The twenty-two-year-old Ludwig van Beethoven came to Vienna from Bonn in 1792, and from the time of his death in 1827 he never left the city that was so particularly attractive to musicians. Beethoven composed the vast majority of his works here. All nine of his symphonies were premiered in Vienna. In 1805, his only opera, Fidelio, was premiered at the Vienna State Opera. Beethoven is regarded by posterity as the greatest symphonic writer of all time. His Heroic Symphony is full of passion. His Ninth Symphony, taken from the German poet Schiller's Ode to Joy, is now the EU's anthem.
The splendor of Beethoven's compositions did not disguise a difficult life. In 1802, Beethoven wrote what may have been a testament to his brother, in a fit of grief over the gradual loss of his hearing. His passionate endowment forced him to move frequently. He left dozens of residences in the northern part of Vienna's city center, where there were hot springs. But the spas ultimately could not save him from deafness, and in 1819 Beethoven's hearing was completely lost. In 1827, he was buried in the Waehringer Friedhof cemetery. In 1888, Beethoven's remains were interred in the Central Mausoleum in Vienna.
Visiting Beethoven
Beethoven moved around a lot in his later years, and although he left behind a number of homes, many of them are not open to visitors as exhibition halls. Beethoven liked to live in a place called Heiligenstadt, far from the city, directly north of the city. In 1802, Beethoven resided in this urban area and composed his second symphony here. In October of that year, Beethoven wrote his "Heiligenstadt Testament", a letter to his two brothers, which was not sent and is still intact today. This site of Beethoven is now known as the 'Heiligenstadt Will House' and is open to visitors from Tuesday to Sunday.
Address: Probusgasse 6, 1190 Wien
The Paqualitihaus was one of Beethoven's longer residences. Between 1804 and 1815, Beethoven left the house several times, but eventually returned to it. The owner of the building, Pasquivaldi, was a good friend of Beethoven's, and each time Beethoven left, he instructed the servants not to rent out Beethoven's room because "he would always come back". It was here that Beethoven experienced his creative heyday, with his Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, the Fourth Piano Concerto and the opera Fidelio all composed here.
Address: Moelkerbastei 8, 1010 Wien
When Beethoven died in 1827, numerous friends and admirers came to pay their respects. Beethoven was buried in the Weihringer cemetery (Waehringer Friedhof). Literary giant Grillparzer once said in his eulogy "Beethoven gave everything he had to the multitudes, and from them he gained nothing, so he turned away from them." The one thing that will make Beethoven rest in peace is that Schubert was also buried here in 1828 to be with him. A Schubert garden (Schubertpark) was built next to the Wehringer cemetery in honor of Schubert, a talented young musician. Today, this Schubert garden on Wehringerstrasse is a place where many tourists linger.
Address: W ringer Stra submission, 1180 Wien
In 1888, the coffins of the two masters of music were moved together to the central mausoleum. Today, Beethoven is buried in the Central Mausoleum's Celebrity Cemetery, 32A, in grave 29.
Address: Zentralfriedhof, Simmeringer Hauptstra?e 234, 1110 Wien
In 1880, the admirers of Beethoven also built a monument to him. Since then, the area has been renamed Beethovenplatz. The statue of Beethoven is surrounded by nine cherubs, symbolizing the nine symphonies immortalized by the master musician. Ludwig van Beethoven
German: Ludwig van Beethoven
Introduction
Ludwig van Beethoven, the founder of Beethoven, was the first person to be honored with the title of Ludwig van Beethoven. Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (1770.12.17-1827.3.26), Germany's greatest musician and pianist, one of the representatives of the Viennese School of Classical Music is also the last, together with Haydn and Mozart, is later known as the "Vienna Three". Originally from the Netherlands (also known as Poland), he came from a family of singers at the court of the Elector of Cologne. He was born in Bonn, Germany to a commoner family, and learned music from his father at an early age. Beethoven showed his musical talent at an early age and began to perform on stage at the age of eight. 1792, he went to Vienna for further study and made rapid progress in his art. Beethoven faith *** and, venerate the hero, created a large number of outstanding works full of the atmosphere of the times, such as: symphony "hero", "fate"; overture "mourning Gemmont"; Piano Sonata "Pathos", "Moonlight", "Tempest", "Passion" and so on. He had a difficult life and did not establish a family. At the age of twenty-six, he became deaf, and in his later years, he was completely deaf, and could only talk to people through talking books. But the lonely life did not make him silent and retreat, in the feudal restoration era when all progressive ideas were banned, he still adhered to the political beliefs of "liberty, equality and fraternity", and through his speech and works, he cried out for the ideals of ****, reflecting the bourgeoisie's revolutionary zeal to fight against feudalism and for democracy at that time, and he wrote his monumental masterpiece "Symphony No. 9". Symphony No. 9". His works were influenced by the Enlightenment of the 18th century and the German Rampage movement, with a distinctive personality and a great development compared with his predecessors. In terms of musical expression, he touched on almost all the musical genres at that time; greatly improved the expressive power of the piano to obtain symphonic dramatic effects; and made the symphony an important form of music that directly reflected social change. Beethoven set the great completion of classical music, at the same time opened up the road of music in the romantic period, has a pivotal role in the development of world music, and left a priceless musical treasure for mankind, therefore, the world honored him as "music saint". His major works include nine symphonies (the third "Hero", the fifth "Destiny", the sixth "Field", the ninth "Chorus" is the most famous), the opera "Fidelio" and so on.
