In the life of the Buyi, there are festivals in almost every month of the 12 months of the year. In addition to the Spring Festival, Ching Ming Festival, May Dragon Boat Festival, half of July, August 15, Mid-Autumn, September Chongyang and other festivals with the local Han Chinese people, there are also unique national characteristics of the February 2, March 3, April 8, June 6 and other festivals
What are the traditional festivals of the Buyei people are the Spring Festival, March 3, April 8, June 6, etc. In addition, there are Xingyi "the", "the", "the", "the", "the", "the", "the", "the", "the", "the" and "the". In addition, there are Xingyi's "Chabai" song festival, Anlong's "Maosugi" song festival, Qinglong's catch dry hole festival, Xingren's Rocket Festival, etc., all have national characteristics. The Miao people have festivals such as the Jingqiao Festival and the Mao Festival. Other ethnic minorities also have their own ethnic festivals.
Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is also a grand festival of the Buyi people, usually from New Year's Eve to the third day of the first month. Buyi children in the early morning of the first day of the year, all have to fight early to the well to pick "smart water". Some children are afraid of lagging behind others, stay up late, a hear
Buyei ethnic festivals are those? There are Spring Festival, March 3, April 8, June 6 and so on. In addition, there are Xingyi's "Chabai" song festival, Anlong's "Maosugi" song festival, Qinglong's catch dry hole festival, Xingren's Rocket Festival, etc., all have national characteristics. The Miao people have festivals such as the Jingqiao Festival and the Mao Festival. Other ethnic minorities also have their own ethnic festivals.
Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is also a grand festival of the Buyi people, usually from New Year's Eve to the third day of the first month. Buyi children in the early morning of the first day of the year, all have to fight early to the well to pick "smart water". Some children are afraid of lagging behind others, stay up all night, a hear
What are the festivals of the Buyei people? 1. Korean Korean festivals are basically the same as those of the Han Chinese. The main festivals of the year are the Spring Festival, Ching Ming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and so on. There are also three family festivals, namely, the first anniversary of the birth of a baby, the H? Chí Minh Festival (60th birthday), and the H? Chí Minh Festival (60th wedding anniversary). Whenever "Hui Jia Festival" and "Hui Marriage Festival", children, relatives, friends and neighbors will bless the old man and wish him a happy birthday.
2. Dong Festival varies from place to place, most of the areas used to have Spring Festival, and some areas choose a day in October or November to "celebrate the year of Dong". April 8 or June 6 is the festival of sacrificing cows, during which cows are rested and fresh grass and glutinous rice are offered. The Eat New Festival is celebrated in July on different dates, when new rice and fish are offered to ancestors in anticipation of a good harvest. When an old man dies, the man must shave his hair, and both men and women must draw water to bathe the corpse, and then dress up and contain silver in their mouths, avoiding copper and iron attachments. Filial piety during the mourning period to avoid meat and vegetarian, but can eat fish and shrimp. Burial in the earth. Believe in many gods, worship of natural objects.
3. Russian Easter and Christmas are the grand national holidays of the Russians, both originating from religion.
4. Oroqen The Oroqen people do not have many festivals, mainly the clan *** held in a year or three years, the shaman's rituals in the spring every year and the Spring Festival.
5. Alpine tribes Alpine tribes have a lot of rituals, such as: ancestral spirit festival, valley god festival, mountain god festival, hunting god festival, wedding festival, harvest festival and so on, to the five-year festival is the most grand. At that time, in addition to wine offerings, but also accompanied by a variety of cultural and sports activities, "Harvest Festival" on this day, the clan brought their own jar of wine to the scene, around the bonfire, dancing, eating and drinking, to celebrate a year's harvest of labor, held once a year.
6. Hani Tribe Hani Tribe festivals include the October Festival, the June Festival, the New Rice Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival.
7. Kazakhs The main festivals of the Kazakhs, like those of the ***rs, are the Gurbang Festival and the Meat Ceremony.
8. Han Chinese Festivals include the Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Chongyang Festival.
9. *** *** The traditional festivals are basically in line with the Han Chinese, and there are festivals such as Eid al-Fitr, Gurbang Festival, and Ghadr Night.
10. Manchu Traditional festivals include the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. During the festivals, traditional sports activities such as "pearl ball", horse jumping, camel jumping and ice skating are usually held.
