1. Soviet leader Bukharin
2. German chemist Emil Fischer
1. Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, early party and state leader of the Soviet Union, a famous theorist.
Born on October 9, 1888 in Moscow.
He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) in 1906 while studying at Moscow University, and in 1908 became a member of the Moscow Committee of the RSDLP
. He was arrested and exiled several times, and after 1911 he went into exile in many European countries, where he continued to engage in revolutionary
revolutionary activities. He assisted Lenin in the publication of Pravda and published a series of articles, and disagreed with Lenin
on the question of the state and the nation.
Sponsored the New World newspaper in New York in 1916.
Returned to China after the February Revolution of 1917, and was elected a member of the Party's Moscow Committee, a member of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Soviet, a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and a member of the Party's Central Committee.
Participated in the Moscow Armed Uprising. After the victory of the October Revolution, he served as editor-in-chief of Pravda for a long time, and in the spring of 1918, he led the "leftist ****productivist bloc" in opposition to Lenin's decision on the signing of the peace treaty of Brest, and in March 1919, he was elected as an alternate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of Russia and a member of the Executive Committee of the International Communist Party of Russia. member of the Executive Committee. He took a "buffer" position in the dispute between Lenin and Trotsky over the trade unions, and was elected a member of the Politburo in May 1924, where he was the main interpreter and theorist of Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP). After Lenin's death, he sided with Stalin and played an important role in defeating the "New Opposition" and the
Toady League.
In the summer of 1928 Bukharin advocated a reduction in the rate of industrial development, a postponement of the movement to collectivize agriculture, and opposed
extraordinary measures in the countryside. These views were regarded as opposition to the party's general line of prioritizing the development of heavy industry, and were criticized by the UN***(B) Central Committee
and Stalin.In 1929 Bukharin was successively removed from the posts of editor-in-chief of Pravda, member of the Executive Committee of the ****Productivity International, and a member of the Central Politburo
In 1931 he became a member of the Supreme Council of the National Economy.In 1934 he became the editor-in-chief of the Kommersant. In 1936 he was a member of the drafting committee for the new constitution of the USSR, and in 1937 he was expelled from the party, and on March 14, 1938, he was executed for treason together with Li
Kov and 16 others.
In February 1988, the Supreme Court of the USSR vindicated Bukharin, and in July, the Central Supervisory Board of the Soviet **** chapter cloth for Bukharin
restored party membership. His major works include The World Economy and Imperialism, Economics in Transition, Notes of an
Economist, and Lenin's Political Will.
2. Emil Hermann Fischer (1852-1919)
Emil Fischer was a famous German chemist and the winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1902. He was born on October 9, 1852
. He came from a rich family, and his father was a famous tycoon in the city of Uschi. He was a diligent student from childhood, and at the age of seventeen
had graduated first in the matriculation course of the University of Bonn, from which he was transferred in 1872 to the University of Strasbourg
where, after three years of hard work, he became the youngest Doctor of Philosophy ever to be awarded by that university. For this matter, the superintendent of the university
at the time made a special public announcement at the graduation ceremony, "It is now 307 years since the founding of our university in 1567, and this
year has produced the youngest doctor of philosophy." "
The youngest doctor" has since become a term of endearment for Fisher.
Fisher had a strong interest in chemistry. His mentor, Prof. von Beyer, was a leading authority on organic chemistry in Germany at the time
Fischer turned down offers to become a professor at many universities after graduation, preferring to follow von Beyer as an assistant professor at the University of Mu
Nihey. Fisher studied under von Beijer for several years and did not leave until the summer of 1882. His teacher had encouraged him in his parting words, "You are more accomplished in organic chemistry than I am; go out on your own?
"Fisher, however, said, "No, you will always be my teacher, and I will always remember your teachings and contribute to science.
"
Fisher, whether teaching at the University, or working in the Institute, he was meticulous about his work, every kind of research
, he had to get a waterfall. He has studied uric acid, protein and ellagic acid, have had promising results. It's no wonder
that many people at the time said, "Take any chemical solution out of Fisher's chemistry lab and you
could open a big factory." His cousin Otto Fisher produced the world-famous cathrin dye and triphenylmethane
ane, the result of his research. Ammonia (ammonia) was also extracted from coking under his direction. It was for
this that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
In World War I, he was already a recognized authority on chemistry in Germany, and his research helped Germany start
the war, which was contrary to his desire for peace, and his son died in the war, so during the war period,
he was always depressed, and died on July 15, 1919, with the world. In his honor, the people cast a bronze statue of him
which is still erected in the square of the Wanghee Chemical Laboratory where he worked for 25 years.