Dance has formed the closest friendship with music since its inception. Dance cannot be separated from music, and music occupies a very important position in the art of dance. Whether looking at the history of the development of dance art in foreign countries or China, the progress of dance itself in dance art is closely related to the progress of music. In the general concept of dance art, music has become an inseparable and important component. In ancient my country, there was the conclusion that poetry, dance, and music are integrated, and that "dancers are the face of music." In the Spring and Autumn Period, music and dance were collectively referred to as "music and dance." ”, in modern times there is a saying that “music is the soul of dance, and dance is just the echo of music”, and there are also views that “dance is the foundation of all art” and “dance is the ancestor of art”. From the perspective of origin, dance should be earlier than music, and music has formed the closest friendship with dance since it emerged from dance, becoming its inseparable soul. They are like inseparable partners who are connected by flesh and blood, cooperating with each other and jointly weaving wonderful artistic flowers. This article intends to elaborate on dance and music from the following aspects:
1. From the perspective of the origin and development of dance, dance is the source of music
According to historical records, humans have not yet When they produce language, they will use movements to express their emotions and thoughts, and they will use movement images to convey and communicate certain information. Therefore, dance becomes a way for them to teach labor production, practice fighting skills, exercise, and even find a spouse. and indispensable important means of life. The esthetician Plato believed: "When human language expression was not very developed, dance was an art of speaking with gestures." Then, it can be inferred that the emergence of dance should be earlier than the emergence of music. Because people walk upright, in order to facilitate the most basic human communication, there are basic conditions for dance. Therefore, dancing can be regarded as the earliest symbol of human culture and art, which also responds to the "impulse of dance" "Almost at the same time as human beings," this scientific proof shows that primitive dances in primitive societies originally relied on human body movements to beat time. This kind of relic is still common in folk dances today. For example, Spanish tap dance has sounds when tapping the ground, and Russian dance has hands. The action of clapping boots, as well as kicking the ground and clapping are more common. To this day, people in Quanzhou, Fujian still dance the "Breast Clapping Dance" during the Lantern Festival. The man is bare-chested and barefoot, with a straw rope tied around his head. He pats his chest, armpits, knees and thighs with his hands, squats down and dances. It is extremely enthusiastic, with a bright rhythm and a rough dance appearance. Showing an extremely ancient dance in front of people When primitive people danced, they also tied something that could make a sound to the body as accompaniment. There are also traces of this tradition. For example, when the Indians in South America dance traditional dances, they either tie a rattling pod on their feet, or hold a rattle made of coconuts (now used in symphony orchestras). Maracas). The Yugoslav folk "mute dance" also uses the shaking sound of the ornaments worn on the hands and feet to coordinate the dance steps, while the Indian dance uses footbells to beat the time, which can be said to be a high degree of development of this primitive method. The primitive dance later had real accompaniment, that is, rhythmic tapping of stones and wood to accompany the dance. It is said in ancient Chinese books that "by striking and breaking stones, hundreds of beasts will dance" ("Shangshu Yaodian"), which vividly reproduces the scene of striking and breaking stone tools, creating rhythms of varying strengths and weaknesses, accompaniment to animal-like dances. This primitive music has only rhythm but no melody. American modern esthetician Susan Lange has this passage in the book "Art Problems": "The outstanding music historian and dancer Kurt Sahas said in "World Dance History": Today One fact that is very puzzling to people is that dance, as a high art, has been developed in prehistoric times, and it has reached a level of perfection unmatched by other arts and sciences. During this period, people lived a savage group life, and the sculptures and buildings they created were still very primitive. Poetry had not yet appeared during this period, but they created things that surprised all anthropologists. They were difficult and It is a perfect dance art! If the music they created during this period is separated from this kind of dance, it will sound like nothing. Only when accompanied by this kind of dance will the music sound beautiful." It can be seen that music comes from beating the time for dance, and dance is the source of music.
2. From the perspective of music and historical development, music has become the soul of dance
With the passage of time and the development of the dance industry, music has gradually accompanied colorful dances. Monotony leads to richness, and finally gets rid of its subordinate status and develops independently.