Biography
Beethoven was born on December 17, 1770 in Bonn, Germany. His father was a tenor singer in the court choir of that place, a bungler and a drinker; his mother was a maid, kind-hearted and gentle. She was first married to a manservant, then remarried to Beethoven's father after she was widowed. The hard life deprived Beethoven of the right to go to school, and the musical talent he showed since his childhood created a desire in his father to make him a musical prodigy and a cash cow for him. He was not afraid to scold Beethoven, forcing him to practice the harpsichord and violin endlessly from the age of 4. At the age of 7, Beethoven made his debut on the stage with great success, and was known as the second Mozart. After studying composition with the organist Nieffer, Beethoven published his first work, Variations for Piano, at the age of 11. At the age of 13, he joined the court orchestra as organist and ancient pianist, and in 1787 he went to Vienna to study composition with Mozart, Haydn, and others, and in 1800, after his first triumphs, a bright future unfolded in front of Beethoven. But for three or four years, a terrible thing kept tormenting him; Beethoven realized that he had become deaf. For a musician, there is nothing more terrible than deafness. One can thus understand this heartbreaking agony in the slow movement of his early piano sonatas.
Beethoven was at all times filled with a fiery heart, but his passion was very unfortunate, and he was always alternately experiencing the hopes and enthusiasms, the disappointments and the revolts, which undoubtedly became his source of inspiration. 1801, Beethoven fell in love with Giulietta? Guicciardia, to whom he dedicated his Moonlight Sonata. But the flirtatious, childish and selfish Cheri Ai was too incompetent to understand his noble soul, and his marriage to the Count of Galenberg in 1803 was a moment of despair for which he wrote a suicide note.
In 1803 he emerged from the grayness to write the bright and optimistic Second Symphony. More and better music flowed from his pen after that. Symphonies No. 3 (Heroes), No. 5 (Destiny), and No. 6 (Fields), as well as the beautiful, joyous Violin Concerto, and the colorful Piano Concerto and Sonata.
In 1823, Beethoven completed his final masterpiece, the Ninth Symphony (Choral). This work created his ideal world. in December 1826 Beethoven suffered from a severe cold, which led to pulmonary edema. on March 26, 1827, Beethoven finally took his last breath, due to liver disease. On his deathbed, there was a sudden storm of snow and thunder, as if even the heavens were mourning the death of this great musician! Beethoven's funeral was so grand that more than 20,000 people automatically followed the casket to the funeral, while his grave was next to that of Schubert. Lifelong unmarried. funeral on the 29th, the mourners were 20,000 people, the body buried in St. Max cemetery.
The composer stayed on earth for only 57 years, and completed more than a hundred works in his lifetime. The main works are 9 symphonies; dozens of orchestral music ("Egmont Overture" is the most famous); 5 piano concertos, a violin concerto; other concertos 5; piano sonatas 32 (passion, moonlight, pathos, dawn, storm, etc. is the most famous); 80 pieces of chamber music; an opera, "Fidelio"; and a Divine Opera; Masses 2, and so on.
Events
Childhood
Beethoven's grandfather and father were both court singers. For most of their lives, his father drank heavily, was never kind to the family, and never even asked if the family had enough to eat or wear. At first the kindly grandfather managed to save the family from too much suffering; and, in turn, the musical talents of his oldest grandson were a great comfort to the old man. But when young Beethoven was only four years old, the grandfather died. Beethoven's father used to drag the boy to the keyboard and make him practice there for many grueling hours, slapping him whenever he made a mistake. The neighbors often heard the little child sobbing himself to sleep from exhaustion and pain. Soon a traveling musician of little level, Faivre, came to the town and was brought to Beethoven's house. He and old Beethoven used to drink outside in a tavern until midnight, and then go home and drag young Ludwig out of bed to begin a lesson that sometimes lasted until dawn. To make him look like a child prodigy, his father lied about his age and took him out to concerts as a six-year-old when he was eight. But there is no such thing as a child prodigy, and in spite of all the trouble he went through, Beethoven the Elder was never able to make his son into another young Mozart. Beethoven's childhood was unfortunate compared to Mozart's. Mozart was well educated in his childhood. Mozart was well educated in his childhood, his practice time was pleasant and quiet, with a loving father and a beloved sister; Beethoven, on the other hand, although his playing won the respect of the people in his hometown, but the world travel performance is far from the same as Mozart caused the world to marvel.
