Life dances include customary dances, religious ceremonial dances, social dances, self-entertainment dances, sports dances, educational dances and so on. Customary dance, which can also be called festival and ritual dance, is a variety of mass dance activities held by many ethnic groups in our country during marriage, funeral, planting, harvesting and some other festivals. In these dance activities, the table view of the customs and habits of various ethnic groups, social style, cultural traditions and national character traits. Religious and sacrificial dance is the dance form for religious and sacrificial activities. It is mainly used to pray for the blessing of the gods, to remove disasters and diseases, to turn misfortune into good luck, to make people and animals prosperous, to have a good harvest, or to thank the gods for their gifts; ritual dance is a ceremonial form of dance for the ancestors. In the past, people used to express their nostalgia for their ancestors or hoped that their ancestors and the gods and Buddha blessed and blessed them. Social dance is a dance activity for people to socialize, promote friendship and contact. Generally refers to a variety of social dance in the ball. In addition, many of China's ethnic minorities in a variety of festivals carried out by the mass of the dance activities, mostly young men and women for social interaction, free choice of spouse social activities, therefore, can also be said to be the social dance of the various ethnic groups. Self-indulgent dance is a dance activity in which people entertain themselves for the sole purpose of self-indulgence. Dance to express and vent their inner emotional impulses, so as to obtain the full satisfaction of aesthetic pleasure. Sports dance, is a combination of dance and sports, artistic and aesthetic way to exercise the body, so that the physical and mental health development of the new varieties of dance. Such as a variety of fitness dance, rhythmic gymnastics, middle-aged and elderly disco, ice dance, water dance, street dance HI-HOP, as well as China's traditional martial arts in the sword dance, sword dance and symbolic simulation of a variety of animals, a specific image of the Elephantine Boxing, Five Birds Opera, etc. are. Educational dance, refers to schools, kindergartens and other aesthetic education of dance activities, as well as the opening of the dance course, used to cultivate and beautify people's thoughts and feelings, moral character, cultivate people's unity and friendship, strengthen the etiquette, as well as to promote physical and mental health, can play a subtle role. Artistic dance refers to the professional or amateur dancers, through the observation of social life, experience, analysis, concentration, generalization and imagination, artistic creation, so as to create a distinctive thematic ideas, emotional richness, the form of a complete, with a typical artistic image, by a small number of people on the stage or the square performances for the public to enjoy the dance works. Because of the many varieties of artistic dance, according to the different artistic characteristics, can be roughly divided into two categories.
The first category
Based on the different styles of dance features to distinguish, there are: classical dance, folk dance, modern dance, contemporary dance and ballet. Classical dance: it is on the basis of national folk dance, through successive generations of professional workers to refine, organize, process and create, and after a longer period of artistic practice of the test, passed down, is considered to have a certain exemplary significance and classical style characteristics of the dance. Many countries and nationalities in the world have their own unique styles of classical dance. Classical dance in Europe generally refers to ballet. Folk dance: It is a form of dance created collectively by the masses of people in the course of long-term history, accumulated and developed, and widely circulated among the masses. It directly reflects the thoughts and feelings, ideals and aspirations of the people. Due to the differences in the way of life and labor, historical and cultural mentality, customs and habits of the people of various countries, nationalities and regions, as well as the natural environment, different national styles and local characteristics have thus been formed. Modern Dance: It is a dance genre that emerged in Europe and America at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Its main aesthetic point of view is to oppose the classical ballet's tendency to stick to the old ways, detach from real life and purely pursue the formalist tendency of skills; advocate to get rid of the overly rigid action program of the classical ballet, and freely express people's true feelings with the dance movements that conform to the laws of natural movement, and emphasize that the art of dance should reflect the life of the modern society. Contemporary dance (new creation dance): that is, different from the above three styles of new styles of dance, it is often based on the content of the performance and the need to shape the characters, unconventional, drawing on and absorbing the various styles of various dance schools, various means of dance expression and performance methods, eclectic for my use, so as to create a unique new style of dance different from the various styles of dance that have been formed. Ballet: a highly programmed theatrical dance refined and processed by professional dancers in the court. The word "ballet" is the phonetic translation of the French word "ballet", meaning "jump", or "dance", and its original meaning was just to legs, feet as the movement parts of the movement of the general term. French court dance masters in order to rebuild the ancient Hitchcock integration of poetry, music and dance in one of the theater ideal, created a "ballet" such a blend of dance movements, mime gestures, facial expressions, theatrical costumes, musical accompaniment, literary tableau, stage lighting and scenery and other ingredients in one of the comprehensive form of dance theater, in the Western theater dance art dominant position for more than 300 years, has been four centuries. In 1958, the Beijing Dance School was established to introduce Russian ballet, and it has been more than 40 years since then.
