1. The life of Tang Bohu
Tang Bohu, a native of the Ming Dynasty, was named "Yin" because he was born in the year of Yin and the time of Yin. Because Yin is a tiger, he also took the courtesy name Bohu. Later the name was changed to Ziwei.
My father, Tang Guangde, ran a Tangji Hotel. He was smart since he was a child, good at poetry and painting. He became a scholar at the age of sixteen and married Xu at the age of nineteen. Xu was quiet and delicate, gentle and considerate, and his husband and wife were loving. When he was in high spirits, his father suddenly suffered a stroke and passed away. His mother was too sad and left with his father. Later, he was shocked to hear that his sister died at her husband's house, and his beloved wife died after giving birth to a child. He was very hot and passed away quietly. The poor little baby also passed away with his mother three days after he was born. His relatives died of illness one after another, which was a huge blow and made him depressed. Later, with the encouragement of his friends Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhengming, he picked up ancient Chinese prose and studied hard. As a result, he ranked first in the provincial examination, and "Jie Yuangong Tang Bohu" became famous all over Nanjing. When she was twenty-seven, she renewed her relationship and married Mr. He. When Tang Yin went to Beijing to take the imperial examination, he was betrayed by his fellow countryman Du Yuanjing. He was falsely accused of bribing the examiner, dragged into the execution hall, beaten with sticks, and imprisoned.
After several twists and turns, it was later confirmed that after he was released from prison, he was in despair. His wife He left him, and his brother-in-law asked for a separation of the family. At this time, fortunately, his good friend Jiuniang (a brothel girl) was in the spirit. Help him. Later, he married Jiuniang, a capable and considerate wife. From then on, he devoted himself to painting and made great progress in painting. He and Jiuniang had a daughter. Jiuniang died of overwork at the age of five. Fourteen years old.
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2. Anecdotes about Tang Bohu
p>Tang Bohu, one of the "Four Talents of the Wu Clan". People only know that he was naughty in his youth, romantic in his youth, and cynical in his middle age. Therefore, people in the world added details to some of his stories and even compiled them into many legendary novels, such as: Tang Bohu's Three Points of Autumn Fragrance...and so on. However, the story about the legendary Tang Bohu may not be completely true, but it can be revealed that this talented painter was wild and unrestrained in character and did not follow the rules of etiquette.
At that time, Tang Bohu was already a famous painter in the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, many rich and powerful people want to rely on their power to ask Tang Bohu for a few paintings, but Tang Bohu is not afraid of power by nature, and likes to marry poor people. Because of this, Tang Bohu would rather paint paintings and give them to the poor than pay attention to those high-ranking officials.
There used to be a book called "Nine Beautiful Pictures", which told the story of Tang Bohu marrying nine beauties. The plot was very bizarre. In fact, there was no such thing in history, but Tang Bohu painted Nine Beautiful Pictures. It's true. The origin of the Nine Beautiful Pictures is that Zhu Zhishan once visited Tang Bohu and made a bet with Tang Bohu that as long as Tang Bohu could draw ten beautiful pictures of famous ladies in Suzhou City within one year, Zhu Zhishan would pay him three hundred Two silver coins. But Tang Bohu ignored it at that time: We are ladies, we usually don't go out of the door, and we don't take steps towards the second door. How can we get ten pictures of beauties? At this time, the book boy Tang Xing suggested to Tang Bohu that if he went to Xuanmiao Temple on the first and half of every lunar month, he would easily get ten pictures of beautiful women. However, Tang Bohu only completed nine pictures, and these nine pictures of beautiful women were saved.
