Chinese New Year:
In Chinese New Year, on New Year's Eve, chickens are slaughtered, rice and meat are fed to dogs, and the head of a pig is used to worship Zaojun, then ancestors are sacrificed. On the first day of the first vegetarian, do not go out, the whole family with poop, vegetables, wine and other things to the ancestors' graves to pay homage. On the second day of the month, they wash their heads and feet. On the third day of the lunar month, the whole village is dedicated to the same activity, and in some places, only men are allowed to participate in the festival. The purpose of the festival is to pray for the prosperity of people and animals and a good harvest. From the first to the fifteenth are not labor, play at home, the youth with the custom of singing or archery and other recreational activities.
Stick will:
Naxi agricultural festival, later evolved into the exchange of bamboo and wood farming equipment for the festival, also known as the old meeting. Whenever the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, the Naxi people will gather in various market towns to exchange production materials in preparation for spring plowing. In the evening, each family will eat Lantern Festival and go to the street to watch singing and dancing performances.
Small year:
Small year is the festival of the Naxi people in Yongning, Ningwu Yi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, also known as the year of cattle and horses, held on the 12th day of the 11th month of the lunar calendar every year to reward the hard work of the shepherd boy for a year. At that time. The children can get new clothes and pants sewn by their parents and some food, the food are. A pig's front feet, two pig ribs, as well as eggs, pasties, fine poi, ghee, fruit candy and so on. Children who herded animals for other people could also get the same gift in the boarding house. During the festival, songs, dances and horse races brought joy to everyone. In the horse race, also known as the "running of the cans", the first rider to reach the destination has the honor of drinking the first can of wine. Currently, children are organized to watch movies and carry out various recreational and sports activities, adding new content to the ancient festival.
Torchlight Festival:
The Naxi Torchlight Festival, which is held for three days in June 25, 26 and 27 of the old lunar calendar, is a grand festival of the Naxi people, second only to the Spring Festival. On the first day of the Torch Festival, people choose a good and long pine wood, split into thin strips, the center with flammable pine Ming, bundled into a torch. In the evening, the torches are lit in front of each house, and on the second day, the torches are generally higher than those on the first day. The third day is the culmination of the festival, and the torches are tied high, large and beautifully decorated. All corners are illuminated in order to brighten up the crops, destroy pests and wish for a good harvest. People hold the torches high and sing and dance all night long.
Farming Tools:
Lijiang Farming Tools on the 15th day of the first lunar month, and Baisha Farming Tools on the 20th day of the first lunar month are traditional festivals of the Naxi people. It marks the climax of the Spring Festival activities, but also the end of this festival and the beginning of the new year's preparations for farming production. Baisha agricultural tools will be called "Baisha Temple" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Naxi language called "Baisha Tangmeikong stick", meaning "Baisha Dabaojiaogong open door". Is the Ming Dynasty building "large treasure Jaguar Palace", "Liulidian", "Dadingge" and other temples once a year to open the door. The main purpose is to allow people to enter the incense and worship Buddha. Nearly half a century, into the exchange of agricultural equipment-oriented festivals, so people are truly called "Baisha agricultural equipment will be". At that time, farmers from neighboring counties have come here to buy and sell agricultural tools and horses, the rush will be lively.
Beiyue Temple:
Beiyue Temple on the eighth day of February, is the Naxi worship of the nation's protective god or god of war, "more than three" of the grand festival. Beiyue Temple, because of the Nanzhao had sealed the Yulong Mountain for the northern mountain, three more temple built in the foothills of the Yulong Mountain and named. Naxi people believe that the three is the largest and most authoritative god of the nation, is a goat, every year on the eighth day of February and August goat, to use the whole goat livestock solemn sacrifice. Three more believers quite a lot, the incense of the prosperous, when the first of all the temples in Lijiang.
Dragon King Temple:
March 15 of the Dragon King Temple, also known as the Black Dragon pool will be, both Naxi worship of the Dragon King's festival, but also the people of all ethnic groups of the exchange of materials. Will be three to five days. Participate in the temple, in addition to Lijiang and neighboring counties, farmers of all ethnic groups, as well as Dali, Baoshan and other places of business travelers and some provincial merchants. At that time, the Black Dragon Pool near the square temporarily set up, the commercial sheds, a wide range of commodities, people come and go, lively and unusual. Local people compete to buy daily necessities from the mainland, foreign businessmen buy local specialty products. This interoperability, promote economic and cultural exchanges between the people of all ethnic groups, the session is also accompanied by singing Dian opera, horse racing and singing Naxi folk songs and other cultural and entertainment activities.