The second category
Differentiated according to the characteristics of the dance expression, there are: solo dance, duo dance, trio dance, group dance, group dance, song and dance, song and dance theater, dance theater and so on. Solo dance, performed by a person to complete a theme of the dance, mostly used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and reveal the inner world of the characters. Duo dance, performed by two people **** with the completion of a theme of the dance. Mostly used to directly express the thoughts and feelings of the characters and show the relationship between the characters. Trio dance, by three people to perform a theme of the dance. According to its content can be divided into the expression of a single emotion and the expression of a certain plot, as well as the expression of dramatic conflicts between the characters and other three different categories. Group dance, where more than four people dance can be called group dance. Generally, it is to show some generalized complex or to shape the image of a group. Through the dance formation, the picture of the iteration, change and different speed, different strength, different amplitude of the dance movement, posture, modeling development, can create a deep poetry of the mood, has a strong artistic infectious force. Group Dance, a relatively large-scale dance work composed of a number of dances. Which each dance has relative independence, but they are unified in the **** the same theme and complete artistic conception. Song and dance, is a combination of singing and dancing form of artistic performance. Characterized by singing and dancing both long for lyricism, but also good at narrative, can watch the characters complex, delicate thoughts and feelings and a wide range of life content. Song and dance drama is a kind of singing and dance as the main means of artistic expression to show the dramatic content of the comprehensive form of performance. Dance drama, dance as the main means of artistic expression, and a combination of music, stage art (costumes, sets, lighting, props), etc., to show a certain dramatic content of the dance works.
The third category
Distinguished by age level, there are young children's dance, juvenile dance, youth dance, middle-aged and old-aged dance.
Edit Appreciation
Dance appreciation, a kind of spiritual activity produced when people watch dance performances, is the whole process of feeling, experiencing and understanding dance works. Therefore, it is essentially a cognitive activity. But it is different from the general cognitive activity, but a special cognitive activity of the dance works. Dance appreciation, that is, the audience through the dance works portrayed in the dance image, specific awareness of its reflection of social life, the thoughts and feelings of the characters, as well as the dance author of the aesthetic evaluation of this phenomenon of life. Audience in the process of appreciating the dance works will often be linked to their own life experience, cause emotional ****ming, stimulate the memory of the relevant impression, experience. As well as a series of imagination, association and other image thinking activities to enrich and supplement the dance image in the dance works, making it more complete, vivid and distinct. Thus, in the process of watching dance works, we can experience a broader life content and profound ideological meaning. People dance appreciation of this dance aesthetic activities, first of all, must have certain subjective conditions, that is to say, to have a certain dance knowledge, dance appreciation level and cognitive ability, dance appreciation activities can be normal and smooth. This is as Marx said, "If you want to get the enjoyment of art, you yourself must be a person with artistic cultivation."" Only music can stimulate a person's sense of music; the most beautiful music is meaningless to an ear that does not recognize meter, music is not an object to it,......," so it is very necessary for us to understand the characteristics of the art of dance, the relationship between dance and other arts, the various factors that make up the image of the dance, and the process of its production, and so on. In the previous we have talked about, dance is after refining, organizing, beautifying the human body movement as the main means of expression, expression of people's feelings and thoughts, reflecting the social life of a kind of art. From the dance works to the appreciation of the sensory characteristics, it is a synthesis of auditory (temporal) and visual (spatial) performing arts.