3. Strange anecdotes about Zhu, Wen, Zhang and Tang Bohu
Zhu Zhishan, whose courtesy name is Xizhe, is Tang Bohu’s best friend. Although he is a scholar, he has no intention of fame. He concentrates on calligraphy, and is especially famous for cursive script. The two have similar temperaments. They often carry wine bottles and ride on fishing boats, drinking and composing poems while admiring the mountains and rivers, which seems to be a retreat from the world. Shortly after Tang Bohu was framed by Du Yuanjing in Kyoto, Zhu Zhishan also resigned from the county magistrate, and the two even traveled together, poetry, wine, and famous flowers. It is said that the two men once arrived in Yangzhou and found that they had run out of silver. They heard that the Yanzheng censor in Yangzhou liked elegance, so they transformed themselves into Taoist priests and came to the Yamen. The censor asked them to use the stone as the title and combine verses to form a poem. So the two of them were very satisfied with their work and rewarded them with a large amount of silver. The two of them played for several more days.
Zhu Zhishan's famous cursive script, coupled with Tang Bohu's exquisite painting skills, made "Tang Hua Zhu Zi" famous far and wide.
Wen Bi, courtesy name Zhengming, was also a good friend of Tang Bohu. But because he was strictly disciplined by his father Wen Lin when he was young, he never dared to flirt with women, so when Tang Bohu and Zhu Zhishan hired two prostitutes to play tricks on him without telling him, Zhengming wrote a long letter to advise Tang Bohu.
Tang Bohu also refused to accept that he took the joke seriously, and their twenty-year friendship fell apart. It was not until ten years later that Tang Bohu wrote a letter to Zheng Ming, frankly reviewing his mistakes. Zheng Ming rushed to Taohuawu immediately after reading the letter, and the two close friends resolved their grudges in tears. As a result, the friendship between the two became deeper and they talked about everything until Tang Bohu passed away.
Zhang Ling, also known as Mengjin, was extremely smart since he was a child. He once won the first prize in the boy examination. However, due to the early death of his father, he gradually became wild and unruly and became addicted to alcohol. Zhu Zhishan felt sorry for him and accepted him as his disciple. From then on, he often traveled around the world with Zhu Zhishan and Tang Bohu. Once, after the three of them drank in a hotel, they realized that they had no money. So Tang Bohu found a piece of white paper and sketched it with a few strokes, and it turned into green mountains and green waters. Zhu Zhishan took the pen and wrote four lines of poetry, which added a lot of color. Finally, Meng Jin added a little boy drawing water next to the green water, which immediately made the scene full of life. This painting not only paid for the drinks, but also allowed them to drink a few more drinks. [Meng Jin is naturally fond of nature and is not obsessed with official status. He has always been Tang Bohu's best friend. 〕
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Reference:
The Legend of Tang Bohu Liang Yanlin Yu Culture Publishing House
The talented scholar from the Wu clan added that Ma Chunyang can build a bookstore
The story of Tang Bohu
Since the publication of Feng Menglong's novel "Tang Jieyuan Yixiao Marriage", due to the popularity of folk artists and opera, The story of Tang Bohu lighting autumn fragrance is widely circulated among the people, and Tang Bohu has become a well-known historical figure among Chinese people. In folklore, Tang Bohu became a rich man with many wives and concubines, rich in wealth, and ridiculous and romantic. In fact, this greatly distorts the true face of Tang Bohu. Tang Bohu in history not only did not have the romantic love affair in the legend, but also lived in poverty and had a rough life.
Tang Bohu, named Tang Yin, lived in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and was born into a family of a small businessman. He was talented in poetry, calligraphy and painting since he was a child. During the Hongzhi period, Jieyuan, who ranked first in the Yingtianfu (today's Nanjing) provincial examination, became famous for a while, and he also called himself "the most talented man in the south of the Yangtze River". Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. In the second year of the joint examination, Tang Bohu was implicated in the imperial examination fraud case and suffered a series of unjust lawsuits. From then on, he had no way to take the imperial examination and his career was blocked.