My own way
Beethoven did not want to be a parlor favorite; he preferred to be in his own dwelling, able to go in and out, get up, get dressed, and eat as he pleased. He liked to fool around with the minutiae of the room according to his own interests. On one occasion he went so far as to cut out a piece of a window for the sake of air circulation and to see out of it. He was always in trouble with his landlords, always moving. Whenever he was at the height of his creativity, he cooled it down by pouring pot after pot of water over his head until it soaked into the room downstairs - we can only imagine the emotions of the landlord and the other tenants! Sometimes he moved so often that he wouldn't even worry about putting the legs of the piano up and simply sat down on the floor to play it. Since he had to sign a lease each time he rented a new apartment, specifying the term of the lease, he tended to pay rent for four apartments at the same time. That was probably why, despite the money he made, he never had much in the way of savings!
Deafness
When he really felt his ears getting deaf, he almost despaired. Life didn't seem worth living: could there be anything more unfortunate for a musician than not being able to hear the sweet sounds he loved to hear and lived by! At first, only Dr. Wiegler and Stefan. Dr. Wiegler and Stefan von Browning were the only ones at first. At first only Dr. Wiegler and Stefan von Breuning and a few other old friends knew of his misfortune. He gave up going to the various royal palaces to hear the merry concerts which he so loved, fearing that people would notice his deafness, and think that a musician who could not hear could not write a good work. NOT! He thought of all the music he wanted to write, "I will take fate by the throat!" Maybe it wasn't as hard for him as it was for other musicians to write music while deaf. To him, music was not only about arranging various themes or sound patterns in a captivating voice; it was also a language for expressing the deepest thoughts.
Timeline of Beethoven's works
1782-1783 Published Variations on a March, three Piano Sonatas, a Fugue, two Piano Rondos and a Piano Concerto.
1785 Becomes violin teacher of Rees. Composes three piano quartets.
1787-1789 Composed Prelude in F minor, two Preludes and two Piano Trios.
1790 Composed the "Ballet of the Knights" (dedicated to Wallstein. Performed on March 6, 1791)
1792 to 1795*** Composed the Opus 1, 2, 3, 87, 103, 19, 46, 129, etc. (of which Opus 2 is a trio.). (Op. 2 is a sonata for three pianos and Op. 19 is a piano concerto)
1795 First performance of his own works in Vienna. The three piano trios (Op. 1) are published.
1796-1797 Composition of the String Quintet in E-flat major (Op. 4), two sonatas for piano and cello (Op. 5), and Op. 6, 7, 8, 25, 16, 71, 816, 15, 65, 51 (1).
1798 Hearing weakened and by 1799 he had composed Op. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (Pathétique), 14, 20 and 21 (Symphony No. 1).
From 1800 to 1801, he composed Op. 17, 18, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 37 (Piano Concerto No. 3), 43, 85, 51(2) and 49.
1802 Works 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 40 (Romance in G major), 50 (Romance in F major) and 36 (Symphony No. 2).
In 1803 and 1804, he composed his Third Symphony, which entered a period of maturity.
In 1804, the Symphony No. 3, originally dedicated to Napoleon, was changed to the Symphony of Heroes. 1805 On April 7, the Symphony of Heroes was performed for the first time.
1804-1805 Composed Op. 32, 53, 54, 57, 56 and 72.
1806 First performance of the Violin Concerto in D major on December 23rd. He composed the Piano Concerto No. 4, three string quartets (Op. 59) and the Pastoral Symphony.
1807-1808 Composition of the Symphony of Fate (Symphony No. 5), the Symphony of the Fields (Symphony No. 6), and Op. 62, 69, 70, 80 and 86.
1809-1810 Composition of Piano Concerto No. 5 (Emperor), Egmont, and Op. 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81(a), the Piano Sonata, Nos. 75, 83 and 95.
1811-1812 Composition of Symphony No. 7, Symphony No. 8, and Op. 96, 97, 113 and 117, among other works.
1813 Finishes writing The Triumph of Wellington on December 8th.
1813-1814 Composes Op. 89, 90, 94, 115, 118, 116, 91, 136, and other works.
1815-1816 created works nos. 98, 101, 102, 112, 108 and others.
1817 Composes the Quintet Fugue (Op. 137).
1818 Composed the Piano Sonata in B major (Op. 106)
1819 Began to write the Solemn Mass.
1821 Composed Piano Sonata No. 110.
1820-1822 Beethoven composes Nos. 109, 111, 119, 121(a), 124, 120, etc.
1823 The Solemn Mass is completed.
1824 The Ninth Symphony is completed. The String Quartet (Op. 127) is composed.
1825 Composition of the last string quartets. Premiere of the Ninth Symphony in April at the K?lentenstadt Theater in Vienna.
1826 Plans to write the Tenth Symphony, seriously ill.
1827 Death.