11. Mongolian Mongolian festivals are mainly the Spring Festival, the festival of Ob, Luban Festival, Naadam Assembly and October 25 Lantern Festival, the anniversary of Mongolian Genghis Khan.
12. Miao The traditional festivals of the Miao people include the Miao New Year, April 8, Dragon Boat Festival, Eat New Festival, Catch the Autumn Festival, etc., of which the Miao New Year is the most solemn. The Miao New Year is equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han Chinese, and is usually held after the fall.
13. Tujia The Tujia have a lot of festivals, all of which are the traditional festivals of the Chinese nation should be with the joy *** music, and their own major festivals are the following: over the Catch the New Year, April 8, June 6, July half
14. *** Er *** Er traditional festivals are Meat Festival (that is, Eid al-Fitr), the Kurban Festival (that is, the Gurpang Festival) and Nowruz. The first two have their origins in the *** religion, and the dates are calculated according to the Islamic calendar, which moves from year to year, so that sometimes they fall in winter and sometimes in summer or other seasons. On festivals and happy days, the *** ethnic minorities hold various recreational and sports events, such as "Mezilev".
15. The main festivals of the Uzbek people are closely related to the *** religion, including the Sacred Discipline Festival, the Meat Festival and the Gurban Festival.
The last two festivals are especially grand.
16. Yao People Yao people have a lot of traditional festivals, there are more than 30 big and small festivals, among which the most characteristic ones are Panwang Festival, Renwang Festival and Bird Catching Festival.
17. Tibetan Tibetan festivals, almost every month there is a festival, and folk festivals and religious festivals are interspersed with each other. Since the founding of New China, more Tibetan festivals have added new content, such as "May Day", "June 1", "July 1", "eleven " are all. Traditional festivals in the Tibetan New Year, bathing festival, Xuedong Festival and Wangguo Festival is the most large-scale, the most distinctive.
18. Zhuang Zhuang festivals are many, some of which are closely related to religious activities, such as some of the Zhuang living in Yunnan, the first month of the lunar calendar sacrifices "old man hall", the second day of February to kill a pig sacrifice Longshan, the third day of March to sacrifice the God of Thunder, the May sacrifice of the dragon, ...... >>
What are the festivals of the Buyei people The Buyei people have many traditional festivals, in addition to the New Year's Day, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, etc. and the Han Chinese people are basically the same, "March 3", "April 8", "June 6" and other festivals are all the same. June 6" and other festivals have the inherent characteristics of the nation.
Buyei New Year's Day
The New Year's Day, according to Fangzhi, said that the Buyei people are "in November for the first year". It should be in this month, but now has been unified into the Spring Festival, the hard work of the compatriots of the Buyei people in the fall harvest began to prepare for the festival. At the end of the year, families are busy brewing wine, making glutinous rice, curing bacon, making blood tofu, or making new clothes. On the evening of the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, Buyi compatriots use maltose and other fruits made of glutinous rice to "send the God of the Stove" at home, asking it to report to the "Jade Emperor" to say more good words for people and give more blessings to the earth. After sending the stove, people should prepare incense, candles and other offerings to the god, please "Mr." write a pair, not only on the front door, even the side door, windows should be posted on the "prosperity of six animals" and so on, in order to show that people to the happy sign of a good life of yearning and praying for, in addition, many people also want to stick the god of the door, and the god of the door in the house, and the god of the door in the house. In addition, many people have to stick the door god on the front door, and paste all kinds of festive New Year's paintings on the wall of the house. New Year's Eve to sumptuous food and wine to ancestors, firecrackers, family vigil until the cock crows. On the first day of the first month of the daybreak, the girls are scrambling to pick the first water home, called "smart water"; the boys are scrambling to the land temple next to the rope to bring a small piece of stone placed in the corral, which means "six animals thrive.
