The nanometer is a unit of length, formerly known as the millimicron, which is 10 to the -9th power meter (one billionth of a meter). Nanoscience and technology, sometimes referred to simply as nanotechnology, is the study of the properties and applications of materials with structural dimensions in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. In terms of specific substances, people tend to use fine as hair to describe slender things, but in fact, human hair is generally 20-50 microns in diameter, which is not fine. Individual bacteria can not be seen with the naked eye, measured with a microscope diameter of 5 microns, is not fine. To summarize, 1 nanometer is roughly equivalent to the diameter of 4 atoms. Nanotechnology includes the following four major aspects:
⒈ nanomaterials: when the material to the nanometer scale, about 1-100 nanometers in this range of space, the material properties will undergo a sudden change, the emergence of special properties. This is different from the original composition of atoms, molecules, but also different from the macroscopic material composition of the special properties of the material, that is, nanomaterials. If only the scale reaches nanometer, and there is no special properties of the material, also can not be called nanomaterials. In the past, people only pay attention to atoms, molecules or cosmic space, often ignoring this intermediate field, which actually exists in nature in large quantities, but only previously did not recognize the performance of this scale range. The first real recognition of its performance and cited the concept of nanometer is the Japanese scientists, they used the evaporation method in the 1970s to prepare ultramicro ions, and through the study of its performance found that: an electrically conductive, thermally conductive copper, silver conductor into the nanoscale, it will lose the original nature of the performance of the conductivity of electricity is not conductive, nor is it thermally conductive. Magnetic materials is also the case, such as cobalt iron alloy, make it about 20-30 nanometer size, the magnetic domains into a single domain, its magnetic properties than the original 1000 times higher. the mid-80's, people formally named this type of material as nanomaterials.
Peak nanodynamics, mainly micro-mechanical and micro-motor, or always called micro electro-mechanical systems, used in micro sensors and actuators with transmission machinery, fiber optic communication systems, special electronic equipment, medical and diagnostic instruments. Used in a new process similar to the design and manufacture of integrated electrical appliances. Characterized by very small parts, the depth of etching often requires tens to hundreds of microns, while the width error is very small. This process can also be used to make three-phase motors for ultra-fast centrifuges or gyroscopes, for example. In research there is also the corresponding detection of microdeformations and microfriction at the quasi-atomic scale, etc. Although they are not yet really into the nanoscale, but there is a great potential scientific value and economic value.
3 nanobiology and nanopharmacology, such as in the mica surface with nano-particle degree of colloidal gold fixed dna particles, in the silica surface of the fork-finger electrode to do the test of interactions between biomolecules, phospholipids and fatty acids bilayer planar biofilm, the fine structure of the dna and so on. With nanotechnology, self-assembly methods can also be used to put parts or components inside cells to make up new materials. New drugs, even micron particles of fine powder, about half of the insoluble in water; but if the particles for the nanometer scale (i.e., ultra-micro particles), can be dissolved in water.
Sung nanoelectronics, including quantum effect-based nanoelectronic devices, nano
Edited on 2021-03-17
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About nanotechnology materials?