Mule and horse meeting:
Seven-day mule and horse meeting is another important festival of the Naxi people. In mid-July in Lijiang County, west of the Lion Mountain back slope held. The meeting period of seven to ten days, to livestock trading. At that time, the counties in northwestern Yunnan and Dali and other farmers, carrying specialties to Lijiang to sell, buy back the famous Lijiang mules and horses, copper and so on. A session of the livestock listed or traded up to one or two thousand head or so.
Pilgrimage to the mountain will:
July 25 towards the lion mountain to worship the goddess, is the Yongning Naxi most grand festival. Legend has it that the Lion Mountain is the incarnation of a goddess named "Ridi Ganmu", the goddess of Yongning. She not only dominates the rise and fall of Yongning's population, agricultural abundance and failure, livestock increase or decrease, as well as marriage and childbirth, but also the head of all the mountain gods, around the male mountain gods under her jurisdiction. Every year on the 25th day of the 7th month, all the mountain gods from all over the world go to Tibet to gather for entertainment, and the goddess Ganmu also goes there to participate. In order to make the goddess happy and pray for the prosperity of animals and people, crops and all things prosperous, on this day, Yongning dam area of men and women, especially young people, are dressed in costume, gathered at the foot of the lion mountain, several or dozens of families burn a pile of pine branches, and then sprinkled with honey, milk, ghee, and other offerings to the lion mountain pilgrimage. After worship, enjoy the fun, picnic on the ground. It is said to participate in the pilgrimage, the peak of one, two thousand people. Some young men and women in groups around the lion mountain week, sleep in the open, take advantage of this social activities.
One, the Naxi "library" Spring Festival, the Naxi language called "by Benji gift", meaning the first month of the New Year, also known as "library", that is, the New Year. Naxi people and the Han Chinese the same Spring Festival, the time for the old lunar month of the 30th to the first month of the 15th. However, the Naxi people have their own characteristics of Spring Festival. There is a saying called "playing Wah Naxi Nu", meaning "Lunar New Year Naxi crazy", because a month into the Lunar New Year, the Naxi people will be crazy like for the purchase of goods and busy. New Year's Eve, the custom of slaughtering chickens, stewed pig's head, prepare a variety of dishes and fruits, worship "stove God", to meet the ancestors "home" for the New Year. It is also customary to observe the New Year's Eve. In the early morning of the first day of the first man to get up first, the first is to burn the fire, the fire should be a little on the fire, indicating that the New Year is red and auspicious. Then, he would light three incense sticks and go to the river to "buy water", drawing water three times downstream while chanting, "The New Year is auspicious, and the wind and rain are favorable." After returning from buying water, a bowl of rice-flower sugar water is made and sent to the housewife's bedside to thank her for her hard work throughout the year. After the women wake up, they fry glutinous rice cakes and vermicelli, while the men set up an offering table and sacrifices in the courtyard, with the parents presiding over the worship of heaven and earth, and then withdrawing the offerings back into the house to pay homage to their ancestors. All of this needs to be done before dawn, otherwise it will be ridiculed by the village neighbors as not being industrious. Early in the day to eat fried cakes, rice wine, dumplings and other vegetarian food, meat is prohibited. The first day of the majority of the day do not string of doors. On the second day of the first day of the year, only one after another to friends and relatives to pay respects to each other and take turns to invite the "spring guest". Now, these traditional customs have changed, such as "worship Zaojun", "early morning on the first day to buy water", "in addition to the obscenity of sacrifices to the sky" and other customs have been rare. Naxi family on the first day of the mountain ancestral tomb sacrifice has become a new custom. During the Spring Festival all over the world to play the dragon, play Qilin, to carry out cultural performances, ball games and other colorful festive activities. Second, the first month of the fifteenth "stick will" the first month of the lunar calendar is the Naxi "stick will", will be one day." Stick will" mainly trade hoe, dipper, flat, bamboo basket, sieve, dustpan and other household utensils. At that time, there was a huge crowd of people, and the streets were filled with bamboo and wooden agricultural tools, fruit trees, flowers, and so on. The will evolve from the "Milao will", originally held in the temple temple, the early Qing Dynasty "to return to the flow of land," after the catch will be moved to the ancient city, and gradually developed into the preparation for the spring plowing of bamboo and wood farming tools will be traded, and later added fruit tree seedlings, flowers and bonsai trading, catch will be moved from the ancient city of Sifangjie to the new city, will be extended by the original one day for three days." The first month of the fifteenth, marking the Spring Festival has been over, people also cast into the spring plowing preparations to go. Third, March "Dragon King Temple" Qing Qianlong two years (1737), the Black Dragon Pool north of the city built the Dragon God Shrine, the stage, where the annual "Dragon King Temple". Singing opera, sacrifices to the Dragon King." March will be" held in March of the lunar calendar every year, the general period of seven days, originally for the sacrifice of the dragon to seek rain. In the early years of the Republic of China, the governor Xiong Tingquan initiative in the "Dragon King Temple" during the exchange of materials will be held, supported by all sectors of society, and in the Yuquan north of the forest lawn between the mule and horse-based livestock market. Diqing, Dali, Baoshan, Kunming, as well as provincial merchants have taken mules and drove horses to come, Yuquan gradually turned into the center of the mule and horse bazaar, "March will" began to evolve into the mule and horse material exchange. 