But this heroic version of the story can be handed down, obviously because the good story of loyalty and righteousness is easily recognized by Chinese people. The rewritten version of The Orphan of Zhao is full of ideas highly respected by traditional culture, such as loyalty to the country, repayment of kindness, sacrifice for justice, rehabilitation and revenge. And it is in line with people's hearts. In addition, with the help of the official propaganda of past dynasties, the story of "Zhao's orphan" has been widely spread in official and folk circles.
Official propaganda was particularly important in the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty was a political power established by Zhao, and "yellow robe plus body" ascended the throne. The story of "Zhao orphan" reflects the spirit and strength of orthodoxy and resurrection, which just contributes to the ruling atmosphere. Therefore, the court took Zhao's roots as the source and took the initiative to connect with the story.
When I was in North Song Shenzong, I first built a temple in Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu.
After the change of Jingkang, Hui Di, Emperor Qin and the whole royal family were taken to the north by Jin Bing, and the Northern Song Dynasty ended. At the turn of the Southern Song Dynasty, only the only legitimate heir to the throne, the whole thing is the reappearance of "Zhao's orphan". The regime and the "Zhao orphan" faced the same country, and the ruling and opposition parties in the Song Dynasty felt the same mood. In order to inspire people, the imperial court frequently knighted Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu.
In the 16th year of Emperor Gaozong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 146), Zuode Temple was built in Lin 'an House. In June, Gongsun was appointed as a loyal and wise Hou and became a loyal Hou.
In July of the 22nd year of Emperor Gaozong's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 152), Gongsun Chujiu was made an English Duke, Cheng Ying was made a "strong Duke", and the sacrifice was promoted to "Zhong Si".
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong was made Chunyou for two years (1242), Gongsun Chujiu was made Zhongjun, and Cheng Ying was made Zhongjun.
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Army captured Lin 'an and captured the Southern Song Emperor Zhao Gong Xian and the Empress Dowager. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Min and the young Song Emperor Zhao Min lived alone. In the battle between the South China Sea and Yashan Mountain, Zhao's Southern Song Dynasty court threw himself into the sea and died for his country. The scene of orphan Zhao reappeared, and the story of orphan Zhao was carried forward in the Song Dynasty.
In the Yuan Dynasty, with the spread of the Yuan drama Orphan of Zhao compiled by Ji (also known as Orphan of Zhao), its theme just adapted to the psychology of Han people under the rule of Meng Yuan: sacrifice for justice and revenge for evil spirits. It is a metaphor for the spirit and thought of the Han people wishing to return to the Song Dynasty, which makes the story of "Zhao's orphan" more widely known.
In short, after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the historical truth of "difficulty in entering the palace" gradually disappeared, and the story of "Zhao's orphan" was widely circulated, and the reconstructed history obscured the historical truth.
At first, Zhao's descendants searched for their ancestors to climb the roots, tried their best to attach themselves to the meeting, and built a shrine with the shadow of a huge branch of the clan, and then sought the approval of the court. Other ethnic groups are also actively looking for "backing". Obviously, the Zhao family in Hedong is a branch of Zhao family, and it is also one of the earliest stories of "Zhao family" recorded in the literature: when Zhao family set up a temple in Hedong in the Tang Dynasty to worship their ancestors, they also built a temple to worship Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu. Of course, Cheng, Gong Sun and other clans will also seek their roots.
In the fourth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1082), in May, Hou Wu of Dali Temple was authorized to play: Zuode Temple was established in Zhao Village, Taiping County, Jiangzhou, Shanxi Province (at this time, it was officially certified), and Gongsun was made a loyal and wise Hou, and was also named a loyal and faithful Hou. The tomb is located in the southwest of Jiangzhou, to the north of Doctor Zhao's tomb, where there is a statue.
Nangao lived in Shaoxing for eleven years and established Zuode Temple in Lin 'an, Zhejiang. In July of 16th year (1 146), Gongsun Chujiu was named Tong Yong, Zhong, and Cheng Ying was named Zhong You.
In July of the 22nd year of Emperor Gaozong's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 152), Gongsun Chujiu was made an English Duke, Cheng Ying was made a "strong Duke", and the sacrifice was promoted to "Zhong Si".
In the third year of Qing Yuan in Ningzong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1197), Jiafeng was loyal to the king of Xinjiang.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong was made Chunyou for two years (1242), Gongsun Chujiu was made Zhongjun, and Cheng Ying was made Zhongjun.
Where did the story of Zhao's orphan take place? Where are the graves and activities of Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu? Obviously, a branch of the Zhao family in Taiping County, Jiangzhou, Shanxi Province was the first to apply, and it was initially recognized by the government. The cemetery of Zhao's ancestors and Gongsun is located in this county. The Youde Temple in Lin 'an Prefecture is a formal sacrificial place for the royal family.
Later, with the changes of the times and the migration of Zhao and other ethnic groups, for example, the Cheng family in Huaining, Anhui Province, began in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, and its Daoguang genealogy clearly recorded that the fourteen families of the Cheng family had ancestral temples in Taiping County, Jiangzhou; The leader of Huizhou School and the originator of Peking Opera are descendants of Cheng. As a result, the graves and activities of Zhao Zu, Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu gradually increased. This is also in line with the saying that "justice lies in people's hearts."
Nowadays, with the development of tourism, due to economic and other reasons, the dispute over the location of the "Zhao orphan" is no longer a matter for the Zhao family, and the local government is also involved. At present, there are four theories with great influence: Jiangzhou, Pingyang (now Zhaokang Town, Xiangfen County), Dazhao Village, Taiping Township, Southwest Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, Tongzhou, Shaanxi Province (now Dali County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province), Guangping, Zhili (Guangfu Town, Yongnian County, Handan City, Hebei Province), Xingtai, Hebei Province, Jingxing, Shijiazhuang and so on. I won't list them one by one.
A few days ago, we saw the newly-built "Cheng Ying Square" in Xinzhou as an example: some local people took pains to ask around and carefully "studied" the route that Cheng Ying hid with orphans for more than 700 miles after receiving the bounty; And don't forget to include the Tibetan Mountain in Yuxian County, a neighboring county, so as not to cause trouble; Finally settled in the southwest of Xinzhou City, where Cheng Ying and others' cemeteries are located; Its basic basis is the story of Zhao's orphan told by Raptors in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In recent years, the local government has invested in building squares and temples and repairing Chengying Cemetery, forcing a far-fetched story to become real and interesting!
Just look at the newly-built Chengying Square and Temple, but there is a statue of Shi Niu excavated in 2007 on the square, which interests me. Shi Niu is very simple and has a Han style. Since the excavation, the local cultural relics department has not made a clear statement.
By the way: A few years ago, someone made a movie called Orphan of Zhao, but I didn't watch it, for fear that the poor screenwriter, director, actors and plot would ruin my impression of Orphan of Zhao.