1. Ancient poems describing the elegant environment
Song couplet stories
There is a couplet in Songshan Temple in Macau:
The pine breeze sends hugs, With your mind wandering, you can see the waves of the mirror sea and the misty shadows of the lotus peaks.
The rain is about to come, but stay behind and listen to the singing of fishermen in Qingzhou and the sound of bells in Yan Pavilion.
Songshan Temple, located in Macau, has beautiful mountains and clear waters, continuous pines and cypresses, and an elegant environment. The author of this couplet uses an artistic technique of contrasting each other and combining movement and stillness to describe the pine wind, mountain rain, mirror sea, and lotus peak. , Qingzhou Yange, etc., vividly depict the scenery around Songshan Temple, like a magnificent picture.
Due to the similar qualities of pine and bamboo, people often use pine and bamboo together in couplets, such as:
Pine leaves and bamboo leaves are green;
The sound of autumn geese is heard. The sound is cold.
The rhyme of bamboo and the clear waves of pines come from far away;
The wind tower and the moon pavilion are silent.
Fang Zhimin also wrote a couplet in his bedroom, using green pines and bamboos to express his feelings:
Three loves in his heart: strange books, horses, and beautiful landscapes;
Garden Four things to plant: green pines, green bamboos and white plum orchids.
In addition, there is a legend about Songlian: Legend has it that one day, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian were playing chess under a pine tree. Suddenly a few pine nuts fell on the chessboard. Su Shi said:
Panasonic In Go, pine nuts fall with the chess pieces every time;
Huang Tingjian didn't think it was right for a moment, but suddenly he saw a fisherman fishing under a tree by the lake, and he immediately said to him:
Fishing by willows, always with willow silk. Fishing line hangs. 2. Poems describing the elegant environment and metaphorizing the fairyland on earth
Looking at the tide by Song Liuyong The southeast is a beautiful place, the three Wu cities, Qiantang has been prosperous since ancient times.
Smoked willow painted bridges, windy green curtains, and hundreds of thousands of homes. Clouds and trees surround the dike and sand.
The raging waves roll up the frost and snow, and the sky is boundless. The city is lined with pearls, and the households are full of luxury and luxury.
The mountains and lakes are beautiful. There are osmanthus seeds in three autumns and lotus flowers in ten miles.
The Qiang pipe clears the sky, the watermelon song fills the night, and the old lotus fish is fished for. Thousands of riders with high teeth, riding drunk, listening to flutes and drums, chanting and admiring the haze.
There will be good times in the future, go back to Fengchi to boast. Note: Xingsheng: superior geographical conditions; Three Wus: "Shui Jing Zhu" lists Wuxing, Wudu and Lingji as the three Wus.
Metropolis: a metropolis; wind curtain: a curtain that blocks the wind. Uneven: refers to the uneven height of houses and pavilions.
Cloud trees: The trees look like clouds from a distance, and there are so many of them. Tianqi: a natural danger, here refers to the Qiantang River.
Zhuji: Treasure. Ying: full, full of words.
Chonghu: This refers to the West Lake. Gong (yan) small mountain peak.
Qingjia: delicate and beautiful. Jia, generally means "good".
Sanqiu: the ninth month of the lunar calendar. Qiang Guan: flute.
This generally refers to musical instruments. Panye: refers to flying at night.
Xixi: happy and cheerful. Lotus baby: a girl who picks lotus flowers.
Qianqi: Describes the large number of retinues that accompany the governor's palace when traveling. Gao Ya: Ancient generals used ivory for their flagpoles.
Decoration: This refers to the ceremonial flags raised high in the palace. Haze: Beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers.
Future: the future. Figure: depict.
Fengchi: originally refers to the pond in the emperor's forbidden garden. This refers to Zhongshu Province, which refers to the imperial court. "Looking at the Sea Tide" is also a widely recited famous poem among Liu Yong's poems.
