"Grass by the Green River" is a literati five-character poem produced in the Han Dynasty. The poem utilizes the third person writing style to write about the young woman's longing for love and the ordinary life of husband and wife clinging to each other and even raising their eyebrows.
The Grass by the Green River
The grass by the green river, the willow in the lush garden.
The woman upstairs, bright as a window.
The woman's makeup is red, and her hands are slender.
In the past, I was an advocate for the family, but now I am a slut.
The slut never returns, and the empty bed is hard to keep.
Translation of "Grass by the Green River"
The grass by the river is green, and the willows in the garden are luxuriant.
On the upper floor, the beautifully groomed woman stood in front of the window, her white skin comparable to the bright moon.
The woman was beautifully dressed and stretched out her slender fingers.
She was once a brothel girl, but now she is the wife of a ranger who likes to roam around.
Her wandering husband has not yet returned, and it is hard to bear the loneliness alone in this empty house!
Notes on "Grass on the Green River"
Yul: lush.
Yingying: beautiful posture.
bright: bright, white. Lattice (yǒu): the window between the room and the hall in ancient architecture. The order of the ancient courtyards from outside to inside is door, court, hall, room, after entering the door is the court, after the court is the hall, after the hall is the room. The door of the room was called "hou", the window between the room and the hall was called "lattice", and there was another window on the north side of the room called "xiang". In ancient times, "window" refers to the skylight on the roof, the window on the wall is called "lattice", and later referred to the window in general.
E'e: "Dialect": "Between Qin and Jin, beauty is called E."
Chang's daughter: "Shuowen": "Champion, music is also refers to the song and dance prostitutes."
Dangzi: that is, "swimmer", "Liezi" said: "someone cloud country cloud travel in the four directions and do not return, the world is called for the wild swinger also" can be proved.
Appreciation of Green Riverside Grass
The poem describes a slice of life, roughly as follows: the heroine of the poem is independent of the head of the building, the body is full, such as the wind by virtue of the virtual; she leaned on the window when the Xuan, light shining, bright as the moon in the light clouds; she is red makeup and dress, dressed very attentively; she is a carving of the teeth like a delicate hands, holding the window pane, in a long time, the window, the window, the window, and the window. She looked at the riverbank of the garden, the grass was green and stretched to the distance, "the grass by the river is green and stretches to think of the distant road; the distant road wants to be where it is, and she has dreamed of seeing it in the past" (Ancient Poetry), and it turned out that her eyes, along with the color of the grass, were tracing the footsteps of the people who traveled to the far away past days; she saw the lush willow in the garden, from which she had once come to see the willow, and she was very happy with the way it looked. She saw the lush weeping willow in the garden, from which she had once broken branches to give, hoping that the willow threads could "keep" the hearts of those who traveled far away. It turns out that the color of spring once a year has once again aroused her hope of reunion and stirred up her youthful feelings. Hope, in the hope of once again returned to disappointment, love, in the waiting into a sadness. She can not help but think back to the waves of life, she, an advocate of the girl, it is not easy to break free from the happy scene of tears and songs of the restraints, to find a pleasant gentleman, I hope to live a normal life; however, why the creation of such a man, she can not help but cry in her heart: "far away from the swinger, why do not you come back to the cold, empty bed, how to tell me to keep it alone!
The poem is set in such a mundane slice of life that has been repeated countless times, and uses only the mundane chapters of the scene, the mundane language of "Xiu Cai Speaks Common Words" (Xie Hazel's words); however, the rhythm is not mundane. To be able to see the extraordinary realm in the ordinary is this poem, but also the nineteen ancient poems that the descendants carved and engraved can not reach the subtle.
The poem is a lyric, a verse that can be sung, and the only one in the Nineteen Poems that uses third-person narration.
The structure of the poem seems to be straight, but there is an elegance in the straightness, and it is very natural to have the contrast between reality and falsehood, and the contrast between positive and negative. The center of the poem is, of course, the beauty of the building, the grass and willow smoke, is what she sees in the lookout, but the poet - he may be an outsider who happens to see the beauty, or he may be the faraway swinger - envisioned on behalf of her, then naturally from far and near, from the grass outside the garden, to the garden willow smoke, more convergence of To the willow smoke in the garden, more convergence to a point, the center of the garden, the tall building head. Nature's youth, for the young woman's youth as a companion; green grass and blue willow for the colorful red makeup accompaniment, beautiful to the extreme. And only too beautiful, so the end of the sudden sadness is extraordinarily touching, but also just read the poem to this point, to further realize that the beginning of the full of vitality of the grass and trees, has long been smeared with the young woman's dream-like sadness. This is what is often referred to as the extra flavor of the Nineteen Songs. If analyzed by the poetic method of later poets, it forms a structure of contrasting before and after, with the first and the last corresponding to each other. However, the poem in the simple rhyme, so that people can not help but feel that the poet does not necessarily make such a clever construction, he, just for her to envision the development of her feelings for the ups and downs of the clues, one by one to write, the feelings of the natural twists and turns, the formation of the structure of the poem's natural twists and turns.