With it, it can enhance the dance atmosphere, and dancers can use the stimulation of music to generate more feelings about dance. So when music developed to a high level, it came back to support dance, making dance more lyrical and abstract. For example, the dance "The Pavilion" was selected as a "classic dance work of the 20th century". It shows the farewell emotions of a young man and woman in a pavilion, a lingering love pas de deux, and embodies "If two feelings last forever, how can they be together?" The love theme thought of "morning and twilight". This dance music uses the Erhu Concerto "Two Springs Reflect the Moon" by folk musician Hua Yanjun (A Bing). The whole song expresses A Bing's inner monologue under the social background conditions at that time: "Although the moonlight is bright, the world is dark; Although the spring water is sweet, the world is bitter; although the water surface is flat, the world is unfair." The song is full of melancholy, resentment and a man's demeanor that would rather break than bend [3]. After enjoying the dance, we felt that to the accompaniment of Abing’s famous Erhu Concerto "Er Quan Ying Yue", you will be immersed in the story of the intertwined scenes of true love and parting created by the characters created by the "husband and wife" (dancers) on the stage. infected. The reason why the music of "Two Springs Reflect the Moon" can become a synthetic part of this dance work is that its vitality lies in the fact that the music image penetrates into the dance image, so that the dance image and the music image are cleverly integrated. Contemporary dancer Wu Xiaobang believes: "The artistic image of any dance must be through music in order to fully express its 'meaning'." He publicly claimed that he had obtained the dance image from "March of the Volunteers". He also pointed out: "As for an unaccompanied dance, since there is no sound, it also has a rhythmic movement from the silence, which will make people feel that silence is better than sound [4]." This profoundly points out the interdependence between dance and music. relationship. Although dance should precede the emergence of music in time, in fact the fact that the two complement each other and set off each other makes them an inseparable whole. For example, in order to emphasize the independence of dance art, some dancers are committed to creating works that do not require musical accompaniment. However, they still use walking taps and footbells and handbells to make rhythmic sounds in accordance with the movements of the body. Musical accompaniment. Broadly speaking, this rhythmic sound is the basic element of music. The dance "Silent Song" [5] performed by Chinese dancer Wang Manli and other choreographers to express the struggle life of martyr Zhang Zhixin in prison is a dance work without musical accompaniment, but it uses the sound of wind, water, shackles, whipping and other sounds. In fact, this kind of sound itself belongs to music in a broad sense, because it has rhythm, rhythm, pitch and timbre. It can be seen that with the development of time, dance and music can no longer be separated, and music has become the indispensable soul of dance. Of course, dance is not just about obeying music. First of all, dancing requires choosing music, because not all music is suitable for dancing. Secondly, if you are composing music specifically for a specific dance piece in mind, you must obey the requirements set by the choreographer. In addition, the choreographer can also request changes to the music during the choreography process.
3. From the perspective of specific artistic practice, dance and music tend to be combined with each other
Dance and music both have rhythm, which is the natural basis for their combination. The fundamental reason why primitive dance was integrated with music in the first place is rhythm. Rhythm is the basic element that constitutes the art of dance. Although dance is the art of human movement, not all movements in life can become dance movements. Only those movements that have been refined and processed into regular and rhythmic movements can constitute dance. Movements can have the special artistic function of expressing the ideological content of a work. Precisely because the formation of rhythm is based on people's will and emotions, the ups and downs of human body movements in dance, the smooth twists and turns of movement lines, etc., can attract people's attention and contain it with its touching rhythm. The emotions are transmitted to the audience, arouse the audience's excitement, and guide them to participate in artistic aesthetic activities. It can be seen that rhythm is the basis for refining and organizing life as artistic movements. Rhythm is the link to structure dance movements and the through line for the overall layout of dance works.
"The same is true for music. Rhythm and beat are also the skeleton of the whole music." In dance works, the dance image is determined by the intensity, speed and energy of the music in conjunction with the rhythm of the music. It deeply and meticulously embodies the inner emotional fluctuations of the characters. Therefore, rhythm is the natural basis for the combination of human body movements and music melody.