Qiantang (now Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province) has been a famous big city in history since the Tang Dynasty, and developed further in the Song Dynasty. Liu Yong lived in Hangzhou for a period and had personal experience and deep feelings for Hangzhou's scenic spots, customs and customs. Therefore, in this poem, he was able to describe Hangzhou as magnificent and extraordinary with vivid pen and ink.
The beauty of the West Lake, the spectacular tide of the Qianjiang River, the prosperity of Hangzhou city, the enjoyment of the local upper class, and the working life of the lower class people are all reflected in the poet's pen, and he writes a poem. Beautiful, magnificent, lively pictures. The value of this picture lies not only in its depiction of Hangzhou's beautiful mountains and beautiful waters, but more importantly, in its expression of the local customs and customs at that time.
According to Luo Dajing's "Helin Jade Dew", this poem was a work presented by Liu Yong to his old friend Sun He. At that time, Sun He served as the transfer envoy between Zhejiang and Zhejiang, stationed in Hangzhou.
The phrase "Thousands of cavalry and high teeth" in the poem may refer to Sun He. Since it is a work dedicated to the officials of Hangzhou, the poem cannot help but exaggerate the description of Hangzhou at that time, and it also cannot help but end with words of compliment and entertainment.
However, more importantly, through the superficial phenomenon of "competition for luxury", readers can also see the prosperity of "the city is full of pearls, the households are full of Luoqi", and "the Qiang management is clearing up" , the lightness and joy of "Lingsing singing fills the night", and the romantic and unrestrained "listening to flutes and drums while drunk, chanting and admiring the haze". All of this can only be produced on the basis of the huge material wealth created by the long-term hard work of the ancient working people.
"Lakes stacked on top of mountains," and "smoke and willows paint bridges" are not natural, but the result of working people's management of rivers and mountains and the transformation of nature. "Cloud trees surround the dike and sand", "three autumns of osmanthus and ten miles of lotus flowers" are all created by the hard hands of the working people.
At that time, Liu Yong greatly appreciated this and was proud of it. Today, when we read such poems, we should not be too demanding, or even accuse him of "covering up the class contradictions and wealth disparity at that time." Instead, we should feel the magnificence of the motherland's rivers and mountains from the pictures provided in the words. The diligence and wisdom of the ancient people have enhanced our national self-confidence and national pride.
"There is heaven above, and Suzhou and Hangzhou below" has been praised for a long time. This is not a compliment. This poem is also quite successful artistically.
The author seizes the characteristic things, uses a passionate and exaggerated style of writing, and in just a few words, the charming scenery of West Lake and Qiantang is displayed in front of readers. The first part mainly outlines the "shape" and "prosperity" of Qiantang, with thick brushstrokes, towering buildings, and various atmospheres.
The writing method goes from general to specific, unfolding step by step, and deepening step by step. For example, the first three sentences point out "shaped victory", "city" and "prosperity", but after all, they are general and direct statements, which are difficult to leave a deep impression on people.
The following nine sentences closely revolve around these six words, creating an image, and the realm immediately unfolds: the three sentences of "Smoke and Willow Painting Bridge" write "metropolis", "Clouds and trees surround the embankment and sand, and raging waves roll up the frost and snow" focus on depicting the "splendid appearance", while "the city is unique and the households are full of silk and silk" highlight the prosperity and prosperity of Hangzhou. The second part focuses on depicting the beautiful scenery of the West Lake , happy travel and working life. The writing method focuses on the word "good scene", especially the people who appear in the "good scene".
The three sentences "Chonghu" describe the beautiful scenery of West Lake. Among them, "three autumns of osmanthus and ten miles of lotus" are naturally good words and are charming through the ages. The three sentences "Qiang Guan Nong Qing" describe the lower class people, and the three sentences "Qiang Guan Nong Qing" describe the state and county chiefs.
The ending ends with praise. In addition to full emotion and moderate exaggeration, the language, pronunciation, and tone of the words are also perfectly combined with the content of the words.