During the New Year, young people are invited to go out "hammer tip"; middle-aged and old people congratulate each other on New Year's Eve, drinking together for fun. The first nine days called "on the nine"; according to local custom, to this day to "cook raw", that is, the first incense and candles, the raw meat for the ancestors, and then the raw chicken, raw since cooked, and then placed in front of the incense case for a time before you can enjoy. Some Buyei areas in the first month of the fifteenth after the New Year, but also in the first month of the thirtieth school "small year". During this period, some also held a variety of recreational activities, horse racing, stone throwing, copper drums, suona, song and dance, basketball and other competitions, the participants up to tens of thousands of people. Zhenning Biantan Mountain around the "play dragon" activities, intended to pray for the Dragon God bless the next year's agricultural harvest, everything auspicious.
Buyei March 3
is a traditional national holiday. The content of the festival varies from region to region. In Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, Madang area of the Buyi people, the annual lunar March 3 called "silkworms will" festival. According to the Buyei elders, after the beginning of spring, the silkworms jeopardize the crops and nibble the crops such as the grain seedlings. Therefore, on the third day of March, they will fry the good flower to the slope to sacrifice the silkworms. They ate the flowers while singing songs on the hillside, which is said to "charm" the ground ghosts, blocking their mouths, so that they can not bite the seeds and seedlings. Some areas will be this day as a day of sacrifice to the gods of society, mountain gods. As the (Qing) "South Cage Fu Zhi" said: "its custom every year on the third day of March slaughter cattle sacrificed to the mountain, each gathered to share the meat, men and women sieve wine, food flower glutinous rice," "three, four days, the cottage does not pass to come, the wrong person penalty." Therefore, the local people also known as the day for the "fairy song festival" or "ground silkworms will". A village or a few neighboring villages temporarily pooled funds to buy pigs, cows slaughtered for sacrifice, for the day of sacrifice, outsiders are prohibited from entering the village. On this day, the Buyei people want to eat three-color sticky rice, Guanling area to do Qingming Po, Buyei people in the western region of Guizhou Province to sweep the tomb, some areas on this day *** singing and playing, social activities.
Buyei April 8
Legend has it that this day is the birthday of the cow jade, so it is also called "Cow King Festival", "Shepherd Boy Festival. The first time I saw this, it was a very good day for me, and it was a very good day for me. Libo area in Guizhou, whenever this, the program to do black glutinous rice to the "cattle king"; Wangxi County to eat four-color glutinous rice; some areas not only to do glutinous rice but also to kill chickens and prepare wine ancestor, and fresh grass wrapped in glutinous rice to feed the cattle, give the cattle a bath, let the cattle rest for a day, expressed people's love for the ploughing of the oxen and rewards; individual areas will also be held in the bullfighting, Horse racing and other recreational activities, rice flower festival flower picking festival, also known as "daughter festival", is the traditional festival of the Tibetan people in Gansu Province, Wentian wrestling grant area. According to legend, the girl Lianzhi was intelligent, hardworking and wise. She taught people to cultivate the land and grow food, spinning and weaving, and pick the grass for the people to get rid of the disease, unfortunately in the May end of the day on the way to pick flowers in danger of martyrdom. In order to commemorate her, people will be the fourth of May as the "Flower Picking Festival". At that time, Tibetan girls in the company of brothers, have to go into the mountains to pick flowers. May spring breeze, flowers bloom everywhere, azalea, peony, structure to put, grass plum, mother-of-pearl, wine and other flowers compete, flowers such as the sea, songs such as the tide, is refreshingly fearful. The girls wore fragrant and colorful flower rings and held bouquets of flowers in their hands. Around the campfire and singing and dancing, all night long. At dawn, the girls were dressed up and danced while walking to say goodbye to Miss Lianzhi. When the flower-picking team entered the village, the Ai Lao townspeople warmly welcomed and entertained. The girls then gave ...... >>
Buyei people's customs, customs and habits of the introduction of the Buyei people hospitality, warmth, generosity, sincerity, all come to the cottage, friends and relatives, old friends, never know each other, all will be treated with wine. Buyi people are very polite, do not welcome foul-mouthed, rude guests.
Buyei families are living apart. But despite the separation of brothers, in the distribution of property, to leave the parents pension field, by brothers take turns to plow. After the death of their parents, the old-age field is turned into a grave field for the Qingming Festival tomb sweeping. So that the future generations will always remember the elders of the sincere advice and the grace of nurturing.
