The drunkenness of the imperial concubine originated from Drunk Yang Fei, a Peking Opera play during the Qianlong period, which was carefully carved by Mei Lanfang, a Peking Opera master, and is one of the classics of Mei School. This drama tells the story of Yang Yuhuan's drunken attitude of enjoying love and his tenderness for the emperor.
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History of the Repertoire:
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The plot of the Peking Opera Drunk Imperial concubine can be traced back to Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow.
According to the textual research of Xu Jichuan, an art researcher and drama critic of Mei School, Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady originated from the legendary Jane in the late Ming Dynasty. Some scholars believe that it originated from the legendary Palace of Eternal Life in the early Qing Dynasty, and the lyrics and ostentation of the eighteen novels Night Complaints in Palace of Eternal Life are different from those in Drunk, but the basic plot is similar.
In the Chronicle of Chinese Peking Opera, Mr. Wang Zhizhang verified the source of drunkenness: July of the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), "Huahong Opera, a Chinese opera, came to Beijing from Hubei and joined Ziyun. The first performance of Yang Fei Drunk was the beginning of drunkenness."
As for the stage play Drunk Imperial concubine, one view holds that the play originated from the Kunqu opera Drunk Yang Fei. Another view is that when Huiban entered Beijing and Han Hui merged, Wu Liqing, a China opera artist with the stage name Yue Hong, performed China's drama "Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady" in Sixi Class of Huiban in Beijing, and the Peking Opera "Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady" was adapted from then on.
According to Ye Muqiu 1936 "On Drunkenness and Jogging", Yu first performed drunkenness on stilts and then narcissus. Walking on stilts gradually became the only way to perform the play at that time. Later, Lu performed the blues style of Beijing opera, and others also adopted this method one after another.
Adaptation process:
Since then, Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady has formed several completely different plays from Lu to Mei Lanfang and Yu. The first is Mei Lanfang's acting skills of Tsing Yi Mei School. In the early days, Mei Lanfang performed the play in Lu's way, but the stilts were cancelled. Cheng worshipped Mei Lanfang in his early years and acted in this play, which is basically Mei Lanfang's acting skills. Later, Zhang Junqiu, one of the four famous artists, studied Mei Lanfang's later performance methods.
The second is the Hua Dan School founded by Yu. After his death, his disciples performed this drama in Gansu Peking Opera Troupe, and still maintain the traditional way of walking on stilts (Qinghai TV Station 1985). After Chen Yongling's death, the Shinohara School became very famous. In addition, there is Xun Huisheng's Xunpai acting skills. 1922 has the records of EMI company, and 1930 has the records of Greater China company, but no corresponding film and television materials were left, and no disciples inherited it. It is said that the version of Xun School is "the meaning of drunkenness is not wine".
The early performance of "Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady" had a lot of pornographic elements and a vulgar style. The original drama hyped Yang Guifei's lust and flirted with eunuchs through drunkenness. This is also one of the important reasons why "old operas" such as Beijing Opera have been criticized by the "New Culture Movement".
From 19 14, when the play was first performed in Beijing, to 1955, when it was filmed in Beijing Film Studio, Mei Lanfang insisted on starting with the emotional changes of the characters, corrected their non-artistic tendency from an aesthetic point of view, and abandoned the vulgar elements in the play. Mei Lanfang's "Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady" was redefined as "a wonderful dance to expose the inner feelings of oppressed women in the court".
In 2006, Li Yuru, a Peking Opera performance artist, published Learning, Inheritance and Development-I Play the Drunken Princess, which mentioned the adaptation of the appearance and stage scheduling of Drunken Princess, and kept the three "lying fish" when Yang Guifei was drinking, the two-waist action of bending over after drinking three times, and the figure of Yang Guifei wearing a eunuch hat for Gao Lishi after being drunk.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guifei Drunk