Mental illness refers to a variety of biological, psychological and social environmental factors, brain dysfunction, resulting in cognitive, emotional, volitional and behavioral mental activities such as varying degrees of disorders as the clinical manifestations of the disease.
Mental illnesses are generally divided into mild and severe categories.
Mild means that the patient has a certain degree of self-awareness of his or her mental abnormality.
Still able to control their own mental activities, can maintain the ability to adapt to the environment, such as neurosis.
The so-called heavy refers to the patient's own mental abnormality performance has no self-awareness, can not control their own mental activities, the loss of the ability to adapt to the environment, also known as psychosis , such as schizophrenia, manic-depressive disorder, and so on.
This distinction between severe and mild is also relative, and some severe mental illnesses often present with mild manifestations in the early stages.
In the early morning hours of January 4, 1991, Sanmao, who had long suffered from depression, was found hanged herself in the hospital.
On April 1, 2003, April Fool's Day, a generation of superstars, Leslie Cheung, leapt from the 24th floor of a hotel in Central, Hong Kong.
On the evening of September 16, 2016, Qiao died at his home in Shanghai at the age of 28 due to depression.
All along, whether at home or abroad, depression has made many stars or celebrities fall y into it and can not extricate themselves or even commit suicide, depression the word time and time again stimulated people's nerves.
In fact, depression is a common mental illness, and the probability of suicide in depression is relatively high.
Because so many celebrities suffer from depression, and depression is now generally accepted, people no longer find it stigmatizing.
Sometimes people use depression to express how uncomfortable they feel.
But Zhang Jinfang said, depression "hat" do not indiscriminately buckle to themselves, so how to determine whether they really have depression?
Zhang Jinfang further explained: "Depression is dominated by low mood, do nothing to play spirit, usually like to do things do not want to do, and obviously manifested in poor sleep, if this state lasts up to three months, it is likely to be suffering from depression, if it lasts up to half a year on the more serious, it is recommended to the hospital for treatment. "
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is better for treating depression.
Depression if the degree of seriousness must be treated with medication, depression belongs to the mental illness, but some people are not enough to diagnose is depression, in a state of depression, there are some characteristics of depression has been more obvious, these groups of people often have these characteristics:
Psychologists said that psychological problems are not equal to mental illness, pay attention to the distinction, the symptomatic treatment.
People in their daily lives will inevitably produce psychological problems due to a variety of trivialities, when the emergence of psychological problems is known as "general psychological problems".
"General psychological problems" are not resolved in a timely manner, and will gradually develop into "serious psychological problems".
If the problem is not solved at this point, it will evolve into a neurotic psychological problem, which, if not treated in time, will eventually lead to mental illness.
But not all mental illnesses are caused by psychological problems.
Mental illnesses generally have a slow progression, and in the early stages they are just psychological problems, psychological disorders, which are the easiest to treat.
Early detection, early formal and systematic treatment, most patients can recover, so once you find a family member with mental symptoms, you should go to a regular hospital for treatment.
In the normal population of mental health is divided into mental health state and mental unhealthy state.
In our reality, people in the black zone are already mentally ill and need to be hospitalized.
Before the black zone, there are some people in the gray zone, they did not reach the psychological anomaly, but the psychological state is extremely bad, negative emotions are very large, this kind of people belong to the psychological normal but has been in a state of mental health.
For example, the netizens called "garbage people".
"Garbage man" is a word that has been popular on WeChat for a long time, and it's a nickname for a group of people who have a lot of negativity in society.
This kind of people in the life of the problem love from the outside world to find the reason, pessimism and love to complain, full of frustration, anger, full of disappointment and dissatisfaction with the community, full of negative "garbage".
Along with the accumulation of negative emotions of the "garbage man", the interpersonal relationship will be problematic, and the psychological state will be problematic in the long run.
Zhang Jinfang analyzed that the generation of garbage people is inseparable from the social pressure.
In the transition period of China's society, the accelerated pace of life has intensified people's psychological pressure, and the confusion of values has made the self at a loss, and some people's values have been distorted.
Personal values are in conflict with social values, and they don't know what to revere.
Ancient people take a person's character as the evaluation standard, "a person with a letter to set up its own world", integrity should be the basic principle of being a person, in ancient times, even if you have a noble status, a large sum of money, a high official, if the moral character of the same will be despised by the world.
Nowadays, many people in our society put money first, but many people do not take it in the right way, and they are not gentlemen.
In order to make money, anything can be used to exchange.
People think that only by getting wealth can they take up all the social resources, get more people's recognition, and reflect their own value, while some people's value can not be reflected more easily become a "garbage man".