The costumes of the Buyi are very distinctive. Clothing is mostly green, blue and white colors. Men's clothing styles are basically the same everywhere, more than wrapped headgear, headgear has two kinds of stripes and pure green; clothes for the lapel short jacket, generally white outside the green or blue, pants for pants; older people wear big-sleeved short clothes or green, blue long shirt, feet wear cloth socks. The dress of modern Buyi women varies from place to place, with women wearing large-breasted short clothes and some wearing pleated long skirts. In the area of Biantan Mountain, where the Buyi people live, young girls like to wear short clothes with rolled edges, satin belts, brocade headkerchiefs, turbans with thick hair braids, brocade patterns and several rings of hair braids on their foreheads, and pants with embroidered shoes underneath. Young women wear batik pleated dresses, short clothes with slanting lapels, embroidered plate shoulders, embroidered with various kinds of floral threads along the shoulders into two rows of small squares with semicircular patterns, the collar ring on both sides of the throw flowers brocade, eye-catching colors; the middle of the sleeves is brocade, the upper and lower sections are batik; the hem of the clothes is about an inch of brocade edging, the chest wears a long embroidered or brocaded girdle, and wears a light-colored satin sash; they wear brocaded head scarves, and a bunch of juggling whiskers made of various colors of threads hangs from the ears. The headdress is a brocade turban with a bunch of juggling whiskers made of various colors of threads hanging from the ears. Married people's headdress to wear "more ko", made of bamboo shoot shells and cloth, shaped like a handful of skips, the front round after the moment. Every grand festival or banquet, women still like to wear a variety of earrings, rings, collars, hairpins and bracelets and other silver jewelry.
Marriage is practiced independently. When receiving the bride, they have to sing to each other, commonly known as the song of the sisters. The bride to the man's home on the evening of the day, to be held to sing the purse song and want to purse activities, there is a "night purse night song" said. Traditional festivals include March 3, April 8, June 6, Eat New Festival, and July 30th. "March 3" is the traditional grand festival of the Buyi people, the beginning of rice cultivation on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, to sacrifice the gods of the mountains, the gods of the land and the gods of the ancestors and the soul of the rice, and make five-color flowers of glutinous rice offerings; the area of Qianxinan Prefecture, the male and female youth to gather in the "Chabai song field" to play the mountain song, the participants reached thousands to tens of thousands of people. There are thousands to tens of thousands of participants. Many unmarried young men and women through the blowing wood leaves, song, acquaintance, love, life
Buyei people idle two meals a day, three meals when busy. To rice, corn as the main food, wheat, sorghum, potatoes and beans as a supplement. There are wooden pots, tripod pots cooking rice, oil stewed rice, rice (rice mixed with corn crushed, also known as rice), bracts poop, rice flour, two pieces of poop, pea flour, rice tofu and other colorful varieties. Among them, glutinous rice dumplings, flower rice and sesame oil dumplings are the most well-known, mostly used for ancestor worship or banquets.
Their meat comes mainly from domestic animals and poultry, and they also love to hunt squirrels, bamboo rats and bamboo worms. Cooking methods are mostly roasted, boiled, exploded, fried, pickled, frozen, and generally do not eat raw food.
The Buyei people are addicted to dog meat, there are fat sheep against the skinny dog said. VIP guests to home guests, kill the dog hospitality is a very high courtesy. They pick the dog's standard is the first yellow two black three flower class, white dog meat flavor is the most bland. Roasted stewed dog meat, dog sausage, Huajiang dog meat are famous party. Guizhou's Buyei people in case of marriage and funeral, like to use the yellow cow as a dish.
Cold vegetables, moss frozen meat, mixed peas and cold noodles, etc., is the Buyei people's favorite food. Sauerkraut and sour soup almost every meal must be, especially the women most like to eat. Most of the Buyi people are good at making pickles, cured meat and edamame, folk unique pickles salt and acid is famous in China and abroad. There are also blood tofu, sausage and dried and fresh bamboo shoots and various insects processed and made of flavorful dishes. Also good at modulation of bad spicy, spicy noodles and pickles, to the fresh and sour for the beauty.
Wine plays an important role in the daily life of the Buyi. Every year after the fall harvest, every family has to make a lot of rice wine and store it for drinking all year round. The Buyei people like to treat their guests with wine, no matter how much the guests drink, as long as the guests arrive, they will be the first to drink wine, called welcome wine. Drinking alcohol without cups and bowls, and to order guessing, singing.
