About the origin of Ewenki people, it is still an academic problem. According to the archaeological and anthropological research, it is said that the Ewenki originated from the high mountains around Lake Baikal. As early as 2000 B.C., that is, the copper and stone tools were used in the era, the ancestors of Ewenki people lived in the coastal area of Lake Baikal. From the similarity between the clothing of the inhabitants along the shore of Lake Baikal in the era of copper and stone tools and the apron style which is an accessory of the clothing of the Ewenki people, it can be confirmed that the Ewenki people and their culture originated from the area of Lake Baikal, so it is believed that the ancestors of the Ewenki people were originated from the high mountains around the Lake Rama (i.e., Lake Baikal). Another theory holds that. Ewenki originated from the area of Shilka River in the upper part of Heilongjiang River. The shaman of "Na Meita" clan narrated that the Ewenki people "started from the birthplace of Shileka River, followed the shadow behind the mountain of 'Xivohat' and passed through the Heilongjiang River, and the roots of our ancestors were in the Xianrenzhu (handful of Luozi). . In short, the ancestors of the Ewenki people are largely distributed around Lake Baikal and the area to the east, until the area north of the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River.
Ewenki ancestors, from the ancient Chinese history, the Northern Wei Dynasty (338 AD ~ 534 AD) in the Heilongjiang basin, "lost Wei", and Ewenki "walking hunting" tribes have a relationship. (Wei Shu) Volume 100: "Lost Wei country in the Bedji north of a thousand miles to Luo six thousand miles." (Sui book "volume 84 contained: room Wei divided into" south room Wei, north room Wei, bowl room Wei, deep end but room Wei, Daxuan room Wei "and so on five parts. Room Wei activities in the scope and direction, in the "Old Tang Book - Room Wei biography" in the record: "east to the Blackwater, west to Turkic, south to the Khitan, north to the sea." The sea mentioned here is Lake Baikal. "Lost Wei" or "Room Wei", including the Ewenki, Xibo, Mongolia and other ancestral components. Among the various parts of the Muwe, the three parts which are more closely related to the source of the Ewenki are "Northern Muwe", "Bao Muwe" and "Shenmu Dan Muwe". From the self-proclaimed name of Ewenki "people living in the forest", it means the same as "Room Wei". "Room Wei" that is "Shi Chou" 's sound turn, Mongolian "forest", "bushes "The area distributed by the North Room Wei and Bow Room Wei, i.e. east of Lake Baikal and south of the Waixingan Mountains, is the same as the area where the Ewenki tribe lived before the 16th and 17th centuries; the North Room Wei, the Bow Room Wei, and the "Bow" tribes have the same customs as those of the Ewenki tribe before. "hunting for a living, eating meat, clothing and skin", "use the skin to cover the house", people die in the wind after the funeral, "riding wood" in winter after the snow, the use of skis to chase wild animals and so on.
Traditional festivals include the Spring Festival, the Miqoru Festival and the Ovoo Festival. Ominaleng, Jiyaqi, Mitre Festival, Vulcan Festival are the traditional religious festivals of Ewenki. Later, influenced by Daur, Manchu, Han and other ethnic groups, they have introduced Qingming, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and other festivals. Ewenki Spring FestivalEwenki Spring Festival time is the same as the Han Chinese, Ewenki people call Spring Festival "Ane", is the traditional festival of Ewenki people, is one of the most important festivals, from the 23rd day of Lunar New Year every year, until the 15th day of the first lunar month of the second year.