"There are some people in our lives who are in a gray zone, and the biggest work that counseling can do is to help this part of the population to recover a good state of mind as soon as possible, and not to make it go into the black zone, become a mental patient. "
Zhang Jinfang pointed out that this part of the people often have some of these problems:
First, their interpersonal relationships out of a little problem, such as parent-child relations, husband and wife, hierarchical relations to deal with bad, the psychological in a sub-healthy state, but does not meet the diagnostic criteria of mental illness;
Second, the mood of the long-term in a kind of anxiety, nervousness.
Their skies are gray and less colorful;
Third, they don't know who they are, have no sense of self-identity, don't know themselves, and have an uncoordinated ego.
For example, if people say they are fat today, they feel fat; if someone says they are thin tomorrow, they feel thin; there is no stable evaluation of oneself.
Zhang Jinfang reminds that if you feel that you are in an unhealthy state among normal people, you need psychological adjustment and self-awareness.
A mother's mental health can have a profound effect on a child's mental health.
So when a mother finds herself in an unhealthy state of mind, she must make timely adjustments or do spiritual counseling, so that she can love her child with all her heart and soul.
Zhang Jinfang pointed out:
"The child in 0-1 years old received enough love from the mother, later he will learn to love others, feel that they do not lack of love, and even the whole life feel that they are full of love."
"On the contrary if it does not receive enough love and is emotionally neglected, or even emotionally or physically abused, the child will be miserable throughout his life and will be prone to mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia."
According to research, it has been found that early on, when the mother-infant relationship is problematic at 0-1 years of age, the child is vulnerable to severe mental illness.
Experiments have been done in psychology, and all of a child's memories as a child are emotional memories.
If a mother, even if she doesn't say anything, can maintain a good emotional state, even if she is a mute mother who smiles at her child and plays with him, the child will be healthy.
Psychology has also done this experiment:
A mother was asked to act out a state of depression in front of her child, and after 3 days, her child had the same depressed face as the mother.
This experiment shows that children have a deep emotional memory.
So the mother-infant relationship is very important, and a good mother-infant relationship lays the foundation for the infant's mental health.
A poor mother-infant relationship is a prerequisite for many of the psychological problems that occur later in life.
A good mother is a safe place for the baby.
The happy experience of love in the infant stage is an important foundation for a person's mental health development, and is an inexhaustible mental health resource for a person's whole life, so we call on every mother to love her child 100%.
Zhang Jinfang said, mental illness and heredity is a certain relationship, when you find someone in your family suffering from mental illness to pay high attention to their own mental health.
"Instead of spending a lot of time trading your body for money it is better to spend more time focusing on your mental health and doing things that you can be happy about."
Zhang Jinfang reminded.
When it comes to the relationship between mental illness and heredity, Zhang Jinfang used a graphic analogy to explain:
Everyone is like a gun, and heredity is like the bullets inside the gun, some people have bullets, some don't have bullets.
When we think we might be the ones with bullets, with a genetic predisposition, we try to minimize the triggering events in our lives.
When life's great stresses sweep in, it's up to us to develop more social support.
We are less likely to be overwhelmed if we are faced with something and find a lot of support.
It could be said that an externally stressful event is the equivalent of a trigger, and the bullets inside are hereditary, and it's certainly best if you don't have bullets, and if you do have bullets you try not to pull the trigger.
So we need to be prepared, and in real life we should develop better social support systems, and good social support systems are the best way to deal with stress.
So it is also recommended that if you find yourself constantly plagued by inexplicable emotions and often have a bad relationship with those around you, it is best to seek professional counselors to help you understand what you have experienced since childhood.
A good life begins with a focus on mental health, and Zhang Jinfang has put forward a few suggestions for mental health:
First, we should raise our awareness of our own health, and prevent illnesses, and if we feel that we are in an unhealthy state of mind, we should self-adjust or seek the help of psychologists;
Second, we should establish the right values.
This is the first time I've ever seen a person with a high level of health problems.
When we are alive, we should think about how much we have paid for others and not how much we have gotten.
Look at the positive psychology of the book you will find that the more people pay the higher the sense of happiness.
A lot of people volunteer abroad when they are in a bad mood, and the value of looting can be reflected in the value of giving.
But a lot of people are plundering and demanding, think more about what we can pay for the people around us;
Finally, we recommend that we increase some healthy activities or develop a wide range of hobbies, such as outdoor sports, square dancing, playing tai chi, badminton, and so on.
Physical exercise can help people relieve psychological stress.
Interviewed by Zhang Jinfang
Master of Psychology, Clinical Psychological Counselor, Shanxi Mental Health Center, National Second Grade Psychological Counselor
Interviewed by Qin Changmei
Interviewed by Zhang Jinfang
An interview with Zhang Jinfang
This is the first time that I have seen a Chinese woman in the United States who has been in the United States for a while.