There is a tea in the Buyei area that not only has a distinctive flavor, but also has a very nice name, which is the girl's tea. Qingming (traditional Chinese rituals, tomb-sweeping festival) on the eve of the girl on the mountain to retrieve the tip of the tender flavor, hot fried to maintain a certain degree of humidity, and then the tea leaves one by one stacked into a cone, sun-dried, and then processed, it is made into ...... >>
What are the Buyei Spring Festival customs and taboos Buyei, as one of the fifty-six ethnic groups. Has a rich national holiday and cultural traditions, they mostly live in Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and other provinces and autonomous regions. As a member of the Buyi in Guizhou, I y understand many cultural and living habits of the Buyi. The Buyei people living in Guizhou have many traditional festivals, such as "March 3", "April 8", "June 6" and other national festivals, and the Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Buyei people. The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Buyei people.
Buyei Spring Festival customs.
Here we are talking about the traditional rural Buyei family how to celebrate the New Year. The general family will start preparing for the New Year as early as possible, probably from the month of Lunar New Year (the twelfth month of the lunar calendar), first of all, from the preparation of some food to some behavioral activities of the taboos are in the ranks of the preparation, and these taboos are very careful. As an ordinary Buyi woman, learning to make rice wine is a must. In the dialect, rice wine is called "biang 35dang jiu". The raw materials used to make the wine are the crops produced by the Buyi people themselves, which generally include: rice, bracts, and sorghum (with rice being the main one). This kind of rice wine does not look much different from the ordinary white wine, but it tastes very good, and the mellow flavor will make you salivate. In addition, in the brewing process, if there is a neighbor to visit, must be newly brewed rice wine to share with the neighbors, in order to seek good luck, drinkers will generally say "your family's baked wine today ah, out of the wine jar can not be loaded to finish it," and other such words. At the same time, the amount of wine brewing can also symbolize the family's luck in the coming year, wealth and other aspects of the smooth reach, if the brewing of more than expected, the family in the coming year will be smooth, young and old, peace and so on. The brewing process takes a long time and is usually prepared at the earliest possible time. Then comes the tofu making (before mechanical devices, the Buyi used to grind it with traditional stone mills, which had to be pushed manually in between) so they used to call it pushing tofu or grinding tofu. Freshly made tofu in sour soup serves as a beautiful dish for the New Year's Eve dinner. However, most of the tofu is salted and cured with salt, and smoked with bacon, which becomes "dry tofu" that can be preserved for half a year. Dry tofu is also easy to eat, as long as it is boiled in water, sliced and prevented from being served on a plate, which has a delicious aroma and flavor. In the middle of the month of Lunar New Year, a variety of small food production begins. Generally, there are rice cakes, bait cakes (rice cakes), bract cakes (the raw material is glutinous corn), mochi cakes (made of glutinous rice), and rice noodles. Except for the bait cake and rice flour, which are sent to a processing house nearby, the patties and bract cake are made at home by traditional handmade methods. The hard-working Buyi people always prepare for a long time for the arrival of the Spring Festival, not for any other reason, but simply as a reward for a year of hard work. We have already mentioned the brewing of wine, how can you have wine without meat? The Buyi, who live off the land, of course don't buy meat like city dwellers, they have their own pigs, which are slaughtered before the New Year as a way of celebrating the New Year. Killing a New Year's pig is something almost all Buyi families do. It usually starts on the twentieth day of the Lunar New Year.
Buyei taboo.