Tang Bohu has no hope of success and his marriage is unfortunate. His first wife, whose surname was Xu, came from a wealthy family and was very snobbish. She hoped that Tang Bohu would be awarded a gold medal, rise to the top, and be a noble husband and wife. However, Tang Bohu was implicated in examination fraud and lost his hope of becoming an official. Her hopes were dashed. From then on, the couple turned against each other and quarreled every day. Finally, they separated and got divorced. Later, a woman named Shen Jiuniang walked into Tang Bohu's life. The two fell in love and were harmonious. Unfortunately, Shen Jiuniang died prematurely again. Tang Bohu never renewed his relationship.
Failed in the imperial examination and had an unfortunate marriage, which greatly affected Tang Bohu. He fell into poverty, wandered around famous mountains and rivers, devoted himself to the creation of calligraphy and painting, and finally became a great master of the generation and achieved extremely high artistic achievements.
Many stories about him are circulated in Suzhou. It is said that there was a person who was very close to Tang Bohu and asked Tang Bohu for a painting. The painting was of a clear bamboo pole standing in the wind, with a weaver girl lying on the bamboo pole. After this person returned home, he hung Tang Bohu's gift painting in his room. In the middle of the night, this man was awakened by the screams of the Weaver Girl in his sleep. He got up, held a lamp and looked around in the snow. Finally, he discovered that the Weaver Girl who kept chirping was actually the one in Tang Bohu's painting. Another time, Tang Bohu drew three river shrimps for a friend's fan, and the friend couldn't put it down. Once while on a boat trip, I accidentally dropped the fan into the river. The three shrimps on the fan jumped out of the fan into the river and swam away. These legends vividly describe Tang Bohu's superb painting skills.
The rough life formed Tang Bohu's character of being arrogant and contemptuous of the powerful. In one of his poems, he said: "I wish I could die in old age among flowers and wine, and I don't want to bow in front of carriages and horses. Those who are rich in carriages, dust and horses are happy, and those who are poor are destined to have wine cups and branches." It reflects his character that he would rather be poor than follow the crowd. Being aloof and arrogant will definitely offend high-ranking officials. Therefore, Tang Bohu's life is not rich. In one of his poems, he said: "There is no room for laughter when one is standing tall. Thousands of miles of mountains and rivers are described in the pen." Life is so embarrassing that there is almost no room for standing tall. In another poem, he wrote: "The green hills are white-haired and the old fool is stubborn, and the life of pen and inkstone is hard and hard to eat!" He directly expressed the situation of poor life. In 1523 AD, the 53-year-old Tang Bohu died of poverty and illness. After his death, he was poor and unable to bury him, so he had to stay temporarily beside his house. Today, there is an alley named "Tang Yin Tomb" near the ruins of Tang Bohu's residence in Taohuawu, Suzhou. It was not until twenty years later that Tang Bohu's relatives and friends pooled money to move Tang Bohu's coffin to Wangjiacun, Hengkui, west of the city.
More than four hundred years have passed, and the people of Suzhou have always cherished the memory of this outstanding painter. In the 1980s, the Suzhou Municipal People's Government invested more than one million yuan to renovate Tang Yin's tomb and built a memorial hall in his cemetery to display Tang Yin's deeds and works. It was officially opened to the public in 1986.
In the Tang Yin Memorial Hall, there is a couplet summarizing Tang Yin's life. The transcript is as follows:
Ask Tang Qu why he cried bitterly. Even though he had no hope, he still won the reputation of a talented scholar, above the generals, ministers and princes.
Following Song Yu’s summoning of souls, this time The tomb was renovated and decorated with beautiful scenery in Hengkhouang, making the lake and mountains beautiful with flowers and moon.
Opening
[B] One day, Zhu Zhishan went to the Tang family in Taohuawu, Suzhou to meet friends, and saw Tang Bohu painting. What he painted was a landscape vertical scroll, with distant mountains and near water, clouds and mist. Miao Miao was very vivid, so he joked and said: "Brother, your landscape painting is very good, it is even better than the true biography of your master Shen Zhou; but when it comes to painting ladies, it is not so good."