The language of the poem is not strange, just use the folk song commonly used superlatives, and used six in a row, but relevant and vivid. Green and lush, the same is to describe the vitality of the plant luxuriant, but green focus on the color, lush and heavy mood, and the two are not easy to each other. Willow pile of smoke, before the feeling of lush, riverside grass color, stretch and go, is difficult to become a lush state, and such as only a green willow, but also not enough to exhaust its mood. Ying Ying, bright, are written beauty style, and Ying Ying focus on posture, bright heavy in style, from Ying Ying and bright, as the moon from the clouds out of the step that is hidden to the feeling of freshness, try to successively change each other, will feel the weight is not appropriate. E'e and fiber is the same write its appearance, and E'e is the general praise, fiber is the details of the delineation, not easy to each other. The six superimposed words are not cut, from the periphery and the center, from the overall and local, from the hazy and clear, baked and portrayed the image of the upstairs woman's perfection, here of course, there is a certain . Refinement of choice, but all according to the process of the poet's distant or suspenseful thinking by turn. Perhaps it is because of the natural unfolding of the hierarchy of the imagination, it is more helpful at that time is still the creation of five poets vocabulary with such apt, do not see traces of carving, such as camping in the air to position the rhetoric, the effect may not be so good.
This is the so-called "showman's talk".
The tone of the six superimposed words is also rich in natural beauty, the beauty of change. Green is flat, Yuyu is oblique, Yingying is flat, turbid tone, bright and oblique, clear tone; E'e, slender is flat, and a turbid a clear, flat and oblique and turbid reflection intricate, forming a piece of Gongshang, harmonious and beautiful. At that time, the sound law has not yet discovered, the poet just according to the intuition of the voice of heaven, no wonder Zhong Rong "Poetry" to say "bees waist and cranes knees, Luli already have". This is out of the natural tone of voice, so that the syllables of the poem in the fluent ups and downs still have a kind of rustic flavor, fine distinction, since it can be seen with the difference between the later tone of the law.
The combination of sound, shape, and two aspects of the six superimposed words gives a rich variety of changes in the monotony of the superimposed words. This change in the monotony, is fascinating to convey the heroine's lonely and dazzling image, lonely and disturbed voice of the heart.
Needless to say, the poet will not know personalization, typology and other aesthetic principles, but the affectionate faraway look or suspense, the love of the heart, so that he wrote exactly the heroine's personality and typical significance. This is an advocate of female, long years of singing and laughing career, the sensitivity of the music, so that she is particularly vulnerable to the beauty of the spring in the color and sound of the titillation, excitement. She is not the naive aristocratic girl who knows no sorrow in Wang Changling's poem "Complaints of a Lady". She went up the stairs with her make-up, at the beginning, because she was afraid of losing her happiness again, and she was looking forward to the pedestrians, and her red make-up was not to compete with the beauty of the spring colors, but only for the sake of Izumi, and she was thinking that he would come back to see the most beautiful face of her. Therefore, the moment she appeared on the scene, she was shrouded in a bleak grass, weeping willow in a sad atmosphere. She suffered too much, too much hope, disappointment is also too heavy, the heavy pressure of the heart, so that she burst out "empty bed is difficult to keep alone" this silent but naked passionate cry. This is not "regret to teach my husband to look for a feudal lord" type of delicate euphemism, but only, and can only be the advocate of the woman's frankness. But only because of its nearly no complaint of the lonely cry, only with its bright beauty, forming a very strong contrast, with the power to shock people's hearts. The poet in the natural and frank description, shows the personality of the advocate of the girl, but also through her so that readers can see in the popularity of eunuchs and hope for the end of the Han Dynasty, a generation of middle and lower class women's tragic fate - although this personalized typicality, in the poets hold the pen at the time, will not even think about it.