You can only kill a New Year pig on odd-numbered days (except for the day of the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, because the God of the Vesta, the Bodhisattva, is going back to the sky for the New Year, and the killing of the pig is considered to be a foul and taboo). Neighbors are invited to help with the killing of the pig, and their friends and relatives are also invited to enjoy the delicacies of the pig-killing wine and share the joy of the year's harvest. In addition to setting aside some of the pork for New Year's Eve, most of the rest is marinated in seasonings to make bacon, which is smoked over a wood fire for more than ten days and stored for a very extended period of time. Bacon is not only a gift for friends, but also a top dish for the Buyei people when they have friends and relatives visiting them and cooking the fragrant old bacon. Buyei New Year's Performance In addition to preparing a variety of New Year's goods, the Buyei have many taboos in the Lunar and New Year's months, which, if not observed, will affect or even harm people, things and objects in the family. From the beginning of Lunar New Year, the home should be kept harmonious and quiet, especially can not do a lot of noise knocking, which will be considered dry to the ancestors home for the New Year's journey. Children are not allowed to cry during this period, which is also considered unlucky. Buyei called "first month taboo head, Lunar month taboo tail". And this is to send the next year's peace and prosperity. In the first month, generally the first day of the year to the fifteenth period, the processing room can not start the machinery and equipment, strong vibration is considered to have passed away disrespect. On the first day of the New Year, domestic water should be stored, can not be poured out, the living room and bedroom garbage can not be swept, if you do not do so, it means that the year's fortune are poured out or ...... >>
Buyei Customs Buyei
One of the larger ethnic minorities in southwestern China. The Buyei call themselves "Buyei", which is still pronounced differently in different parts of the world due to differences in dialectal sounds. Historically, the Buyei have been called by different names, but in the old documents, they were mostly called "Zhongjia". 1953, according to the will of the nation and their own name, they were collectively called the "Buyei". They mainly live in the two Buyi Miao Autonomous Prefectures of Qiannan Tucu and Qianxi Tucunan in Guizhou Province, as well as in parts of Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan. In the past, they did not have their own writing system, but always used the Chinese language. In 1956, China *** created the Pinyin writing system in the Latin alphabet for the Buyi. The culture and art of the Buyi are colorful. Traditional dances include the Copper Drum Dance, the Weaving Dance, the Lion Dance, and the Sugar Bun Dance, etc. Traditional musical instruments include the suona, the moonflower, and the moonflower. The traditional musical instruments include suona, moon zither, cave xiao, wooden leaf, flute and so on. Ground Opera and Lantern Drama are the favorite dramas of the Buyi people. The Buyi are mainly agricultural, mainly growing rice. Buyei cloth, which is woven by the farmers themselves, has been famous for a long time. In recent years, enterprises specializing in the production of Buyi brocade, batik cloth and ethnic craft clothing have been established, and their products are exported to Southeast Asia, Japan, Europe and the United States.
History of the Buyi People
The Buyi people have a long history. The Buyei originated from the ancient "Puyue people". The ancient books recorded in the "Yi Yue", "Yi Pu", "Yi Bong", etc., are the different titles of the ancient Buyi ancestors. The Records of the Grand Historian and the Book of Han record them as the main body of the ancient "South China" regional state and the Yelang State. Ancient "Luoyue land", i.e. the present-day South and North Panjiang River and Hongshui River Basin area, is precisely the area inhabited by the present-day Buyi people. In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States to the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the Buyi were in slavery. Sui and Tang dynasties, the rise of feudal lord economy, Yuan and Ming dynasties, the implementation of the Tusi system; the Qing Dynasty, "land reclassification", the feudal landlord economy has been developed. Buyei social organization, there are "clan system", "negotiation hammer system", "Zhaolao system" and so on, which originated from the ancient clan management system, is the inheritance and development of the ancient democracy, but also has the characteristics of class society. They are the inheritance and development of the ancient democratic system, and at the same time have the characteristics of class society. Since 1951, the areas inhabited by the Buyi people have successively established autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties and ethnic townships, creating extremely favorable conditions for the comprehensive development of the Buyi areas.
The Buyi have their own language. In their daily lives, people generally use the Buyei language to communicate, and many people speak Chinese as well. The Buyi language belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Zhuang-Dong language family of the Sino-Tibetan language family, and it is divided into three native language areas according to the differences in speech and vocabulary, namely, the Qiannan native language area, the Qianzhong native language area, and the Qiuxi native language area (or called the first, second, and third native language areas). Before the establishment of New China, the Buyi did not have their own common script, but there was a kind of symbols similar to square characters created with Chinese characters or the "Six Books" method of creating characters, which were used to record religious classics, and were called the Buyi "Tujiazhi". After the establishment of the new China, in 1957, the creation of the Latin alphabet as the basis for the pinyin script, trial implementation to date.
The Buyei have been known as the "rice nation", and Sima Qian's "Records of the Grand Historian" described them as "buns, plowing fields, and having euphoria". Rice farming has always been its prominent economic characteristics, rice culture is an important symbol of the culture of the ancient Yue people, and is still a prominent cultural feature of the production and life of the Buyei people.