1950 was renamed "March material exchange", after 1970, to protect the water of the Black Dragon Lake, several sites, but "March will" has continued to this day." March will be" period, in addition to the exchange of mountain herbs, local products, daily necessities and mules and horses and livestock outside the organization of sports competitions, folk songs, ancient music and other activities. Lijiang city crowded, full of festive atmosphere. Fourth, the Naxi torch festival Yang Pingshuo's "Lijiang Bamboo Branch Lyrics" in this poem: "star back to the festival routine along, torch village village light rice fields. The ears of grain come out to see the torch, and the old farmers celebrate a good year." This is the Naxi rural torch festival. Naxi and neighboring Bai and Yi, the same, every year, the Torch Festival. The Naxi people call the torch festival "Chuangmei Sheng Russia", the Naxi people have "the beginning of the Ku Shi Di, if the Sheng Russia Di" proverb, which means that the biggest festival in winter is the Spring Festival, the biggest festival in summer is the Torch Festival. From June 25th to 27th of the lunar calendar, the Naxi people will have three days of Torch Festival, the Jinsha River area for the 24th to 26th. During the day, bullfighting, wrestling and singing folk songs are held. At night, families light big torches, stick them high on the top of grain shelves or trees, and light a lot of small torches in yards or lanes. Children carry torches around, sprinkle rosin powder on the torches, jump on the torches, and adults perform the Lusheng dance. Towns and cities are home to the torches lined up in front of the street, rows of torches lit, the streets and alleys as bright as day, torches such as forests, crowds of people like a tide. Some villages at night, will be the family torch centralized in the village outside the burning. In crowded places, but also point giant torches, burning lanterns, etc., and around the torches "playing jump", enjoy the carnival. Fifth, the July Mule and Horse will be held in mid-July of the lunar calendar every year, will be held for about ten days to cattle, mules and horses and other large livestock transactions, said "July Mule and Horse will be". July mule and horse will have a long history, known far and wide. Legend has it that the Naxi ancestor of the creation of Chong Nin Li En, after the flood, and the God of heaven's princess lined with red praise white encounter love, break through the obstacles, finally married, from heaven back to earth, the heavenly palace of the horse trade will also be passed back to the hometown, so there will be a mule and horse event. Ancient Lijiang will have "flower horse country" reputation. Here a long time ago and Sichuan merchants trading horses. Written in Naxi hieroglyphics, "Dongba scripture", there are many wonderful depictions of horse breeding life. Lijiang horse has a well-proportioned body, small eyes, neck short fine, muscular, strong limbs, hard hooves, hard-working, light step, good at climbing mountains and other advantages, pack, ride, pull are suitable, not only in the local service, and every year there are a large number of horses lost to various places. The Ming Dynasty due to military and transportation needs, the introduction of good donkey breeds from Shanxi, and local good horse with the development of mules. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Lijiang Wood's Tusi to local steeds sent to Beijing tribute. Qing Qianlong years, every year in March "Dragon King Temple" on the mule and horse livestock trading. In the early years of the Republic of China, in all parts of the mule and horse on the basis of the market, and in the ancient city of lion mountain west of the hillside held "July mule and horse will be". With the prosperity and development of the national economy, the old "July will" more prosperous, become a trading mules and horses, exchange of materials, dissemination of culture, a new type of event. With the increasing expansion of specifications, the site has been relocated to a more expansive county east of the red star exchange venue. During the festival, the Naxi people holding livestock, with agricultural and sideline specialties and a variety of Chinese herbs, to the town of Danyan catch up. Neighboring places of Han, Bai, Yi, Tibetan, Pumi and other ethnic brothers and sisters, also dressed in national dress to catch the meeting. Tibet, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Anhui and other places of merchants, also came from afar to participate in the event. People rush during the day, shopping, exhibitions, performances, from the street to the venue of 3000 meters of road, the flow of people never stop. Sunset, the early lights, Sifang Street, New Street and the square, the crowd. Some play the flute, some play the reed-sheng, some sing "valley gas tone", some circle jumped up "Alili" and "Oh Morda". Today's Naxi "July will", has become a veritable frontier of the new look of the Expo, the exchange of national friendship, more and more to show its unique characteristics.