China has a very rich dance heritage, there are many famous dance works in ancient times, and only some of the ones listed above can be said to be famous dance works in history. Here are only a few representative dance for a brief introduction. First, "Dawu" is the Zhou dynasty choreographed in praise of the victory of King Wu to conquer the Zhou Dynasty music and dance works, belonging to the "six dances" one. *** is divided into six sections: (a) in a section of the drums, the dance team from the north on the field, the dancers are armed, standing in formation, singing to show the determination of King Wu to conquer the Zhou Dynasty. (b) On both sides of the dance team, there are people who convey the military order by vibrating the dots, and the dance team then divides into two lines and makes fierce striking and stabbing movements while dancing, indicating that the Shang has already been destroyed. (3) After the destruction of the Shang, the army marched to the south. (d) It indicates that the southern territory has been stabilized. (E) The dance team is further divided into two lines, indicating that the Duke of Zhou is on the left and the Duke of Zhao is on the right, assisting the King of Zhou in ruling. Then the dancers methodically change all kinds of complicated formations to form a neat formation, and then all the dancers sit down and make a low static scene, indicating that the country has been well governed. (F) The dancers regroup and form a neat formation to show their respect for the King of Zhou. The whole dance ends. Second, the "Spirit Star Dance" (also known as "Elephant Teaching Field") is a music and dance of the Han Dynasty for the worship of Houji. Performed by sixteen boys and men, the dance expresses the life of reclamation, cultivation, hoeing, bird-driving, harvesting, pounding grain and raising chaff to commemorate and glorify the merits of Houji's teaching of the people to cultivate fields. Third, "Pan Drum Dance" (also known as "Seven Plate Dance") is a highly skilled dance in the Han Dynasty, the dancers in the seven pan drums with different rhythms, sometimes face up and folded back feet on the drums, sometimes jumping up in the air, and then fell to his knees to the ground, with the toes skillfully stepped on the pan drums, the body as a falling posture to hit the drum surface. The agile drumming action, such as flying light dance steps, if down if the master, sometimes to and fro gestures and status scheduling, and the music is closely integrated together, showing the profound mood. Fourth, "East China Sea Huang Gong" is the Han Dynasty with a certain plot and characterization by two people play the role of the corner of the play, mainly to action to show the story of human and tiger fighting. According to the "xijing miscellany" contained: "there is the east sea people Huang Gong, when young for the art can make snake imperial tiger, wear red gold knife, to reddish-red silk hair, standing up clouds, sitting into the mountains and rivers. And aging, gas power won exhausted, drinking excessively, can not resume its art. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, there is a white tiger in the East China Sea, Huang Gong is to the red knife to hate. Art not work, so for the tiger killed." Fifth, the "Sword Instrument" is a widely circulated performance dance in the Tang Dynasty that belongs to the category of Jian Dance, which is a solo dance for women in military attire. Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his "Watching Gongsun Danniang's Disciples Dancing with Sword and Instrument" about the feelings he got from watching this dance: "In the past, there was a beautiful Gongsun, who moved the four directions with a dance of sword and instrument. The viewers were as frustrated as the color of the mountains, and heaven and earth were low for a long time. Like Yi shoots the nine suns to fall, like the group of emperors and horses of the dragon soar. Come as the thunder collects the anger, stops as the river and the sea condenses the clear light. ......" From the description in the poem, it can be seen that "this dance has jumping, gyrating, changes, in and out quickly, starting and stopping crisply, rhythmic; or suddenly, or abruptly, moving as the collapse of thunder and lightning, shocking, stopping as the river and the sea waves, clear light condensation. " Sixth, "Hu Xuan Dance" Tang Dynasty from the Kang State folk dance, dance rotation-based, so the name Hu Xuan Dance. Bai Juyi made "Hu spin female" poem, vividly depicts the characteristics of this dance: "Hu spin female, Hu spin female, heart should be string, hand should be drum. With the sound of strings and drums and the lifting of both sleeves, the snow flutters back and forth to dance. She never gets tired of spinning left and right, and she never stops spinning for a thousand turns and ten thousand weeks. There is nothing comparable to the human species, and the car wheel is slow and the whirlwind is late." From the poem, we can see that Hu's dance movements and gestures, as well as her inner feelings, are closely integrated with the melody and rhythm of the accompanying music. When she spins, her sleeves are lifted up, as light as snowflakes, and as fluffy grass dancing in the wind. She spins, sometimes left, sometimes right, as if she is never tired. It was difficult to distinguish her face from her body in the millions of rotations. The speed of her spinning seems to exceed that of the speeding wheels and the speeding whirlwind. Seven, "Tread Ballad Niang" is a popular folk song and dance opera in the Tang Dynasty, according to Cui Lingqin, "Teachers Square Records": "Northern Qi, someone surnamed Su, the real does not serve, but the self-proclaimed Langzhong; addicted to drinking and alcoholism, every drunken assault on his wife. Wife articulate grief, v. Neighbors. People get it. The husband was dressed in women's clothes, and he walked into the house and sang a song; every time a stack was made, the people on the other side chorused and said, 'Tap the ballad and come! Tap Rhyme Niang Bitter and Come! As she walks and sings, she is called 'Treading Ballads'; as she claims to be wronged, she says she is bitter. When the husband arrives, he makes a show of beating and fighting for the sake of laughter and joy." From this record, we can know that "Treading Ballads" is a satirical song and dance play based on a true story of the Northern Qi Dynasty, with different characters, certain conflicts, and distinctive emotional love and hate attitudes and ideological tendencies. According to legend, this song and dance play, staged in the court banquet, folk artists in the street also performed, which clearly shows that it is a very popular popularity of the elegant and popular **** appreciation of the song and dance play. Middle East belly dance Belly dance originated in the Middle East, the earliest as a religious ritual, narrating the cycle of nature and human reproduction, celebrating women's prolific as well as celebrating the mystery of life. This explains why belly dance is based on abdominal swaying as the main movement and requires bare feet, which is to maintain a connection with the land. This dance form gradually developed into a folk art, and eventually became widely popular in the Middle East countries of a unique form of entertainment and performance, is the mysterious Arab cultural arts in a strange flower.