Habitat
The villages of the Buyi are located on the mountains and by the water, and they are mostly inhabited by people with the same family name, usually a dozen or tens of households for a village, and some of them are hundreds to hundreds of households. Most of the dwellings are made of wood as the main structure, and there are "dry-fence" type buildings, cottages and slate houses, and the slate houses are very characteristic of the local area. Dry bar "footstool" is mostly a 3-bedroom, 3-story bamboo and wood structure, the bottom floor is not walled, using wood as a fence to keep livestock, the middle layer of bamboo weaving around, used to live in; the upper layer of miscellaneous goods. The side of the house with a bamboo balcony, straight through the floor, can be cool, sunshine. Live in Pingba, most of the short-walled courtyards. Anshun, Zhenning, Guanling, Puding and Liuzhi area, due to the abundance of green stone, housing from the foundation to the wall are built with stone, the roof is also covered with slate, commonly known as "slate house". Coupled with the stone wall of the cottage and the top of the stone fort, forming a typical stone building complex. Typical such as the Bianzhanshan stone cottage, all housing and cottage walls, old fort, cottage passages, as well as flat bridges across the river, arched bridges, terraces, etc., all with stone construction; even household utensils, such as pestles, mills, pots and pans, grooves, tanks, etc., are all made of stone, showing the unique craftsmanship of the people of the Buyei ethnic group.
Folk Literature
Buyei folk literature has myths, poems, fables, proverbs and so on. Folk music can be divided into three categories: folk songs, instrumental music and opera music. Folk songs include mountain songs, wave whistle songs, wine songs, big songs, small songs, narrative songs, ritual songs and so on. Wave whistle song, is the Buyi young men and women in the "wave whistle" (also known as "catch the table", "sitting table", is to talk about love a social activity) ...... >>
What are the customs of the Buyi? Buyei living customs I. Buyei living environment
Buyei villages, more built in the mountains along the water, back of the mountains, forests and trees covered, large fields and dams, rich water sources, fertile land.
The Buyei people build villages and villages, in addition to choosing the natural beauty, but also has a good tradition of planting flowers and fruits in the village, in front of the house, planting bamboo and trees, especially like to plant the ginkgo tree - bilberry tree, almost every village has several thousands of years of bilberry tree, known as the "village tree", "God", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree", "tree" and "tree". "
Buyi is the first to be able to use it.
The Buyei people since ancient times is a gathering, gathering and living, that is, a village dozens of households, hundreds of households are almost all a family name, the same clan. Heterogeneous, heterogeneous surnames and living in a very small number of cases. For example, Wang's surname in Bowang, Dayan, Dazhai and Dalin of Stone Township; Huang's surname in Yangliuzhuang of Shuangliu Township; Luo's surname in Shuitouzhai, Wanggou and Shiqipo of WoFeng Township; Chen's surname in Wangche; Cheng's surname in Dianzhai; Yao's surname in Majiaping, Xiaba, Xiangshu and Wearing Cave of Longguang Township; Chen's surname in the area of Hewan; Meng's surname in Gaoxan of Xiaoshan of Whistling Township; Zhang's surname in Dazhai of Dazhai of Dazhizhou of BaZi Township; Luo's surname in Xinzhai and Miao-zhai; Mo's surname in Cedarwood Chong and Dengka; Wei's surname in Abinguan of ShuiKou Township; Lu's surname in Linpo; and Wei's surname in Dazhai of Shuangliu Township. The Lu family name in Linpo; the Ban family name in Banjiayuan, Wengzhao Township, and so on, are all the same.
Second, the Buyei housing architecture
Buyei housing is generally north-south, good light, long sunshine, foundation stone and step dam with fine drilling lapis lazuli masonry paving, detailed, flat, carved with flowers, trees, birds, or Fu, Luk, Luk, Shou, Hei characters.
The Buyei ancient architecture for the "dry fence" wooden house, divided into two layers, people live on it, the animals off its bottom. Upstairs, the aisle is decorated with "car wood" around the form of vertical or format, also carved with bird and flower patterns.