From a deeper sense, people's rhythmic movements naturally require music to cooperate, so various rhythmic collective labors in the past dynasties have labor chants. Of course, what can be combined with dance is not any music, but music with a distinctive rhythm. Music is inherently easy to combine with other arts, such as drama, film, poetry, etc., but the easiest and must be combined with dance, and the reason is that they have the same rhythm.
The second is lyricism. Both music and dance are good at lyricism, a common characteristic, which allows them to make profound and subtle reflections of various human moods and emotions in artistic works. Of course, they are not as convenient as literature in explaining the origin and end of things and the complicated details of life, and their expertise in lyricism cannot be replaced by literary works. This makes them stand side by side with literature in people's creative artistic activities. It has become an indispensable spiritual food for any nation and any historical era. Dance uses highly refined human body movements as an artistic method to create artistic images. The creation of dance images also comes from life and the author's understanding and feelings about life. The only difference from music is that dance directly presents the artistic image in front of the audience in an intuitive way, allowing the audience to arouse their own emotional excitement and thinking activities through their intuitive perception of the image.
When music and dance exist independently, each uses its own artistic means to play its social role. When their own particularities and limitations make it necessary to combine with each other to produce new art forms, it becomes crucial for music and dance to work closely together, complement each other, and jointly create a perfect artistic image. It's important. In dance dramas and dances, music and dance have the same purpose and task of shaping the same artistic image. Under normal circumstances, the vividness and touchingness of a dance image rely to a large extent on the influence of music on the characters. Depiction of thoughts and feelings. The combination of dance and music forms a complete dance art. The movements and postures expressed in dance are the most beautiful and touching among all things in the world. Combined with the most beautifully organized and beautiful sounds, that is, music art, it will bring people a wonderful artistic enjoyment.
For example, the creation process of the modern dance "Hatha for the People's Liberation Army" is a typical example. The director first determined the theme of "praising the military and civilians' love of fish and water", and then used the popular theme of "Hope Primary School" to create a Tibetan little girl and a group of People's Liberation Army soldiers using the Tibetan "Guozhuang" and "Xianzi" as the main action materials. The image of a warrior. Judging from the design of the main action images. It is undoubtedly typical and innovative for the director to highlight "emotion" in his works. However, body language is often not enough to highlight the new idea of ??"emotion". This requires the cooperation of beautiful and emotional music. The composer creates music based on the work materials and content provided by the choreographer. For example: "·1 ·3 ·2 ·1 6| 5 - - - | - - -" The theme music with Tibetan string style in the dance runs throughout the dance. This theme music is as gentle as water for a while, showing the Tibetan girl The characters of the People's Liberation Army serving tea, pouring water, offering khatas and loving their loved ones are sonorous and powerful at times, showing the working mood of the People's Liberation Army working day and night to build the "Hope Primary School". The seemingly simple music, due to its constant reappearance, allows the audience to appreciate the theme of the deep love between Tibetan and Han soldiers and civilians from the music. Therefore, the music image is fuller and the dance image is more moving. The reason why this work has received high praise is that in addition to the choreographer's unique conception, the music with rich national characteristics also plays an important role in setting off the dance atmosphere. From the above dance creation method, we can see that dance belongs to the category of "seeing" , there is no point in appreciating dance without "seeing". In addition, it also needs to use "listening" to meet people's sensory needs, and through "listening" to expand the dance appreciation space and regulate emotions. Of course, although music has its own independent expression space, we cannot overemphasize the role of music just because of "listening". Otherwise, the dance image in the dance will be separated from the character image and the dance will lose its due value. We should understand that people do not It’s a simple reason that people go to dance venues to enjoy music.
Therefore, in this sense, it can be said that in the art of dance, music is the sound of dance, and dance is the form of music.
One is tangible but silent, the other is sound but invisible. The unity of dance and music is the unity of different modes of expression, the unity of vision and hearing, the unity of form and illusion. And from the overall development process, dance and music can express each other. , promote each other. For example, the above dance can explain the music, and the music can display the atmosphere for the dance, strengthen the style characteristics, stimulate emotions, advance the plot, etc.
Reference Baidu Library: /view/ebb98a52915f804d2b16c1f3?