In order to have a good Spring Festival, Ewenki families have to prepare enough meat, fish, wine and rice, noodles and other goods, rush to make new clothes, new shoes, new hats, clean the house inside and outside, post red couplets, New Year's paintings and hanging strips, in order to seek for a new year of food and clothing, family prosperity. On the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, the God of Fire was sent to heaven. After sunset on this day, each family started to sacrifice the God of Fire, burning a pile of fire in the pit of the stove, burning the statue of the God of Fire, and at the same time, burning a piece of sesame and a piece of meat oil, which would enable the God of Fire to ascend to heaven smoothly. On the evening of the 30th (New Year's Eve), a pile of fire was lit in front of the house, the whole family put on new clothes, burned incense and kneeled down to worship God and ancestor, first worshiped the god of the old man, and then worshiped the god of the ancestor, the Ewenki people called "Ao Zhuozhi", and all kinds of statues of the gods lined up for enshrinement, and the parents led by the burning of incense, making offerings, and kowtow. Then, the younger generation should pour wine to the elders and kowtow to them, and the elders also bless their elders. The shaman organizes a god-hopping party in his own home, using the spirits to bless everyone with peace and prosperity in the new year. After sacrificing to the gods and ancestors, the whole family sits together to eat New Year's Eve dinner, which is called "New Year's Eve, eat full, a year of food and drink will not be less". The New Year's Eve meal is based on hand-steamed meat, dumplings, yogurt porridge and milk tea. Most people stay up all night on New Year's Eve, which is called the New Year's Eve vigil, which is considered to be a good way to be refreshed and happy in the new year. Some young people dressed as a masked man, Ewenki people called "Deri Leida", also known as "Abaladie" (humpbacked), in the middle of the night to the family New Year's Eve to make fun.
Early in the morning on the first day of the first month, each yard pile of a snowdrift, a bundle of reeds with a bundle of Hada stood on the snowdrift, and then kowtow to the God of New Year's Eve, and then the families pay homage to each other. Every family first to worship the gods and ancestors, and then kneel down to worship the elders, each family should prepare a lot of gifts and food, in order to prepare for the New Year to come to pay homage to the person. After the door of the New Year worshipers, no matter how many or how few Ewenki people are to receive with meals, leaving the worshipers to eat, the rice must be newly made, can't eat the leftovers. This continues until the fifteenth day of the first month. During the festival, the traditional cultural activities are songs and dances. Starting from the first night of the New Year, people dance around the spring fire. Men, women and children hold hands in a circle, turning from left to right, with a simple, lively pace, often all night long. On the second and third day of the first month, Ewenki men held horseback riding, wrestling, tug-of-war and other sports competitions, women get together to play the game of catching Garaha.
On the fifteenth day of the first month, Ewenki people have to eat sacrifices to the gods of the "Amisong" rice, is made of rice or millet stewed with cream and sugar, the master with friends and relatives invited to eat, drink, while freely talking about friendship, *** enjoy the Spring Festival fun.
Ewenki Mianhei FestivalThe 16th day of the first month is Mianhei Festival, which is a traditional festival of Ewenki people. This day at sunrise, people in their palms coated with soybean oil mixed with the bottom of the ash, each other black face, however, between father and son, daughter-in-law and brother and sister-in-law can not be wiped between the black. When the younger generation wipes their elders, they must first kowtow and then wipe black. On this day, including the old man and the baby, all have to smear a little black on the face, in order to figure auspicious and eliminate disasters and evil spirits.
Ewenki OminalengOminaleng, Ewenki language, meaning April will be, is a traditional Ewenki festival, is a religious festival, held every year on the third day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar, lasted four to seven days.
Before the festival, the officiating shaman accompanied by assistants to each household to walk around. Each to a family should be according to the direction of the sun running around the felt room to walk around three times, while singing and knocking. The host brings a bowl of milk and sprinkles it on the accompanying person. The rest of the family is to sprinkle yogurt on them, until they enter the felt room around the fire hall three times to stand in the southwest corner until the housewife will be a bowl of milk splashed to the top of the felt room.
Secondly, the new shaman should go to the old shaman's house to learn to jump to the god for about a week, during which time they should kill a sheep offered by all the members of the ****, apply blood to the sacred tree, and all the people will share the meat of the sheep.
On the day of the festival, the whole clan of men, women and children carrying cattle, sheep, horse meat, as well as cloth, tea, sugar, hatha and other gifts, gathered in the old shaman's home in the main ceremony. A birch tree is erected in the courtyard and a willow tree is set up in the house, a hemp rope is tied between the two trees, and all kinds of colored cloth strips are hung on the branches and the rope as offerings to the gods. When the ceremony begins, the congregation surrounds the area between the two trees with strips of dog-skin rope. The officiating shaman and the accompanying shaman*** dance with the god, and the people sing and dance along with the songs and dances. Surrounding the dog skin rope if you need to lengthen, is a good sign of prosperity of the clan; if the rope used to shorten, it is an omen of epidemic plague. Appearance of bad omen, the shaman will have to slaughter animals to invoke the gods to go to disaster. The officiating shaman and his assistant in the jumping god, constantly praying to the gods for the clan to prosper and blessing.