The nanometer is a unit of length, originally called the millimicron, which is 10 to the -9th power of a meter (one billionth of a meter). Nanoscience and technology, sometimes referred to simply as nanotechnology, is the study of the properties and applications of materials with structural dimensions in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. In terms of specific substances, people tend to use fine as hair to describe slender things, but in fact, human hair is generally 20-50 microns in diameter, which is not fine. Individual bacteria can not be seen with the naked eye, measured with a microscope diameter of 5 microns, is not fine. To summarize, 1 nanometer is roughly equivalent to the diameter of 4 atoms. Nanotechnology includes the following four main aspects: ⒈ nanomaterials: when the material to the nanoscale, about 1-100 nanometers in this range of space, the performance of the material will undergo a sudden change, the emergence of special properties. This is different from the original composition of the atoms, molecules, but also different from the macroscopic material composition of the special properties of the material, that is, nanomaterials. If only the scale reaches nanometer, and there is no special properties of the material, also can not be called nanomaterials. In the past, people only pay attention to atoms, molecules or cosmic space, often ignoring this intermediate field, which actually exists in large quantities in the natural world, but only previously did not recognize the performance of this scale range. The first real recognition of its performance and cited the concept of nanometer is the Japanese scientists, they used the evaporation method in the 1970s to prepare ultramicro ions, and through the study of its performance found that: an electrically conductive, thermally conductive copper, silver conductor into the nanoscale, it will lose the original nature of the performance of the conductivity of electricity is not conductive, nor is it thermally conductive. Magnetic materials are also so, like iron cobalt alloy, make it about 20-30 nanometer size, the magnetic domain becomes single domain, its magnetic properties than the original 1000 times higher. the mid-80's, people formally named this kind of material as nanomaterials. Pie nanodynamics, mainly micromechanics and micromotors, or always called micro electro-mechanical systems, used in micro sensors and actuators with transmission machinery, fiber-optic communication systems, special electronic equipment, medical and diagnostic instruments, and so on. Used in a new process similar to the design and manufacture of integrated electrical appliances. Characterized by very small parts, the depth of etching often requires tens to hundreds of microns, while the width error is very small. This process can also be used to make three-phase motors for ultra-fast centrifuges or gyroscopes, for example. In research there is also the corresponding detection of microdeformations and microfriction at the quasi-atomic scale, etc. Although they are not yet really into the nanoscale, but there is a great potential scientific value and economic value. 3 nanobiology and nanopharmacology, such as in the mica surface with nanoparticle degree of colloidal gold fixed dna particles, in the silica surface of the fork-finger electrode to do the test of interactions between biomolecules, phospholipids and fatty acids bilayer planar biofilm, the fine structure of the dna and so on. With nanotechnology, self-assembly methods can also be used to put parts or components inside cells to make up new materials. New drugs, even micron-sized powders, are about half insoluble in water; however, if the particles are nanoscale (i.e., ultramicro particles), they can be dissolved in water. Singed nanoelectronics, including quantum effect-based nanoelectronic devices, nano
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About Nanotechnology ~~ Introduction
Because of the inestimable economic and social benefits of nanotechnology, including for the information industry, electronics, optoelectronics, the continuation of the development and enhancement of the information industry; for the manufacturing industry, national defense, aviation and the As a result of the immeasurable economic and social benefits of nanotechnology, including the continued development and improvement of electronics for the information industry, the provision of more affordable materials for manufacturing, defense, aerospace, and environmental applications, and the acceleration of biological advances in medicine, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, mankind can expect that by the 21st century, nanoscience and technology will have transformed the characteristics of manmade objects and produced an industrial revolution. I believe that nanoscience and technology will be the center of the next information age, just as the micron caused a revolution in the 1970s". The development of nanotechnology is of great significance, which will change the traditional production mode of human beings, improve social productivity, and may fundamentally solve many serious problems faced by human beings, such as environmental pollution, destruction of ecological balance, and depletion of raw materials and energy, etc.; at the same time, nanotechnology is able to develop the potential information and structural potentials of substances, and increase the capacity of storing and processing information per unit volume of substances by more than one million times, thus it generates economic benefits. At the same time, nanotechnology can develop the potential information and structure of matter, so that the capacity of storing and processing information per unit volume of matter can be increased by millions of times, thus its economic and social benefits are immeasurable and it will surely become the core of the next information era. The Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Vacuum Society have held seminars to discuss the development strategy of China's nanotechnology, and the development of nanomaterials has been included in the Climbing Plan, the "863" Plan, the Attack Plan, and the Torch Plan, etc., and the research of nano-processing and the STM of the DNA structure has been listed as one of the major basic research projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the 8th Five-Year Plan. Last year, the Ministry of Science and Technology launched a national key basic research program on nanomaterials, investing tens of millions of funds to support basic research. China has its own nanotechnology products and has established more than ten production lines of nanomaterials and technologies. Shenzhen Zhongxing Automobile Manufacturing Company recently developed a successful nano-super battery began small batch production, its products in the conductivity, storage capacity, continuous discharge time, volume and weight, cost, etc. are far more than nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium-manganese batteries. By Jiangsu Wuling Diesel Stock Company, Jiangsu Changtai Chemical Group Company, Northwest University, the General Academy of Chemical Science and Technology *** with the formation of Jiangsu Changzhou City, Wuling Changtai Nanomaterials Co., Ltd. is China's first high-tech enterprises to produce nano-zinc oxide by the uniform precipitation method to achieve industrialized production. China also has a new breakthrough in the performance of nanomaterials research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang Institute of Metals, Lu Ke researcher-led group to use the new preparation process, the manufacture of a large number of high-density, high-purity nano-copper, whose grain size of only 30 nanometers, the world's first direct observation of nanometallic materials in the superplastic ductility at room temperature. Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemistry will be nanotechnology research results applied to the textile industry, after treatment of clothing, change the previous oil, water, "a pro and a hate (or hydrophilic or oleophilic)" nature, to achieve "double pro", "double hate The "double pro", "double hate". Xi'an Jiaotong University uses nanomaterials to manufacture displays, which are more energy-efficient than ordinary liquid crystal displays, with high clarity and light weight, and can be used to produce wall-mounted televisions. Nanotechnology is energy-saving, low-consumption and technology-intensive high technology, although the full realization of its industrialization still has a long way to go, but because of nanomaterials from the introduction of the time is not too long, the research of nanomaterials, equipment and means of the domestic have been available, our country is fully capable of seizing this once-in-a-lifetime historical opportunity to catch up with and exceed the international advanced level. For specific research work, according to foreign experience, one of the very important points is to be multidisciplinary researchers of different specialties to collaborate in order to adapt to the needs of nanotechnology research and achieve new breakthroughs.