Tang Bohu was young and vigorous at that time. After hearing this, he was extremely dissatisfied and said, "What's wrong with my paintings of beautiful ladies?" Zhu Zhishan saw that Tang Bohu had taken the truth seriously, so he smiled and said, "It's not interesting for you to paint ordinary ladies. If you can paint them in one year, A well-known lady in Suzhou City, if you draw ten pictures of beauties, I will obey you and make a bet of three hundred taels of silver with you." Tang Bohu was excited by Zhu Zhishan, and after careful consideration, he agreed.
After sending Zhu Zhishan away, Tang Bohu thought about it carefully and realized that he had been tricked by Zhu Huzi again. Just imagine that all the beauties in the world don’t go out or step outside the door on weekdays. Where can I draw these ten pictures of real beauties?
It was clear that this host was going to lose, so he felt very unhappy. The scholar Tang Xing was very smart and immediately offered his advice: "My lord, it is not difficult for me to see ten pictures of beauties. There are always people going to Xuanmiao Temple to burn incense on the first and half of every lunar month, and those who burn incense are often ladies of the world." You and the old master of Xuanmiao Temple are chess friends. You can sleep in the temple one day early, dress up like a little Taoist priest, cut candles, and ring the bells, and you can see clearly." Tang Bohu heard this and said, Just follow the plan.
From then on, spring passed and autumn came, and Tang Bohu had indeed painted eight pictures of named beauties. He was very proud and felt that he would surprise Zhu Zhishan this time and let him taste the feeling of losing money. .
Another fifteenth day was approaching, and Tang Bohu took Tang Xing to live at Xuanmiao Temple as usual. Early in the morning, I saw a girl who was neither riding in a car nor a sedan. She was dressed in a green cloth dress with a flower on her head. Her face was like a full moon, her eyes were like shooting stars, and her face was white and rosy. She was very touching, but she just felt... Looks a bit familiar. Looking closely, it turned out to be Agui, a girl from the tofu shop on Taohuawu Street. When Tang Bohu saw her, he couldn't help but panic. With a "chirp" sound, the scissors for cutting candle flowers fell to the ground.
Agui was about to worship God. When he saw this, he couldn't help but purse his lips slightly, as if he was panicking like a Taoist priest, and he couldn't help but smile again. Tang Bohu was even more panicked. He didn't even dare to pick up the candle scissors and hurriedly retreated out of the hall. He didn't want to bump into the old master who had just entered the hall, so he couldn't help but say "Oh!" As a result, Agui felt even more amused, and turned around and smiled again. It was these "Three Smiles", and later someone made up the story of "Three Smiles".
Middle section
[B] Tang Bohu returned home and, as usual, drew the image he saw in the morning in his study. Just after finishing the painting, his wife Lu Zhaorong walked into the study, looked at the painting carefully, frowned and said, "Isn't this the girl Agui from the tofu shop?" Tang Bohu told her in detail how he bet with Zhu Zhishan on the East Road. .
Lu Zhaorong complained to Tang Bohu: "These pictures of beautiful women are all of famous ladies. If Zhu Zhishan takes them, I don't know what trouble will happen. You must not give them to him again." Don't go and paint beauties secretly. Zhu Zhishan is here, I have something to say."
The appointment has come, and Zhu Zhishan came to the Tang family excitedly. Tang Bohu followed Lu Zhaorong's instructions and unfolded the paintings one by one for Zhu Zhishan to take a look at. Just as he was looking at the ninth picture, he heard a burst of footsteps. Lu Zhaorong was in front and Tang Xing was behind, stepping into the study. Lu Zhaorong said to Zhu Zhishan seriously: "Uncle Zhu, Tang Yin is young and doesn't understand world affairs. As the eldest brother, you don't teach him to behave. Instead, you ask him to paint pictures of ladies and spread the word. How can we, our husband, have the face to see others?" Why don't you burn these ten pictures quickly, so as not to cause trouble in the future?"