After the ceremony, riding and wrestling and other sports and recreational activities.
Ewenki Mikolu FestivalThe Mikolu Festival, which is held on the 22nd day of the 5th lunar month every year, is a traditional festival of the Ewenki ethnic group once a year. Mainly popular in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Chenbaerhu Banner Morg River Basin. Miqoru is the translation of Ewenki language, meaning the celebration of harvest, which is the herdsmen statistics of the year increased the number of livestock means.
In order to celebrate the Miqoru Festival, a few days before the festival, Ewenki people began to organize the festival goods, some are busy slaughtering sheep, some rush to do dairy products, some go to the city to purchase tea, wine, dishes, some are specifically to invite friends and relatives to spend the festival together.
On the day of the festival, Ewenki people are wearing beautiful and colorful Ewenki national costumes, and friends and relatives together on horseback, drove the car to the festival site to participate in the celebration. First of all, the shaman burns incense and lights lamps, recites sutra and incantations, conducts large-scale sacrificial activities, prays to the gods, prays for the elimination of disasters, and blesses the peace of human beings and animals. Then, the horse lassoing competition is held, which is a kind of sports activity comparing with bravery, resourcefulness, riding skill and lassoing skill. Excellent riders from all directions, gathered in the competition field; the game began, only to hear a call, dozens of strong young riders cheered and jumped on the horse, like a projectile galloped out, waving in the hands of the lasso pole, fast chase sets of strong horse, who first set the strong horse, who will win. When the horse was set, some jumped on the back of the horse, some pulled the horse's tail, some hold the horse's ear, the horse fell to the ground in a flash, thus opening the prelude to the activities of cutting the horse's mane, cutting the horse's tail, cutting the ear mark, branding, and pulling out the bad teeth of the livestock.
This is the most important event of the festival. In order to do it smoothly and successfully, everyone must work together. On the day of the festival, Ewenki herdsmen got up very early, young and strong herdsmen from the grazing camp in the circle, according to the order of the household to put down the two-year-old horse, some people cut the mane, cut the tail tip, some cut the ear as a mark. The owner of the horse then brands the right side of the horse's hind leg. The cut mane and tail and the cut ear pieces are kept by the owner. When cutting the ears of a horse that is ready to be sacrificed to a sorcerer, the owner has to use a wooden bowl to hold a bowl of milk and sprinkle it from the middle of the horse's two ears all the way to the horse's tail. When the horse's work is done, the sheep are "cut" and their ears are trimmed. At this time, according to traditional custom, the elderly will give their daughters, nephews and nieces a ewe lamb each, in order to wish them prosperous livestock in the future, with more flocks. Every year, the Miqoru Festival takes place in a festive atmosphere filled with mutual help and solidarity.
When the above activities are over, everyone goes to the host family's yurt to have a banquet. According to the custom, the banquet is usually preceded by tea and then wine. When toasting, the host holds a wooden plate with two cups of wine on it, and starts from the chief, and toasts the guests in turn. After a round of toast, the master to help give the sheep "cut the potential" of the people to present the hatha, to express gratitude, while announcing to everyone the number of young animals that year. After hearing this, everyone congratulated the host and wished the livestock prosperity and more branding and "cutting" numbers for the coming year. When the banquet of this family was coming to an end, the master of another family invited all the people to his house to have a banquet. Ewenki people have a saying: "He who honors you, he will not hesitate to offer you sweet wine."
After night, in the endless vast prairie, Ewenki people lit bonfire and held a grand bonfire party. Ewenki young men and women to the bonfire as the center, surrounded by a circle, in the melodious piano accompaniment, singing loud and clear, bold, rich in grassland characteristics of the song, jumping up the rhythm, powerful action, dance step, beautiful dance, rich pastoral life interest of the Ewenki dance. When the girls danced with the bright melody, the decorations on the skirts dinged rhythmically and sounded interesting. The youths laughed and laughed until late at night.
All kinds of activities in the Miqoru Festival fully embodies the spirit of unity and love among the Ewenki herdsmen and the spirit of cooperation and mutual assistance, and also fully expresses the national characteristics of the Ewenki people who are bold in fighting, good at competing, good at horseback riding and shooting, and long at horse harnessing, which shows that this ethnic group is cheerful and bold and vigorous, full of vitality and masculine beauty.
