese Opera, Sichuan Opera, Huaiju Opera, Jin Opera, Han Opera, Xiang Opera, Chiu Chow Opera, Min Opera, Qiqu Opera, Putuxian Opera, Hebei Opera, Hunan Flower Drums, Lv Opera, Flower Drum Opera, Huizhou Opera, Shanghai Opera, Shao Opera and other sixty types of operas. Opera is one of the traditional arts of the Han people, a wide range of interesting, performing forms of singing and dancing, talking and singing, literary and martial arts, set of "singing, doing, reading, playing" in one, unique in the history of the world's theaters, its main features, to set the Han classical opera art of the Peking Opera, for example, one is a man dressed as a woman, a woman dressed as a man; the second is divided into four lines of the Sheng, Dan, Pure and Ugly; the third is divided into four lines of the Sheng, Dan, Pure and Ugly; the third is divided into four lines of the Sheng, Dan, Pure and Ugly, The main features of Peking Opera, for example, are: firstly, male disguised as female, female disguised as male; secondly, the division of the four major trades of Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou; thirdly, the exaggerated art of disguise - face painting; fourthly, the "line of work" (i.e., opera costumes and props) have a basically fixed style and specifications; and fifthly, the use of the "program" for the performances.
The national opera of the Han people, from the pre-Qin "haiku", the Han Dynasty "Baihong", the Tang Dynasty "military play", the Song Dynasty miscellaneous plays, the Southern Song Dynasty southern opera, Yuan Dynasty miscellaneous plays, until the Qing Dynasty unprecedented prosperity of local opera and the formation of Beijing opera, opera has always been rooted in the Han folklore. has always been rooted in the Han folklore and enjoyed by the people. Watching theater is still one of the main entertainment activities of the Han people.
Generally speaking, people in the north like to watch Beijing Opera, and people in the south like to watch Yueju Opera, and all kinds of local operas have their own audience. People who are far away from their hometowns even listen to and watch national opera as a manifestation of nostalgia for their hometowns.
3. Drama Trivia
Introduction Drama (drama) [drama; play] in the old days refers to the opera, and later used as a general term for opera, drama, opera, dance, poetry and drama.
Greek drama Drama, a general term for the art of stage performance in which narrative purposes are achieved in the form of speech, movement, dance, music, and puppetry. The literary concept of drama refers to a script, or play, written for dramatic performance.
Drama is performed in a variety of forms, commonly including drama, opera, dance, musicals, puppet shows and so on. Specific Meaning A type of comprehensive art.
There are two meanings: the narrow sense refers exclusively to the ancient Greek tragedy and comedy as a start, first developed in European countries and then widely popular in the world of stage performance forms, the English for drama, China called drama. Broadly speaking, it also includes the traditional stage performance forms of some Eastern countries and nations, such as Chinese opera, Japanese kabuki, Indian classical drama, Korean opera, etc.
The essence of drama is that it is a form of performance that is widely popular in the world, first developed in European countries and then widely popular in the world.
The essence of drama In the 4th century BC, Aristotle has expressed his understanding of the nature of drama in the Poetics. He argued that all art is imitation, and theater is the imitation of human action .
2 centuries later, India's first theoretical work on theater, "Dance" also specified: "Drama is imitation." After the 19th century, the nature of the drama of the seminar appeared a diversity of opinions on the situation, the main audience said, conflict said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, said, and so on.
Audience: The audience is the necessary condition of the theater, and the essence of the theater. French theater theorist F.
Sassay is a representative of this concept, he asserted : no matter what kind of theater works, are for the audience. "Without an audience, there is no theater", and thus all the organs of the theater must be adapted to the appreciation of the audience.
Conflict: the French theater theorist Brennenbühl as a representative, the end of the 19th century, Brennenbühl pointed out that: the stage is a place for the play of human conscious will, the play of the character's conscious will will encounter obstacles to the main body in order to overcome the obstacles to the struggle, which constitutes a "clash of wills", and the essence of the drama lies in this. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal on your own.
The American theater theorist J.H.
Lawson, on the other hand, categorized the nature of the drama as a "social conflict in which the conscious will plays a role". He argued that since drama deals with social relations, and the conscious will of man must be governed by social necessity, the true dramatic conflict must be a social conflict.