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Information on nanotechnology!
Nanotechnology (nanotechnology nanotechnology) The state of research to date to see, about nanotechnology is divided into three concepts. The first, molecular nanotechnology, was proposed by the American scientist Dr. Drexler in 1986 in his book "Machines of Creation". According to this concept, machines for combining molecules can be made practical, so that all kinds of molecules can be combined at will and any kind of molecular structure can be created. This conceptualization of nanotechnology has not led to significant progress. The second concept positions nanotechnology as the limit of micromachining technology. That is, the technology of artificially forming nanometer-sized structures through nanometer-precision "machining". This nanoscale processing technology also makes the miniaturization of semiconductors is about to reach its limit. Theoretically, even if the current technology continues to develop, it will eventually reach its limit. This is because if the line width of the circuit is reduced, the insulating film that makes up the circuit will be extremely thin, and this will destroy the insulation effect. In addition, there are problems such as heat generation and wobbling. To solve these problems, researchers are working on new types of nanotechnology. The third concept is proposed from the biological point of view. Originally, organisms have nanoscale structures within cells and biofilms. The so-called nanotechnology is a brand new technology to study the laws of motion and properties within electrons, atoms and molecules in the scale of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. Scientists in the process of studying the composition of matter, found in the nanometer scale isolated a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules, significantly show many new characteristics, and the use of these characteristics of the manufacture of equipment with specific functions of the technology, known as nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive discipline with strong intersectionality, and the research involves a wide range of fields of modern science and technology. Nanotechnology now includes such disciplines as nanobiology, nanoelectronics, nanomaterials, nanomechanics, and nanochemistry. From microscopic technology including microelectronics to nanotechnology, human beings are getting deeper and deeper into the microscopic world, and the level of people's understanding and transformation of the microscopic world has been raised to an unprecedented height. China's famous scientist Qian Xuesen has also pointed out that the structure around and below the nanometer is a focus of the next stage of scientific and technological development, will be a technological revolution, which will cause another industrial revolution in the 21st century.
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Who has information about nano?
The nanometer, a unit of length, is symbolized as nm. 1 nanometer = 1 millimicron = 10 meters (which is one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assuming that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 millimeters, it is radially dissected into 50,000 strands on average, and the thickness of each strand is about 1 nanometer. Meaning of Nanotechnology-1 . The so-called nanotechnology refers to a new technology that studies the laws and properties of motion within electrons, atoms and molecules in the scale of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. Scientists, in the process of studying the composition of matter, have found that a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanometer scale significantly exhibit many new properties, and the technology that utilizes these properties to manufacture devices with specific functions is called nanotechnology. . The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics technology is that nanotechnology studies the control of individual atoms and molecules to achieve a specific function of the device, which works by using the volatility of electrons; while microelectronics technology mainly realizes its function by controlling groups of electrons, which works by using the particle nature of electrons. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microcosm. . Nanotechnology is a highly cross-cutting and comprehensive discipline, and the research involves a wide range of modern science and technology.In 1993, the International Steering Committee for Nanotechnology (ISCN) divided nanotechnology into six sub-disciplines: nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication, and nanometrology. Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important element of nanotechnology. Meaning of Nanotechnology-2 Nanotechnology (Nanotechnology nanotechnology) Nanotechnology is actually a technology that uses individual atoms