Ewenki OvooOvoo is a traditional festival of Ewenki people in Hulunbeier League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is a grand religious festival. Ovoo, is a symbol of religious beliefs. Ewenke each clan has Ovoo, and the whole clan **** peer sacrifice Ovoo.
Ovoo will be once a year, generally in the lunar calendar four a June to choose an auspicious day. At this time, the earth back to spring, the wind and warmth, grasslands and grass, cattle and sheep fat, conditions are very good. When sacrificing Ovoo, we should slaughter cattle and sheep and other livestock as offerings. Ewenke people usually race horses first, and horse racing is mostly participated by young and middle-aged men. The thrilling action of the horse race often shows the high skill, and constantly get the cheers and applause from the surrounding ethnic groups. After the horse race, the lamas in front of the Ovoo incense burning lamps, chanting, worship. After that, then wrestling, song and dance activities.
Ewenki people believe that sacrificing Ovoo is sacrificing the mountain gods, sacrificing the Dragon King. The purpose is to pray for their blessings, eliminate disasters, wind and rain, people and animals are prosperous.
As for the source of Ao Bao, there is such a legend, a long time ago, a mule sedan ride in a set of women, from far away to the Ewenki village, sitting in front of the village after the sedan chair howling and crying, yelling more than. Invoke stormy weather, the village people panic, no peace, winter snow and ice everywhere, people hit the ice hole to get water, the hole suddenly appeared a cloak of women's head, scared people fled in a panic. At this time, goose feather snow fell from the sky, the villagers are all panicked, and thus invited nine lamas, chanting mantras. The lamas finally caught the demoness with their magic power and pressed her head under the mound of earth and stones.
The Ewenki people are afraid that it will come back to the monster, every time they pass by, they have to press a stone on it to increase the weight. From April to June every year, the number of people who go to add stones is the largest, and as time passes, the Ovoo is formed.
Ewenki Jiyaqi"Jiyaqi" is the Ewenki language, that is, the sacrifice of livestock God. The festival is a traditional festival of the Ewenki people, and is a folk festival held every year on the 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar or in June when the animals are full of meat and fat.
Sacrifice, Ewenki to cherry rice or rice porridge made of offerings, held in a pocket, and then in a square felt, with the clans breed horse mane and tail, embroidered a man and a woman in two figures, respectively, placed in the pocket left and right, to worship. After the sacrifice, the unmarried girl is the first to taste it, and only afterwards can everyone share it.
The Ewenki people believe that "Jiyaqi" is given by the god of livestock, and the sacrifice of "Jiyaqi" is to thank the god of livestock for the gift, so that the livestock can reproduce smoothly and prosper.
Ewenki Mitr Festival
Mitr Festival is a traditional festival of Ewenki people in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is held on October 26th of the lunar calendar every year.
The Ewenki believe that from now on, the weather will be colder day by day, and even overnight can be icy, cold, weak animals at any time there is a danger of freezing to death. Ewenki people who have flocks of sheep will drive the breeding sheep into the flocks on this day, and start to slaughter cattle and sheep, store frozen meat for winter food. Whether to sell livestock or not, are decided on this day, so as not to survive the winter loss.
Because the Ewenki people live in the Daxinganling area, the winter is very cold, grazing and hunting activities are very difficult, so we have to do all the preparations for winter. The 26th day of the 10th lunar month is regarded as the starting point of the weather from warmth to coldness, and it is said that Ewenki people attach great importance to this festival by having the Mitre Festival.
Ewenki Fire God FestivalThe worship of the fire god is a concrete manifestation of the Ewenki people's worship of nature. For Ewenki people, fire can cook the animal meat, fire can give people warmth and light, but fire can also cause pain and disaster to people. As a result, fire becomes an incredible phenomenon for Ewenki people, and they have a mysterious sense of fire and think that fire is dominated by God. Ewenki legend, the fire god is an old woman, because women have to contact with the fire every day, to use the fire to burn rice, warmth, etc., so the Ewenki people worship the fire god, are worshiped by women.
