Yellow Land Waist Drum
The form and development of Ansai Waist Drum are inseparable from the local historical and geographical environment and customs. Ansai is located in the north of Yan 'an area in Shaanxi Province, with vast territory and criss-crossing gullies. Yanhe River meanders through the territory, which is a typical loess plateau landform. Historically, it is a military town, known as "the throat of the upper county" and "the lock key of the north gate", and it is one of the frontier fortresses to resist foreign invasion. According to local people's legend, as early as the Qin and Han dynasties, the waist drum was regarded as an indispensable equipment as a sword, a gun and a bow and arrow by the garrison soldiers. In case of an enemy raid, beat the drum to call the police and send a message; The two armies fought against each other to cheer with drums; After winning the battle, the foot soldiers beat drums to celebrate. With the passage of time, waist drum has gradually developed from military use into a folk dance for local people to pray for gods, wish a bumper harvest and celebrate the Spring Festival, thus making waist drum more mass. However, in the style and performance of drumming, it continues to retain the heroic spirit of some Qin and Han soldiers.
Development
Ansai Waist Drum (4 pieces)
In p>1981, people found an ancient tomb on the hillside of Wangzhuang Village, Liangcun Township, Yan 'an City, which is adjacent to Ansai County. Among them, two waist drum portrait bricks with the same shape and figure shape were unearthed, both of which were fired after molding. Appraised by experts of cultural relics and archaeology in Yan 'an area, it is a creation of the Song Dynasty. The drummer shaped on the portrait brick has a thin waist drum, sideways, his head raised to the left and back, his left foot on the ground, his right leg stepped out, and his hands are high and low, swinging a mallet to beat the drum; One person on the left is a cymbal knocker, jumping up with his feet, sucking his left leg, looking at his left side, and making cymbals with his hands on his chest. Drummers, shirtless, wearing knickerbockers and wearing ribbons around their waists, float to the front and bottom. In particular, the movements and images of drummers are quite similar to the fourth beat of "kicking with a horse stance just look" and the second beat of "forward progress" in Ansai waist drum today. Waist drum portrait brick has a clear picture and beautiful shape, which vividly shows the waist drum performance in northern Shaanxi in Song Dynasty, and provides valuable and informative cultural relics for studying the historical origin and development of waist drum in northern Shaanxi.
in p>1942, the new yangko movement in Yan' an and the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region developed Ansai waist drum, an ancient folk art, and became a symbol for hundreds of millions of soldiers and civilians to celebrate victory and liberation. It was also known as the "victory waist drum", which spread all over China and entered the glorious history of the revolutionary literature and art movement. In 1951, Ansai Waist Drum participated in the national folk music and dance performance, and folk artists such as Ai Xiushan from Fengjiaying Village of Ansai taught the China Youth Art Troupe the skills of Waist Drum. After performing at the World Youth and Students Festival held in Budapest, Ansai Waist Drum won the special prize, which made it famous at home and abroad.
Waist drum is a traditional form of Han people's encouragement widely spread in northern Shaanxi, especially in Ansai County in Yan 'an, Hengshan in Yulin and Mizhi. It is one of the most influential folk dances of Han people in Shaanxi. Ansai waist drum originated in Hengshan in Yulin. In the late Ming Dynasty, Ansai was sparsely populated due to famine and peasant uprising. Ansai people moved from Hengshan in Yulin and brought it to Ansai. Ansai waist drum is a unique large-scale dance art form of Han nationality, with a history of more than 2, years, and it is a national intangible cultural heritage. The unique charm of Ansai waist drum set off a wild gallop on the yellow land, and Hongkong showed its elegant demeanor all over China and attracted worldwide attention. Bold and rough movements and vigorous dancing fully reflect the simple and honest, brave and powerful personality and character of the people in the northern Shaanxi Plateau. Ansai waist drum can be performed by thousands of people together. As early as 1986, Ansai Waist Drum won the highest honor award in the first Chinese Folk Dance Competition. It performed in the opening ceremony of the 11th Asian Games, the celebration of Hong Kong's return to China, the National Day ceremony in 29 and other large-scale activities, and went to Japan, Germany and other countries to perform. [1]
Northern Shaanxi waist drum has a broad mass base and a long history of development. In some major areas, almost every village has a drum team and every family has a drummer. And passed down from generation to generation, enduring. It is precisely because of its long spread, wide range and large number of participants that the basic form and dynamic rhythm of dance are basically the same, but in different regions, they have formed their own different performance styles and customs. Ansai waist drum is one of the representative ones. [2]
Ansai waist drum has a long history. It was originally used by ancient military forces to increase their morale and transmit information. Here it is used to express the cheers of victory and the joy of harvest. Quite dense drumming, strong pace, changing battle positions and majestic shouting all show the masculine beauty of men, which is very famous in the world.
Social evaluation and display
The opening program of the large-scale literary evening of "Singing for the People" in p>212 was Ansai Waist Drum, which came from Yan 'an, the holy land of revolution, and was famous at home and abroad. [3]
Ansai waist drum, known as the "No.1 drum in the world", has a long history. During the revolutionary period, it was called the "waist drum of victory". The people in the revolutionary base areas danced the magnificent waist drum when they welcomed Chairman Mao and the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and celebrated the victory. At the 199 Asian Games in Beijing at the beginning of reform and opening up, Ansai's waist drum performance became a highlight at the opening ceremony, which has been praised so far. Ansai Waist Drum witnessed the changes of the times in China, and it was the opening program of the large-scale literary evening "Singing Songs for the People" held to commemorate the 7th anniversary of Comrade Mao Zedong's Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art.. [4]
Ansai waist drum
Ansai is located in northern Shaanxi. According to legend, in ancient times, Ansai guarded the Serbian soldiers, used waist drums to cheer when fighting, and used it to celebrate after winning. With the passage of time, waist drum has gradually become a kind of entertainment, especially during festivals, people celebrate the harvest with playing waist drum, adding festive atmosphere. Ansai waist drum participants are generally male. There are two forms. One is a road drum, that is, playing while walking, and the other is a ground drum, which is performed in squares, stages and designated places. Drummers wear sheep towels, tie red ribbons around their waists, tie drums around their waists, and hold mallets in both hands. Accompanied by big drums, gongs, brass cymbals and suona, they jump left and right, full of vigor and vitality, showing the enthusiasm of the Loess Plateau, which is the cohesion and outbreak of strength. [5]
Ansai waist drum originated from war or sacrifice, and later evolved into a folk entertainment of the Han nationality, which has a history of more than 2, years. Ansai waist drum can be played by several people to thousands of people, which is very spectacular. Ansai Waist Drum is one of Ansai's three wonders. In 1996, Ansai County was named "China Waist Drum Town" by the Ministry of Culture.