Also known as a left-behind wife, it refers to a woman who lives alone or with other family members in her household registration after her husband goes out. With the acceleration of urbanization, the rural labor force has shifted to cities. Because the main part of the migrant labor force is men, women and children stay at their registered residence, a number of left-behind women have appeared in rural areas. They endure the loneliness of being separated from their husbands for many years, guarding one acre and three points at home, supporting the elderly, taking care of the children and shouldering the burden of the whole family.
The night is long, and the night is the hardest. Parents of children have an early rest, and about three or five friends dance square dance together. There are also many spontaneous activities in the countryside, which can kill time. They have been separated from their husbands for a long time, but no one talks and chats together every night. They often miss their husbands who work outside, and it is not easy for women to stay.
Nowadays, left-behind girls can easily become left-behind women if they get married without the help of their parents-in-law. She noticed that some places pay attention to the "three small" in marriage-a car, a house, a little old woman, that is, a mother-in-law in her forties and fifties. With a mother-in-law to help with the children, you can go out to work after marriage. When children grow up, they may come back to help take care of their grandchildren and become "little old women". If they are old, they will stay.
It is true that many children will say "I won't let them do this", but many people finally choose to go out to work. In his view, this is "the silent coercion of economic strength".
Because her husband is away all the year round, the mental burden of left-behind women is obviously aggravated and their sense of security is reduced. Main manifestations: First, there is a marriage crisis. Most of the left-behind women are young and middle-aged. Some left-behind women who have been separated for a long time, because their husbands have been working in other places for a long time, lack of communication between husband and wife, mutual suspicion, empty spiritual life and weak self-control, are prone to emotional crisis. In the survey, it was found that the "working marriage" was unstable, and the gathering was less and the separation was more. Second, property safety cannot be effectively guaranteed. After the male labor force went out, only the elderly, children and women were left in the countryside. This demographic change weakens the rural public security, increases the hidden dangers of rural social security, increases the phenomenon of petty theft of left-behind families in rural areas, and greatly reduces the sense of security of left-behind women. 70% of the left-behind women are facing great survival pressure and psychological pressure, and there is no one to talk to. They have to worry about their children and husbands outside, and they are also afraid of others gossiping. One of the women told me that her chickens were often stolen and her puppies were stolen.
Left-behind women have to bear heavy agricultural production labor, take care of housework, and sometimes take care of the elderly and educate underage children. The physical strength of left-behind women is greatly overdrawn. In the survey, we found that most "left-behind women" need to independently undertake about 5 mu of agricultural production and raise chickens in order to live a stable family life. More than half of them said that it is difficult for them to undertake farm work alone and they hope to live a stable family life. Those left-behind women who are in poor health encounter greater difficulties. For example, Shen, a left-behind woman in our village, has five people in her family, two children go to school, one is in high school, the other is a baby, and the other is a sick mother-in-law. She is solely responsible for the cultivation of 4 mu of responsible farmland. Because of years of fatigue, I broke down from overwork and suffered from lumbar spondylosis. In her own words, "sometimes I am too tired to take off my shoes and want to climb into bed, but the children at home have to take care of themselves." Asked about the treatment of lumbar spondylosis, she said that the money earned by her husband from part-time job should buy milk powder and pay tuition for her children, and her mother-in-law needs to take care of it. There is not much left, and her illness can only last. As she spoke, she began to sob.