The Fire God Festival is held on December 23rd of the lunar calendar every year. It comes from an ancient legend: a long time ago, Ewenki people have a poor hunter hunting in the mountains, in the forest turned a day, what prey are not caught. In the evening, he felt sleepy and tired, so he fell asleep in a cave, did not expect this sleep competition for many years. When he woke up, he found that the handle of the shotgun was rotten and the barrel was full of rust. He slowly out of the cave, climbed up a hillock, and saw two felt houses in front of him. One was full of stranglers, and he thought to himself that it must be the home of a rich man; the other was in such a state of disrepair that he decided it must be the home of a poor man. So the hunter went into the poor man's felt house. The poor shepherd took out the milk tea to entertain him. The hunter was just about to drink, suddenly heard someone on the felt house said: "We poor people have endured for several generations, and now we can no longer be like lambs waiting to be slaughtered in general, and we must make the insatiable rich people's livestock all dead overnight."
The hunter was surprised, for the words were understood only by him, and the poor herdsman did not understand them at all. He went out of the felt house and found Vulcan standing on it. That night, a gust of wind blew, the rich Ewenki family's livestock and lehrer were blown into the mire or into the salt lake, while the poor herdsman's family was safe and sound. Soon, the grassland also grew a lot of fat green grass, and the poor herdsmen gradually became rich. The hunter knew that this was what the God of Fire had given them, so he told every family in Solun what he had seen and heard that day. From then on, the families of Solun began to revere the God of Fire. Whenever they eat, they have to pay respect to the fire god first, and set that day as "Fire God Festival" every year. On the day of the festival, Ewenki people should slaughter a fat sheep, put the best piece of meat on the sheep's chest and the sheep's head on the fire to roast, and then offer to the fire god.
The Ewenki family should hold the ceremony of sacrificing to the god of fire in the evening of the 23rd day of the lunar month every year. Each family crosses a fire frame with wooden roots or chopped wood, puts a sheep breastbone coated with grease on the top of the fire frame, hangs colorful cloths and lit stone lamps around the fire frame, and puts an offering table in front of the fire frame, on which some offerings are put. At sunset, the women of each family light the fire and begin to worship the fire god, first putting the wine and offerings on the table into the fire, and then the whole family kneels down to worship the fire god.
Ewenki people are extremely respectful of fire in their daily life. When receiving guests, the master should hold a torch and go out to meet them, and the master and guests should greet each other under the torch, which means to let the fire god testify that they should treat each other with sincerity. Before the meal, the host first throws a piece of meat into the fire, pours a cup of wine, and then toasts to the guests, who also have to honor the fire god with wine before they can start drinking and eating.
Ewenki people regard the fire god as a god that never goes out, and they can not extinguish the fire no matter what. Therefore, Ewenki people try their best to protect the fire from extinguishing no matter what the situation is.
Other Ewenki FestivalsIn addition to the Ewenki festivals highlighted above, Ewenki also have aya ining (Aya ining: longevity festival) on January 1, bugakan ining (Bugakan ining: All Saints' Day) on January 5, and muduri ining (Muduri ining: Dragon's Head Festival) on February 2, which is a festival where they don't work and can't use any labor. On February 2, muduri ining (Muduri ining: Dragon's Head Festival), they don't work and can't use any labor tools, including knives and guns, or they will anger the dragon god and suffer. on March 3, Owoi ining (Bear Sacrifice Festival), they sacrifice the bones of bears. shiwung ning (Chingming Festival), on April 5, is dedicated to the spirits of dead ancestors, and is also dedicated to the spirits of dead ancestors with vegetables, wine, and dairy products, May 1 is ozhoor ining (Ozhoor ining: Festival of the Ancestral God). muu ining (Muu ining: Festival of the Water God), May 5, is the day when water is believed to come to life, so on this day one wakes up before dawn to bathe in pure river water to wash away the dirt and illnesses brought by the world of the past and then puts a piece of white artemisia on one's head to ward off evil spirits. kumahan ining (Kukumahan ining, June 6) is the day when the dead are brought to life, and the dead are given the opportunity to take a bath. kumahan ining (Kumahan Ining: Reindeer Festival) is one of the traditional festivals of the Ewenki people, during which there are competitions of reindeer riding, reindeer carriages, reindeer lassoing, reindeer meat eating, reindeer milk drinking, reindeer fur