The modern Buyei housing has wood-paneled houses, brick and wood structure, reinforced concrete material building, there are cottages, there are also buildings. Housing and stables sub-built, generally by the main room, compartment combination, the main room in the center, generally three, five, the larger for seven, nine, choose a single taboo double, pay attention to symmetry. The two sides of the main house with compartments or stables, the shape of the "triad", the family surplus family, the front also brick walls, or stone walls, building walls, plus with the "door", the shape of the "quadrangle".
The center of the main house is called the "hall", which is one-third of a wall set up a "shrine", paste the ancestral tablets, and offer sacrifices to the ancestors here on New Year's holidays. "Hall" does not live in people, prohibit the placement of dirty objects, are not allowed to spit in the hall, changing clothes, usually do not open the door. Each room outside the hall is divided into two rooms, called the "inner room" and the "outer room," with the "inner room" for family members to live in and the "outer room" for family members to live in. The "outer room" receives guests, or set up a fire hall, so it is also called the "guest room", the upstairs of the room is always available for guests to store, designed for guests to stay.
Buyei living customs and etiquette
First, diet
Kaiyang County, Buyei area is rich in rice, so rice is the main food, part of the local rice, bracts and half. There are millet, sorghum, sweet potatoes, taro, Joe wheat and other side crops.
Buyei people to glutinous rice, glutinous food for the treasures, Chinese New Year festivals to play hundreds of pounds, or even two or three hundred pounds of glutinous rice, do hundreds of pounds of "flooded bad wine", but also the production of glutinous rice noodles, poi, poi piece, rice flowers, fried rice, etc., standby year-round, gift-giving is also valuable to the glutinous rice products. Like to drink self-made rice wine or bud wine, this wine is low and not light, taste mellow, sex long, in addition to the history of individual periods, home brewing year-round, Sheng to the altar, drink to the bowl.
Diet and habits are similar to those of the Han Chinese, except that they make good use of "hot pots" and enjoy eating dog meat; when guests come to their homes, even if they have meat and vegetables, they have to slaughter a chicken to show their respect. Various colors of dried vegetables, sauerkraut, pickles, etc., its color, aroma and taste unique.
Guizhou less Buyei festival to eat what a festival of the main food is flower glutinous rice
Buyei in the annual lunar calendar, "February 2", "March 3", "April 8 "Dragon Boat Festival," "June 6," "July 30," Mid-Autumn Festival and other grand festivals, many Buyei people use maple leaves, yellow rice flowers, dyeing dandan flowers and other kinds of plant branches and leaves to dye the glutinous rice into colorful, to make flowers and glutinous rice to entertain guests and give to friends and relatives. and give it to their friends and relatives.
Second, the diet:
Buyei people to rice, corn as the main food, wheat, sorghum, potatoes and beans as a supplement. There are wooden pots, tripod pots cooking rice, stewed rice, two rice (rice mixed with corn crushed, also called bao gu rice), bao gu po, rice flour, two pieces of po, pea flour, rice tofu and other colorful varieties. Among them, glutinous rice dumplings, flower rice and sesame oil dumplings are the most well-known, mostly used for ancestor worship or banquets.
Third, the special diet of the Buyi
Meat mainly comes from livestock and poultry, but also love to hunt squirrels, bamboo rats and bamboo worms. Cooking methods are mostly burning, boiling, popping, frying, pickling, freezing, and generally do not eat raw food.
Wine occupies a very important position in the daily life of the Buyi. Every year after the fall harvest, families have to brew a lot of rice wine and store it for drinking all year round. The Buyei people like to treat their guests with wine, no matter how much the guests drink, as long as the guests arrive, they will be the first to drink wine, called welcome wine. Drinking alcohol without cups and bowls, and to order guessing, singing.
The traditional snacks of the Buyei people are many, and they are good at making rice flour, two pieces of rice flour, pea flour, rice tofu, etc. The Buyei people are generous and hospitable. Buyei hospitality, characterized by the annual lunar calendar "February 2", "March 3", "April 8", Dragon Boat Festival, "June 6 ", "half of July", Mid-Autumn Festival and other grand festivals, many Buyei people use maple leaves, yellow rice flowers, dyed dandan flowers and other plant branches and leaves to dye the glutinous rice into colorful, to do flower glutinous rice to entertain the guests and sent to friends and relatives.