"Wang Haichao" was also the first work of Liu Yong. The word cards are closely integrated with the content and regional characteristics of the words. The first part describes the scenic spot and the majesty of the Qianjiang River tide. The words use strong and powerful language such as "raging waves", "frost and snow" and "gorge". The words are short and the tone is rapid, as if the tide is rushing in. There is a thunderous and unstoppable momentum.
When writing about the quiet and beautiful scenery of the West Lake, the words are beautiful, the sentences become longer, and the rhythm is gentle and soothing. Finally, a good line that is recited in the Qianqiu period such as "Sanqiu Guizi" appears, and then "Qiang Guan clears the sky". "" and other sentences are constantly added to the color, and the beautiful West Lake becomes even more refreshing. This is a word with strong artistic appeal.
It is said that after the benefactor Wan Yanliang heard the song "Three Autumn Osmanthus, Ten Miles of Lotus", he envied the prosperity of Qiantang, which further strengthened his ambition to embezzle the Southern Song Dynasty. For this reason, Xie Yi (Chu Hou) of the Song Dynasty also wrote a poem: "Don't sing the tunes of Hangzhou, the lotus flowers are ten miles away and the laurels are three autumns.
How do you know that the grass and trees are heartless, and they affect the sorrow of thousands of miles of the Yangtze River." ( See Luo Dajing's "Helin Jade Dew") saying that Jin Zhuliang was inspired to invade the south due to the influence of a poem, which is not credible at first.
However, the emergence of this legend can prove that the artistic appeal of this poem is very strong. As a senior bureaucrat, Fan Zhen also admired Liu Yong's poem extremely: "Benevolence." 3. Poems about describing the beautiful environment
Wonderful passages describing the environment (rural areas, snow scenes, reeds): The moon rises , the courtyard is very cool and clean, and the ragged eyebrows are moist during the day, just in time for making mats.
The woman is sitting in the small courtyard, with her silky and slender eyebrows twisted around her fingers. The reeds are thin and thin, and they are jumping in her arms. How many reeds are there in Baiyangdian?
I only know that every year when the reed flowers are flying and the reed leaves are turning yellow, the reeds all over the lake are harvested and piled up, forming a great wall of reeds in the square around Baiyangdian. Women weave mats in the inner courtyard. /p>
How many mats were made? In June, the lake was full, and there were countless ships transporting silver-white mats for export. Soon, cities and villages everywhere had dense and exquisite patterns. The mats were used and everyone rushed to buy them: "Good mat, Baiyangdian mat!" "In the spring and summer of 1937, there was a severe drought in the Yizhong Plain.
In May, the bottom of the Hutuo River dried up. The hot wind rolled up the yellow sand and dried up the red water that spread on the river beach. Willows, trigonellae and other small variegated flowers bloom at night and wither during the day.
The farmers said: Don’t look at the current drought, it will definitely be a flood year. , before the drenching rain, traders from Peiping and Baoding went home to rest, bringing news of Japan's invasion of North China to the countryside.
Farmers in Ziwu Town, Hebei Province, lay on the embankment in the north of the village at noon. Resting in the shade of a tree, under a big elm tree at the corner of the embankment, there were two young women spinning thread in front of each other.
Judging from their appearance and clothing, they looked like sisters. The youngest is sixteen or seventeen years old, and the elder is only twenty-seven or eighty-years-old. Her face is a little yellow and thin, and her eyebrows are a little sad; however, too much hope and premature enthusiasm are already fully reflected in her expression and actions. Revealed.
The leaves above them were motionless, the cicadas were chirping anxiously, and rustling armyworm droppings fell to the ground. Among the crops, red mud and cart wheels flashed.