products trading, exchange of experience of reindeer herding and reindeer husbandry, redrawing of reindeer pastures between clans, and agreement on mutual exchange of male reindeers, etc. This festival of the Ewenki people is a great opportunity for them to have a good time. This traditional festival of Ewenki ethnic group has become the main link of regular exchange of reindeer herding experience between families with different family names, as well as the strengthening of communication and unity between different tribes and the strengthening of the sense of national identity in the history. Moreover, various festivals are held or carried out basically on a clan basis. baynacha ining (Baynacha Ining: Mountain God Festival) is celebrated on July 7 to pay homage to the mountain god. brazhinin (Autumn Festival) is celebrated on August 8. mitegeng (Mitegeng: Fire God Festival) is celebrated on September 9. jiyachi ining (Jiyachi ining: Luck God Festival) is celebrated on October 10. On November 23rd, miter ining (Miter Ining: Festival of Little Snow), Ewenki think that from this day onwards, the weather gradually enters into severe cold, and at the same time, it also brings a good period for people to store frozen meat and other frozen products naturally. Therefore, from this day onward, they slaughter the cattle and sheep for winter and spring, and store the beef and sheep meat, frozen dumplings, frozen vegetables and frozen fruits in the warehouse or storage car in the form of natural freezing in the cold weather. Also on this day, they decide to sell their livestock in winter. Also on this day, Ewenki families were busy for one day, and each of them set up banquets to celebrate the arrival of Snow Festival. In some pastures, several families join together to celebrate the festival and engage in some self-entertainment activities such as singing and dancing. Of course, those who have the money, livestock ranchers, will engage in a larger scale of the Snow Festival celebration, will invite neighbors or friends and relatives to participate in the evening, but also to engage in a bonfire dinner, and make a very lively, very festive flavor, a very festive atmosphere. However, these festivals, compared with the above more comprehensive introduction of the festival, in the Ewenki people seem to belong to small festivals, the scope of its activities or the form is more limited, generally in a small scale or between friends and relatives, as well as in the family range to engage in a number of symbolic celebrations.
Ewenki holiday dietEwenki people mainly eat meat and dairy products, and generally like to drink milk tea. In the morning, they used to put a little salt into the boiled brick tea and then add milk to make milk tea to drink. Milk tea is the regular drink in the daily life of Ewenki people. The breakfast and lunch of Ewenki people are "drinking tea", together with homemade snacks. Ewenki people attach importance to dinner and recognize it as the main meal, usually drinking milk, eating meat noodles, meat and rice porridge. Noodles more with a knife, in the shuttle rice mixed with a little cloud beans, shredded meat, artemisia cooked porridge, is a very good meal.
Ewenki people in addition to eating pasta, mainly eat deer, roe deer, wild boar and bear meat, as well as water duck, flying dragon, chicken. They eat meat in a very simple way, one is boiled, the other is roasted. They like to eat "hand-picked meat", cut the meat into large pieces, put it in the pot to boil to seven or eight minutes cooked, fish out and then cut it with a knife, and eat it with the hand dipped in salt flour, which is not only delicious, but also very nutritious. Ewenki people like to eat roasted meat when they are hunting in the field. The hunters often cut the meat into strips or slices, string them up with willow and iron sticks, put them on the fire and bake them, and then eat them, and the baked meat is both tender and delicious.
Ewenki people eat fish, like to use the river water with a little salt stew to eat. They also like to eat a variety of wild vegetables, a variety of wild vegetables mixed processed into small dishes to eat. Cabbage leaves, chili peppers, green garlic mixed together, crushed with a small mill, and then mixed with salt marinade, with salty and spicy flavor, especially when eating meat with this ingredient, the taste is more delicious.
Ewenki people often eat dairy products, each family can make good cheese, milk skin, dried milk. The women put the fresh milk into the bucket and put it in the cool place, after a period of time, the milk becomes paste, and then strip it out, it will be made into cheese, i.e., "Eruki", which can be coated on the dry pasta or snacks to eat. If the cheese is heated, it can be boiled out of butter and white oil. They call "milk residue" as "Oduki", pouring milk into a pot and heating it, the milk gradually turns into erectile pieces, and after drying, it becomes milk residue. The milk residue can be taken out and smeared with cheese and eaten as a snack, which is a delicious dish for Ewenki people to entertain guests.