Tang Xing already knew what he was doing, so he agreed, took the pictures in his hands, and walked out. After a while, a plume of smoke rose up from the patio, and the paper ashes turned into pieces of butterflies. Lu Zhaorong also pretended to be angry and went back to his room. This made Zhu Zhishan not get any advantage for the first time in his life, so he had to walk away in despair.
Actually, this was Lu Zhaorong’s plan. Not one of the nine beautiful pictures was damaged, and only Tang Bohu’s usually discarded drawings were burned. In this way, the host did not lose the money, and the nine beautiful pictures were passed down. It is said that in the late Qing Dynasty, some people saw it.
Tang Bohu made a bet with Zhu Zhishan, because he didn't have all the perfect pictures, and he always felt uncomfortable. One morning, he was sitting next to the dressing table, watching his wife Lu Zhaorong dressing up in the mirror. Suddenly, an idea came to him, and he became very interested in painting. He thought to himself: It's really hard to find anything after wearing iron shoes. It takes no effort at all. If the wife can let her Wouldn't it be wonderful to be the subject of the painting for me?
He happily explained his feelings to Lu Zhaorong. In the past, women would not even let others see their faces, and the same was true for Lu Zhaorong. As soon as she heard what her husband said, her face turned red with embarrassment, and she kept saying, "How can this happen! How can this happen! If it spreads, not only will people say that my husband is frivolous, but I will also lose my dignity."
Tang Bohu said: "It's human nature to have fun in the boudoir. If I pass on my wife's beauty to future generations, wouldn't it be a romantic story!" Zhaorong didn't agree at first, but he couldn't stand Tang Bohu's horizontal bow and vertical bow. He had no choice but to say: "My husband must draw it, so draw a picture of his back so that others won't recognize him." What Lu Zhaorong meant was: Since ancient times, there has been no drawing of a person's back.
Such a compliment can dispel the husband's interest in painting, and he will no longer insist on it. Unexpectedly, when Tang Bohu heard this, he clapped his hands and praised it repeatedly: "My wife is really smart. I have been painting for many years, but I have never come up with such a new idea."
Lu Zhaorong had already said the words, so he had to follow suit The husband came to the lotus pond in the back garden, half-leaned on the rockery stone, scattered the flowers into the pond, and made the fish play in the pond. This time, Tang Bohu drew a picture for his wife (picture of a beautiful woman playing with fish).
I saw that the beautiful woman in the painting was moderately fat and thin, of the right length, with towering temples and drooping pink face. She was really graceful and graceful in the painting. In particular, there is a girl's unique charming and pretty look that comes to life on the page. After the painting was completed, it ranked first among the ten pictures.
Because the previous nine pictures are all glimpses, and this one is even more lifelike because Tang Bohu and his wife were very familiar with each other day and night.
Epilogue
[B] Originally the story could have ended here, but this picture was so good that it later led to an anecdote.
It was during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty that a scholar bought this painting from the descendant of a declining squire. After seeing the painting, he was fascinated every day. The more he looked at it, the more he fell in love with it, and the more he fell in love with it, the more fascinated he became.
I thought to myself: The back of this beauty is so charming, and the front is even more beautiful! From then on, he stopped thinking about tea and food, and kept saying: "Beauty, why don't you look back?"
The family members were extremely anxious when they saw that he was losing weight. After asking the doctor, they all said that it is a heart disease that requires heart medicine. If you get what you want to see, the disease will be cured. Otherwise, the medicine will not be effective and the doctor will be powerless.
A smart man thought of a way to change the painting while the young man was asleep. The scenery and clothes are the same, but the beauty's face is frontal. When the young master took a look, he found that the people in the painting were very ordinary. He gave up his longing for love and gradually recovered from his illness.
So, people say that Tang Bohu's paintings are alive, and a picture of his back made future generations suffer from lovesickness.