This idea can be expressed in one sentence: "There is no drama without conflict. He compared the novel with the drama, arguing that the novel is the art of "gradual change", while the drama is the art of "radical change" (crisis, also translated as crisis), and that the drama deals with a radical change in human destiny and the environment, which is the essence of the drama. Situation, laboratory said: as early as the 18th century, the French philosopher D.
Diderot had "situation" as the basis of the work of the theater. Hegel, when talking about the characteristics of the drama, has also linked the "situation" and "conflict", and emphasized the ontological significance of the situation.
Existentialist philosopher and playwright J.-P.
Sartre called his plays "situation plays", and described the object of drama as the behavior of human choices in a situation.B.
Brecht, on the other hand, regarded the drama as a kind of scientific method, and argued that: the theater is a laboratory for testing the behavior of human beings in a particular situation. laboratory of behavior in a given situation. This notion also defines the nature of theater from a particular perspective.
The origin of the theater, a song and dance, which can be analyzed into two kinds: (1) court music and dance, the Qing dynasty Nalan Seide "Bryant Pavilion Miscellany" cloud: "Liang when the music of the big clouds, made an old man play the story of the changes in the Western region of the gods and goddesses, the Yu Ling really began here." Liu Shipei in the "original play" in accordance with the ancient music and dance more makeup characters of the fact that "opera, derived from the ancient music and dance also ...... is solid with the latter part of the opera is also close to.
"Permanent Man in the country in the original music and dance and theater", a more systematic examination of the original music and dance theater factors that "primitive society in the simple music and dance, is later made into a perfect drama of the precursor". Zhou Yibai's "Chinese theater history" will be the earliest source of Chinese drama to "Zhou Qin music and dance".
(2) Ancient song and dance, Zhang Geng, Guo Hancheng, edited by the General History of Chinese Opera, the first sentence of the opening of the cloud: "The origin of Chinese opera can be traced back to the primitive era of song and dance. "We know that all art originates from labor, Chinese song and dance is no exception.
The Book of Books. Shun Dian" said: "I hit the stone attached to the stone, the rate of the hundred beasts dance."
The so-called rate of the hundred beasts dance, not like the later Confucian mystification, that is, in the saints of the world, even the hundred beasts have come to worship and dance, this dance is to use the stone to hit or hit the stone with the hand to hit the section of the Qin, and even the drums did not have, can be seen to be very primitive. Later, there was a drum, the so-called "drum of the dance," which is further.
This dance may be a primitive religious ceremony before going out to hunt, or it may be a celebration ceremony after coming back from hunting, "Lv's Spring and Autumn. Ancient Music" says: "Emperor Yao was established, was ordered to quality for music, quality is like the sound of the mountains, forests, streams and valleys in order to sing, is a violent leather to put the percussion and drums, is patting the stone and striking the stone to be like the sound of God's jade chime, so as to dance the hundred beasts.
"This is a legend about ancient music and dance in the Warring States period. Through this description of the song and dance can be seen a primitive hunter hunting in the mountains and forests of the scene: "one side of the whistling, the other side of the beat, all kinds of pottery, stone tools sound to terrorize the beasts, so the beasts on the wolf run like a beast and finally fell into the net, the primitive age of the artist "quality" (in fact, not a person, but all the people at that time). This primitive age artist "quality" (actually not a person, but all the people at that time) is according to the actual life to create the hunting dance, then the so-called "hundred beasts" is actually a person wearing the animal skin and "dance" scene, but for the hunting life of the pleasant and exciting memories.
Of course, at this time, the scene is already artistic, music, dance are already rhythmic, this dance with a strong ritual, it is the clan's protective god or ancestor prayers, in order to go out to hunt a good harvest, or hunting back to thank the gods and goddesses and held. But no matter what ceremony it is, and no matter how thickly it is clothed in primitive religion, its actual significance is a kind of drill and exercise for labor, which not only exercises the proficiency of the hunters, but also cultivates the young hunters, the Book of Books.
Shun Dian" in the order of Kui "can music teach the children" record.