Two big black-headed mules were running with their tails wagging in the hot midday sun. "Open the door and take a look. , ho! What a heavy snow! Mountains, rivers, trees, and houses were all covered with a thick layer of snow, and thousands of miles of mountains and rivers turned into a world of pink makeup and jade. ”
Next, write in detail the distinctive post-snow scenery of willows and pine and cypress. First, write about the static beauty: “The willow trees with fallen leaves are covered with fluffy and shiny silver bars; they are evergreen in winter and summer. The pine and cypress trees were piled with fluffy and heavy snowballs. ”
Then write about dynamic beauty: “A gust of wind blows, the branches sway gently, silver bars and snowballs fall rustlingly, and jade-like snowflakes flutter in the wind, reflecting the The morning sun showed colorful rainbows. "Inadvertently, snowflakes were already flying outside the window. The long-awaited snow was densely packed and fell rapidly to the ground in the gray sky. Countless lone lines were drawn in the sky, spinning and flying in the wind, like catkins falling from the sky. Time fills the sky.
Like a goddess scattering flowers, endless snowflakes fall from the depths of the sky, like a graceful fairy wearing a white skirt, paying tribute to all living things with graceful dance, and then gently covering the roof. On the grass tips and leaves, in an instant, the original appearance of all things was quietly covered up by the first snow since the beginning of winter, replaced by a thin layer of snow. In the blink of an eye, the snowflakes were decorated with the power of nature. Everything becomes mysterious. The snowflakes are getting denser and denser, scattering endlessly in the sky.
The community is filled with countless hexagonal elves that look like flowers and butterflies. They moisten everything silently and dress up the community with their delicate magic wands. The naughty elves are free and cheerful, They perform an excellent dance in the air, perhaps because they have stayed in the heavenly palace for a long time. They seem to release all the energy in their bodies and exaggerate everything. Occasionally, a few snowflakes playfully jump high on the stainless steel shelves of every household, making crisp knocking sounds from time to time, "ding-dong-dang-dang", seeming to create a bit of vibrancy in the empty community. However, those delicate hexagonal snowflakes , but soon melted into water droplets, clinging to the shelf that was washed clean by the snow. The wind blew leisurely, and it was on the verge of falling, but it still refused to give up.
In the melting snow, a fresh world is vaguely reflected. The snow started to lighten up.
The plants seem to have absorbed enough nutrients and are waving to the falling snow, thanking the snow for its gift. When I was a child, I often stayed alone by the river.
The sky was always blue at that time, and the shadows of wild geese flying north were always reflected on the blue water; the green grass was dotted with small white, white, and red flowers, and small white butterflies were among the flowers. Flying up and down, the dragonfly landed on the reeds in the distance, dropping a string of dewdrops. Seeing life happily busy, my heart was filled with joy, and I puffed out my cheeks and blew the whistle made of reed leaves, " The sound of "didi" will be heard far away on the river, and the noisy sparrows will be quiet for a while. The first fallen leaves bring the message of autumn, and the weather is quickly cooling down.
In the courtyard, red, yellow and yellow dead leaves filled the tile ditch; the foxtail grass that had been flaunting all spring and summer hung its head dejectedly on the wall, and the wild geese returning from the south were changing in the blue sky of late autumn. Queue. At this time, there is a sea of ??reeds in the river. The white velvet reeds resemble the flowers of dandelions, but they are not as ruthless as dandelions. They will never abandon the reeds, but silently welcome the pattering autumn rain. With the bleak autumn wind, seasons like white dew and frost fly by.
They also seem to know: one year old and one old, the green elves will wake up in the not-too-distant spring. This winter, I have been studying in a foreign country thousands of miles away. I wonder if the reeds in my hometown are well. The reeds have already bloomed, right? On the way to study, a clump of reeds flashed past the window. I actually felt that they were like a scattered clump of sad past events. I knew that I would not see the reeds in my hometown for a long time.
I like green, I think it is a vibrant color. Because the reeds in my hometown have long been integrated into my life, including the green water and the reed flowers.
Article: Thinking Reeds I recently returned to my hometown where I once "jumped in line and settled down". When I got off the boat, I saw the reeds swaying in the wind on the river embankment. Long time no see, friend! Reeds were once considered a symbol of desolation.
However, in my mind, these are everywhere.