4. Hakka customs in the Meizhou region, urgent
The Hakka people are hospitable, especially in Meizhou, the Hakka capital of the world! Hakka Tradition
The Hakka people, as the descendants of the ancient Central Plains people, have inherited the excellent cultural traditions of the Chinese nation, which can be centrally summarized as hard work, hospitality, respect for teachers, patriotism and love of countryside. The Hakka people migrated from the Central Plains to the Fujian, Guangdong and Gan areas, and because the plains had been occupied by the aborigines, they could generally only settle in the barren mountainous areas, thus living a hard life and having to struggle. The Hakka people's pioneering spirit and ability to build up from scratch are also very prominent. Especially the Hakka women, known as hard-working and virtuous, agricultural work and housework are excellent, the family concept is particularly strong, there is the "Iron Man"; early Hakka as immigrants, living in sparsely populated, backward and remote mountainous areas, the psychological need for interpersonal interaction and unity and mutual *** with the sense of overcoming the difficulties is also particularly strong, although life is hard, but has developed a warm and hospitable spirit, the ability to start from scratch is also very prominent. But has developed a cultural tradition of hospitality; Hakka ancestors from the Central Plains "clothes south", most of them are born in the "family of books", so the cultural quality is high, has always attached importance to the tradition of cultural education. Among them, Meizhou is the most prominent performance, known as the "hometown of culture".
Guangdong Han Opera
Guangdong Han Opera was formerly known as "Waijiang Opera" and "Xingmei Han Opera", and was renamed Han Opera in 1933. It is popular in Meixian and Shantou in Guangdong, as well as in the northeast of Guangdong and the border areas of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi. It was formed in the period between Yongzheng and Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty when Anhui Opera was introduced to Guangdong. The performance program of Guangdong Han Opera is similar to that of Peking Opera, Xiang Opera, Qi Opera and Hubei Han Opera, but it also has its own characteristics and style. Its martial arts belong to the southern school, and there are more than a hundred kinds of faces, mainly in black, red and white, with black symbolizing courage, red symbolizing loyalty and virtue, and white and green symbolizing insidiousness and treachery. The music and singing of Guangdong Han Opera is mainly based on Pihuang, with Kunqu, Gaoqiang, Blowing and Xiaojiao, etc., and preserves a lot of old tunes. The music and singing of Guangdong Han Opera is characterized by its simplicity and honesty, as well as its high and mournful voice. Its roles are divided into nine major lines, such as Gongfu, Lao Sheng, Xiaosheng, Lao Dan, Zhengdan, Hua Dan, Hongjing, Wujing, and Choufu. Its accompanying instruments are also quite distinctive, with the head string, the big Su gong and the bugle head being the unique accompanying instruments of Guangdong Han Opera. There are more than 800 traditional repertoires of Guangdong Han Opera. The more famous ones are "Thyme Xi Recognizes His Wife", "The King of Qi Seeks a General", and the modern drama "A Bag of Wheat Seeds".
Hakka dialect
Hakka dialect is a dialect centered on Meixian dialect. It is mainly distributed in the eastern and northern regions of Guangdong, with about twenty counties and cities in the province belonging to the Hakka dialect area. It is standardized on Meixian dialect, which is influential and has a clearer language. Hakka dialect is also a Chinese dialect formed during ethnic migration. Before the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Hakka ancestors originally lived in the Central Plains. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, various wars and natural disasters occurred in the Central Plains, and the Hakka ancestors had to move southward. Some of them moved to live in Hubei, Hunan and other places, and then by the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Ten Kingdoms of the chaos, and some of them further south migrated to live in Jiangxi, Fujian and other places. To the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Song and Yuan war, the world was in chaos, the Hakka ancestors and further moved into Guangdong, gradually into the eastern part of Guangdong. Song Dynasty account has the main household and customer points, points, later into the customer, so the name of the Hakka. In the process of migration, as they stayed in Hubei, Hunan for nearly four hundred years, they entered Guangdong in the Tang and Song Dynasties, so their dialects are closer to the two lakes dialects. Among the four dialects of Guangdong, it also appears to be the least different from Mandarin. The Hakka dialect has six tones, with Yin and Yang for the flat and incoming tones, and no distinction between the upper and lower tones, and retains six ancient rhyme endings. Its written and spoken languages are phonetically different. In addition, the Hakka ancestors originally used the northern dialect, and after living in Guangdong, they were influenced by different Cantonese dialects and geographical and historical environments, thus gradually disappearing the curly-voiced tongue.
The Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month is the first full moon of the lunar year, which symbolizes happiness and contentment. The majority of overseas Chinese people to welcome the God race. The big gongs and drums, dancing golden lions, welcome lanterns, burning fireworks, in order to pray for a new year of smooth winds and rain, a good harvest, good luck. Puzhai Town, Fenshun County, on the night of the Lantern Festival, welcomes gongs and drums, and burns "smoke racks" and "fire dragons", which have long been famous and are known both at home and abroad. According to legend, Puzhai has a history of two to three hundred years of burning fire dragons. At first, it was made of sulfur, white nitrate, charcoal is not made of gunpowder, do rockets, sparks, plows, etc., after hundreds of years of continuous evolution, the smoke frame by the original five or seven frame development to today's thirteen frames, up to more than 10 meters; fire dragon by the original three or four sections of the development of today's eleven sections of the fire dragon, up to more than 30 meters long. And the use of sound and colorful fireworks, performances peculiar, thrilling and spectacular. In the square, the salute three loud, in the sound of gongs and drums, the dragon dance began, more than a hundred young men waving torches, bare shoulders and fly on the road to the stage, more than two dozen warriors holding up the five-meter dragon head, by the hydrangea to lead the way, nearly a hundred warriors hand-held "gold carp", "lobster", "Ao fish" roam the square. By the elders ignite the ignition cable, the dragon mouth spit out the gold beads to the fire dragon in all sections of the colorful sparks, rockets whistling in the air, colorful. Dragon dancers tumbling in the sea of fire, a spectacular scene. Now, the fire dragon of Puzai has taken off in Jieyang, Meixian, Shenzhen and other places. People's Daily, CCTV and other dozens of newspapers, magazines and radio stations have reported.
Finally I as a Meizhou people very honored to answer you this question, welcome to Meizhou!
5. Knowledge of opera
The minimum 0.27 yuan to open the library members, view the full content & gt; Original publisher: Li Fengqin Opera Trivia I. Introduction to the main types of opera 1. Kunqu Kunqu, also known as the "Kunqiang" "Kun Opera ", is an ancient type of opera.
It originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and began to flourish after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, when legendary plays were mostly sung in Kunqu. In addition to Southern Kunqu, which maintains the characteristics of early Kunqu, many branches have been formed in the country, such as Kunyi in the north, Xiangkun and Chuankun.
The style of Kunqu is clear and soft, delicate and lyrical, and the performance is full of songs and dances, and the program is rigorous, which is the representative of Chinese classical opera.2. High Cavity High Cavity is a general term for a kind of vocal system of opera.
It was originally known as "Yiyang Cavity" or "Eagle Cavity", because it originated in Yiyang, Jiangxi Province. It is characterized by simple performances, popular lyrics, high and exciting singing, a person singing and the crowd, and only using the golden drum to beat the rhythm, without orchestral accompaniment.
Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it began to spread from Jiangxi to all parts of the country, and formed different styles in different places, such as Sichuan Opera, Xiang Opera, Gan Opera and so on.3. Bangkok CavityBangkok Cavity is a general term for an opera vocal system.
It originated in Shanxi, Shaanxi junction of the "Shan-Shaanxi Opera", characterized by singing high and exciting, with wooden bang knuckles. Then, it developed to the east and south, forming different forms of bangkang in different regions, such as Shanxi Bangkang, Hebei Bangkang, Henan Bangkang, Shandong Bangkang, etc.
4.
4. Peking Opera Peking Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic cadences, "Xipi" and "Erhuang", which make up its musical material, and also sings a number of local tunes (such as willow cavity, blowing cavity, etc.). It also sings some small local tunes (such as liuziqiang and blowing) and kunqu tunes. It was formed in Beijing around 1840, and flourished in the 1930s and 1940s, when it was known as the "National Opera".
Nowadays, it is still a big opera with national influence. It is a representative of modern Chinese opera, with its comprehensive lineage, mature performances, and beautiful atmosphere.
7. Jin Opera 13. Sichuan Opera.